AP United States History Exam

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Section I

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Section IThe Exam

AP® United States History ExamSECTIONI:Multiple-ChoiceQuestions

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SectionIofthisexamcontains80multiple-choicequestions.Fillinonlytheovalsfornumbers1through80onyouranswersheet.

Indicateallofyouranswerstothemultiple-choicequestionsontheanswersheet.Nocreditwillbegivenforanythingwritteninthisexambooklet,butyoumayusethebookletfornotesorscratchwork.Afteryouhavedecidedwhichofthesuggestedanswersisbest,completelyfillinthecorrespondingovalontheanswersheet.Giveonlyoneanswertoeachquestion.Ifyouchangeananswer,besurethatthepreviousmarkiserasedcompletely.Hereisasamplequestionandanswer.

Sample Question Sample Answer

ThefirstpresidentoftheUnitedStateswas A B C D E(A) Millard Fillmore (B)GeorgeWashington(C)BenjaminFranklin(D) Andrew Jackson (E)HarryTruman

Useyourtimeeffectively,workingasrapidlyasyoucanwithoutlosingaccuracy.Donotspendtoomuchtimeonanyonequestion.Goontootherquestionsandcomebacktotheonesyouhavenotansweredifyouhavetime.Itisnotexpectedthateveryonewillknowtheanswerstoallofthemultiple-choicequestions.

About Guessing

Manycandidateswonderwhetherornottoguesstheanswerstoquestionsaboutwhichtheyarenotcertain.Multiple-choicescoresarebasedonthenumberofquestions answered correctly. Points are not deducted for incorrect answers, and no pointsareawardedforunansweredquestions.Becausepointsarenotdeductedforincorrectanswers,youareencouragedtoanswerallmultiple-choicequestions.Onany questions you do not know the answer to, you should eliminate as many choices asyoucan,andthenselectthebestansweramongtheremainingchoices.

Total Time55 minutesNumber of Questions80Percent of Total Grade50%Writing InstrumentPencil required

At a Glance

Practice Test 1 | 289

Section I


UNITED STATES HISToRySECTIoN I

Time—55 minutes

Directions:Eachofthequestionsorincompletestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfivesuggestedanswersorcompletions.Selecttheonethatisbestineachcaseandthenblackenthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet.

1. AmajorweaknessoftheArticlesofConfederationwas that they

(A) createdatoo-powerfulchiefexecutive(B) didnotincludeamechanismfortheirown

amendment(C) madeittoodifficultforthegovernmenttoraise

moneythroughtaxesandduties(D) deniedthefederalgovernmentthepowerto

mediate disputes between states(E) requiredtheratificationofonlyasimple

majority of states

0 300 600 miles

0 300 600 miles

2. TheshadedregiononthemapaboveshowsthelandheldbytheUnitedStatesimmediatelyfollow-ingthe

(A) American Revolution(B) passageoftheNorthwestOrdinance(C) negotiationoftheTreatyofGreenville(D) Louisiana Purchase(E) Warof1812

3. Manifest Destiny is the belief that

(A) thecolonistsweredestinedtoleavetheBritishempire because of the distance between the NewWorldandEngland

(B) womenarebiologicallypredestinedtolivesofchildrearinganddomesticlabor

(C) America’sexpansiontotheWestCoastwasinevitable and divinely sanctioned

(D) theabolitionofslaveryintheUnitedStateswascertain to come about, because slavery was immoral

(E) AmericanentryintoWorldWarIwasunavoidableandwasinAmerica’slong-terminterests

4. InhisopiniononthecaseDred Scott v. Sandford, ChiefJusticeRogerTaneyruledthat

(A) theSupremeCourthadtherighttoruleontheconstitutionality of any federal law

(B) “separatebutequal”facilitiesforpeopleofdifferent races were constitutional

(C) corporations were entitled to the same protectionsguaranteedindividualsundertheFourteenth Amendment

(D) school prayer violated the principle of “separationofchurchandstate”

(E) CongresshadnorighttoregulateslaveryinUnitedStatesterritories


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5. FollowingtheCivilWar,mostfreedslaves

(A) stayed in the South and worked as sharecroppers

(B) joinedthepioneeringmovementasitheadedWest

(C) movedtotheNorthtoworkinfactories(D) tookworkbuildingthenation’sgrowing

railroad system(E) moved to Liberia with the aid of the American

ColonizationSociety

6. AllofthefollowingpoliciespursuedbyPresidentTheodore Roosevelt were main objectives of the AmericanProgressivesEXCEPT

(A) passageofthePureFoodandDrugAct(B) creationofnationalforestsandprotected

wildlife reserves(C) initiationofantitrustlawsuitsagainstvarious

corporate monopolies(D) intervention in the affairs of Central American

governments(E) expansionofthepoweroftheInterstate

Commerce Commission

7. WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheTreatyof Versailles is true?

(A) TheUnitedStatesSenaterejecteditbecauseittreatedGermanytooleniently.

(B) TheUnitedStatesSenaterejecteditbecauseitrequired increased American involvement in European affairs.

(C) TheUnitedStatesSenateapprovedit,withreservationsconcerningthedivisionofEastern Europe.

(D) TheUnitedStatesSenateapproveditwithoutreservations.

(E) ItwasnevervotedonbytheUnitedStatesSenate.

8. The1956boycottoftheMontgomerybussystem

(A) wasledbyMalcolmX(B) startedbecausethecitydoubledbusfares(C) wasinstigatedbythearrestofRosaParks(D) lasted for three weeks and failed to achieve its

goal(E) resulted from the assassination of Martin

LutherKingJr.

9. SenatorJosephMcCarthygainednational prominence with his accusation that

(A) Americanmeatpackersdisregardedfundamental rules of sanitation

(B) theFederalBureauofInvestigationwasviolatingmanyinnocentcitizens’righttoprivacy

(C) somecongressmenweretakingbribesinreturnforpro-businessvotes

(D) massivevoterfraudwascommonthroughoutthe Southwest

(E) theStateDepartmenthadbeeninfiltratedbycommunist spies

10. ThePuritansbelievedthatthefreedomto practicereligionshouldbeextendedto

(A) Puritans only(B) allProtestantsonly(C) all Christians only(D) all Jews and Christians only(E) allinhabitantsoftheNewWorld,including

AfricansandNativeAmericans

11. TheSugarActof1764representedamajorshiftinBritishpolicytowardthecoloniesinthat,forthefirsttime,theBritish

(A) allowedallproceedsfromataxtostayinthecolonial economy

(B) attemptedtocontrolcolonialexports(C) offered the colonists the opportunity to address

Parliamentwithgrievances(D) requiredthecoloniestoimportEnglishgoods

exclusively(E) leviedtaxesaimedatraisingrevenuerather

thanregulatingtrade


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15. The“GhostDance”movementamongWesternNa-tiveAmericansstressedallofthefollowingEXCEPT

(A) the belief that the world would soon come to an end

(B) rejectionofalcoholandothertrappingsofwhite society

(C) unityamongNativeAmericansofdifferenttribes

(D) nonviolence(E) theuseofmagictoneutralizetheeffectiveness

of whites’ weaponry

16. TheIndustrialRevolutionhadwhichofthefollow-ingeffectsonslaveryintheSouth?

(A) Thecreationofnumerouslabor-savingmachines vastly reduced the need for slave labor.

(B) RapidgrowthinthetextileindustryencouragedSouthernplanterstogrowcotton,therebymakingslaverymoreimportant to the economy.

(C) ThegovernmentboughtandfreedSouthernslaves,thentransportedthemtotheNorth,wherefactorieswereexperiencingamajorlaborshortage.

(D) TheIndustrialRevolutionbeganastheCivilWarwasendinganditprovidedworkformany former slaves.

(E) Newfarmmachineryrequiredslavesandmasterstoworkmorecloselytogether,witharesultingreductionofmutualhostility.

12. InresponsetoseveralunfavorableSupremeCourtrulingsconcerningNewDealprograms,FranklinRoosevelt

(A) urgedthevotingpublictowritelettersofprotest to Supreme Court justices

(B) submittedfourseparateConstitutionalamendmentsbroadeningthepowersofthepresidency

(C) abandonedtheNewDealandreplaceditwithalaissez-fairepolicy

(D) instructedboththelegislativeandexecutivebranchestoignoretherulings

(E) proposedlegislationthatwouldallowhimto appoint new federal and Supreme Court judges

13. TheKnow-NothingPartyfocuseditseffortsalmostexclusivelyontheissueof

(A) religiousfreedom(B) therighttobeararms(C) the prohibition of alcohol(D) women’srights(E) immigration

14. The“newimmigrants”whoarrivedintheUnitedStatesaftertheCivilWarweredifferentfromthe“oldimmigrants”inthatthey

(A) came mostly from Latin American countries(B) settledinruralareasintheMidwestwhere

land was plentiful(C) werebetterpreparedthanpreviousimmigrants

hadbeentofacethechallengesofurbanlife(D) spokedifferentlanguagesandhaddifferent

customs than most Americans and thus were not easily assimilated

(E) came from Asia rather than Europe


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19. TheBayofPigsinvasionofCuba,in1961,wascar-ried out by

(A) CaribbeanmercenarieshiredbytheUnitedStates

(B) Americansoldiers(C) the Soviet navy(D) CubanexilestrainedbytheCentralIntelligence

Agency(E) Cuban Communist rebels led by Fidel Castro

20. RogerWilliamswasbanishedfromMassachusettsBayin1636foradvocating

(A) the separation of church and state(B) women’ssuffrage(C) bigamy(D) theexportoftobacco(E) independencefromEngland

21. AllofthefollowinginfluencedtheUnitedStates’decisiontodeclarewaragainstGreatBritainin1812EXCEPT

(A) the impressment of American sailors(B) BritishcontroloftheAtlanticandresulting

interferenceinUnitedStatestradewithEurope

(C) theAmericangovernment’scertaintythatitsnavywasmorepowerfulthanGreatBritain’s

(D) GreatBritain’sallianceswithAmericanIndiantribes,whichcurtailedUnitedStateswestwardexpansion

(E) thefailureoftheEmbargoAct

22. The Missouri Compromise can be described by all ofthefollowingEXCEPT

(A) Itprovidedamethodforcountingslavesamongstatepopulationswhendeterminingthesizeofthestates’congressionaldelegations.

(B) ItallowedMissouritobeadmittedtotheUnionas a slave state.

(C) ItcreatedthefreestateofMainefromterritorythatbelongedtoMassachusetts.

(D) Oneofitspurposeswastomaintaintheequalrepresentation of free states and slave states in the Senate.

(E) ItincludedanorthernborderintheLouisianaTerritory above which slavery was thereafter prohibited.

Strike-Breaking

17. The1933politicalcartoonshownabovemakesthepoint that

(A) infightingwithinandamongunionspreventedtheir rise to economic power

(B) governmentinspectorsturnedtheirbackstoillegalrepressionoflaborunions

(C) attacks on unions were so well concealed that thegovernmentdidnotknowwheretobeginitsinvestigations

(D) fromtheirbeginnings,laborunionswerecontrolledbyorganizedcrime

(E) thegovernmentmovedtoohastilyininvestigatingmisbehaviorinlaborunions

18. InwhichdecisiondidtheSupremeCourtinvalidatethepracticeof“separatebutequal”facilitiesforblacks and whites?

(A) Marbury v. Madison(B) Bradwell v. Illinois(C) Plessy v. Ferguson(D) Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas(E) Holden v. Hardy


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27. TheTrumanDoctrinedeclaredthegovernment’scommitment to assist

(A) Japanese families affected by the atomic bomb blastsinHiroshimaandNagasaki

(B) anynationfacingwidespreadpovertyasaresultofWorldWarII

(C) freenationsindangeroftakeoverbyrepressivegovernments,especiallySoviet-stylecommunism

(D) Americanfarmers,whosufferedthroughmajorpricedropsafterWorldWarIIended

(E) American families who could not afford to buildhomeswithoutgovernmentaid

28. TheUnitedStates’primaryreasonforparticipatingin the war in Vietnam was

(A) tofightunderthetermsofitsmilitaryalliancewith Japan

(B) toprovidemilitaryaidandassistancetoVietnameseleaderHoChiMinh

(C) to promote Asian autonomy and anticolonialism

(D) becauseAmericanforeignpolicyexpertsbelieved that, without intervention, communism would spread from Vietnam throughoutSoutheastAsia

(E) becausethegovernmentfeltobligedtoprotecttheUnitesStates’considerablebusinessinterests in Vietnam

29. TheFirstGreatAwakeningwasadirectresponseto

(A) Puritanism(B) TheEnlightenment(C) Transcendentalism(D) Existentialism(E) Postmodernism

23. Between1820and1854,thegreatestnumberofim-migrantstotheUnitedStatescamefrom

(A) France(B) Russia(C) Spain(D) England(E) Ireland

24. CongressbroughtimpeachmentproceedingsagainstAndrewJohnsonprimarilybecause

(A) JohnsonsoughttoblockthepunitiveaspectsofCongressionalReconstruction

(B) Johnson’sRepublicanpolicieshadfallenoutoffavor with the Democratic majority

(C) the Johnson administration was riddled with corruption

(D) Johnson’spro-NorthbiaswasdelayingthereadmissionofSouthernstatestotheUnion

(E) manycongressmenpersonallydislikedJohnson,althoughtheyagreedwithhispolicies

25. TheOpenDoorPolicyin1899primarily concerned

(A) independence movements in Africa(B) MexicanimmigrationtotheUnitedStates(C) theremovaloftradetariffsfromUnitedStates–

European trade(D) trade with China(E) theUnitedStates’coloniesinCentralAmerica

26. WhichofthefollowingwasNOTamajorcontribut-ingfactortotheonsetoftheGreatDepression?

(A) Technologicaladvanceshadallowedfarmersandmanufacturerstooverproduce,creatinglargeinventories.

(B) Thefederalgovernmentinterferedtoofrequentlywiththeeconomy,causinginvestorstoloseconfidence.

(C) Theaveragewageearnerwasnotearningenoughmoneytoaffordthemanyconsumergoodsnewtechnologyhadmadeavailable.

(D) Stock investors had been allowed to speculate wildly,creatinganunstableandvolatilestock market.

(E) Major businesses were controlled by so few producers that the failure of any one had a considerable effect on the national economy.


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“Societyeverywhereisinconspiracyagainstthemanhood of every one of its members…. The virtue in mostrequestisconformity.Self-relianceisitsaversion.”

30. Thepassageabovewaswrittenby

(A) RalphWaldoEmerson(B) JonathanEdwards(C) HarrietBeecherStowe(D) CharlesG.Finney(E) AndrewCarnegie

31. TheFree-Soilpartyadvocatedwhichofthe following?

(A) The freedom of settlers within the territories to determine the slave status of their new state

(B) PassageoftheHomesteadActtogivefreelandtoallWesternsettlers

(C) Theexclusionofslaveryfromanyofthenewterritories

(D) Thepolicyofgivingnewly-freedslaves“40acresandamule”followingtheCivilWar

(E) Thedestructionofthesharecroppingsystem

32. Whichofthefollowingstatestheprincipleof “virtualrepresentation,”asitwasarguedduring theeighteenthcentury?

(A) Papermoneyhasvalueeventhoughitisinherently worth very little.

(B) Slavepopulationsmustbecountedwhenfiguringcongressionalapportionment,eventhoughslavesmaynotvote.

(C) Americanproperty-holdingcolonistsmay,iftheysodesire,jointheirstatelegislatures.

(D) AllEnglishsubjects,includingthosewhoare not allowed to vote, are represented in Parliament.

(E) AllEnglishsubjectsareentitledtoatrialbeforea jury of their peers.

33. Bythefirstdecadeofthenineteenthcentury,Ameri-canmanufacturinghadbeenrevolutionizedbytheadvent of

(A) interchangeablemachineparts(B) theelectricengine(C) transcontinental railroads(D) labor unions(E) mail-ordercatalogues

34. Theprincipleofpopularsovereigntystatedthat

(A) wheneveranewareawassettled,allUnitedStatescitizenswererequiredtovoteontheslave status of that area

(B) slaverywouldnotbepermittedinanyareaafter1848

(C) thepresident,aftermeetingwithpublicinterestgroups,wastodecideonwhetherslaveswouldbeallowedinagiventerritory

(D) settlersintheWesternterritories,notCongress,would decide whether to allow slavery in their territory

(E) anysettlersdisagreeingwithfederallawsgoverningslaverywerefreetoignorethoselaws

35. WhichofthefollowingisNOTarequirementsetbytheReconstructionActof1867forSouthernstates’readmissiontotheUnion?

(A) Blackshadtobeallowedtoparticipateinstateconventions and state elections.

(B) ThestatehadtoratifytheFourteenthAmendment to the Constitution.

(C) The state had to pay reparations and provide landgrantstoallformerslaves.

(D) The state had to rewrite its constitution and ratify it.

(E) Congresshadtoapprovethenewstateconstitution.

36. WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheAmericanrailsystem in the nineteenth century?

(A) Governmentsubsidiesandlandgrantsplayedamajorroleinitsexpansion.

(B) Theentirenationalsystemwasplannedbeforethefirstrailwaywasconstructed.

(C) Transcontinental rail travel was not possible at anytimeduringthecentury.

(D) The development of the rails had little effect on the development of American industry.

(E) AmorehighlydevelopedrailsystemgavetheConfederacyadecidedadvantageintheCivilWar.


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1901–1910 1911–1920 1921–1930 1931–1940

decade

Austria/HungaryCanadaGermanyItaly

Percent of U.S. immigration total per decade, by nationality

Austria/HungaryCanadaGermanyItaly

% o

f tot

al im

mig

ratio

npo

p.

25%

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%

37. Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthechangesinimmigrationpatternsreflectedinthechartabove?

(A) The Depression resulted in a massive wave of Canadianemigration.

(B) AfterWorldWarIended,theAustrianandHungarianeconomiesimproved.

(C) Between1920and1930,CongresspassedimmigrationrestrictionsthatdiscriminatedagainstsouthernandeasternEuropeans.

(D) Duringtheyearsrepresentedonthechart,relationsbetweentheUnitedStatesandGermanyimprovedgreatly.

(E) Betweentheyears1900and1910,theItaliangovernmentinstitutedanumberofmeasuresrestrictingemigration.

38. AllofthefollowingcontributedtothespiritofisolationismintheUnitedStatesduringthe1930sEXCEPT

(A) disclosures that munitions manufacturers had lobbiedforAmericaninvolvementinWorldWarI,thenprofitedheavilyfromthewar

(B) aforeignpolicytraditionthatcouldbetracedtoWashington’sFarewellAddress

(C) auniversallackofawarenessofthegoalsoftheThird Reich

(D) memoriesofthecost,bothinfinancialtermsandinhumanlife,ofparticipationinWorldWarI

(E) the desire to focus resources on recovery from theDepressionratherthanonstrengtheningthe military

39. JackKerouac’sOn the Road and The Dharma Bums articulated the ideals of

(A) the silent majority(B) the“lostgeneration”(C) Middle America(D) theBeatgeneration(E) conservative academics

40. LegislationandexecutiveordersassociatedwiththeGreatSocietycreatedallofthefollowingEXCEPT

(A) theWorksProgressAdministration(B) theEqualEmploymentOpportunity

Commission(C) Medicare(D) theDepartmentofHousingandUrban

Development(E) ProjectHeadStart

41. Whichofthefollowingmostaccuratelydescribesthe system of indentured service in the Chesapeake settlementduringtheseventeenthcentury?

(A) Indenturedservantswereslavesforlife;however, their children were born free and could own property.

(B) Mostindenturedservantswereluredbythepromise of freedom and property upon completion of their service.

(C) Most indentured servants were convicted criminalssentencedtoservitudeintheNewWorld.

(D) The vast majority of indentured servants died withintwoyearsofarrivingintheNewWorld.

(E) Indenturedservantswerenotprotectedundercolonial law.


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42. TheNorthwestOrdinanceof1787wasasignificantachievement because it

(A) laidclaimtoallofNorthAmericaeastoftheMississippi River

(B) representedoneoftheraresuccessesofdiplomacybetweentheUnitedStatesgovernmentandAmericanIndians

(C) definedtheprocessbywhichterritoriescouldbecome states

(D) opened all territories west of the states to slavery

(E) wastheonlypieceoflegislationtopassthroughCongressundertheArticlesofConfederation

43. TherapidgrowthofAmericantownsinthe1920sand1930swasmadepossibleprimarilybythe

(A) invention of the steam locomotive(B) greateraccesstoinformationprovidedbyradio

and television(C) mass production of automobiles(D) endofopen-rangecattleranching(E) adventofelectriclighting

44. Reformmovementsduringthefirsthalfofthenine-teenth century attempted to accomplish all of the followingEXCEPT

(A) convince people not to drink alcohol(B) widenthedivisionbetweenchurchandstate(C) rehabilitate criminals(D) induce humane treatment for the insane(E) bringaboutanendtoslavery

“Thepricewhichsocietypaysforthelawofcompeti-tion…isgreat;buttheadvantagesofthislawarealsogreater….[W]hetherthelawbebenignornot,wemustsayofit:Itishere;wecannotevadeit;…itisbestfortherace,becauseitensuresthesurvivalofthefittestineverydepartment.”

45. Theabovepassageischaracteristicof

(A) Calvinism(B) SocialDarwinism(C) Progressivism(D) cultural pluralism(E) egalitarianism

46. TheUnitedStatesarmysupportedPanama’s1903warofindependenceagainstColombiaprimarilybecause

(A) theUnitedStateswassympathetictotherebels’democratic ideals

(B) theMonroeDoctrinerequiredtheUnitedStatesto support all wars of independence in the WesternHemisphere

(C) ColombiawasaskingtoohighapriceforcontroloftheprojectedAtlantic-Pacificcanal

(D) the success of Panama’s rebellion would have loweredsugarpricesintheUnitedStatesconsiderably

(E) theColombiangovernmentwasguiltyofnumeroushumanrightsviolationsinPanama

47. AllofthefollowingwereelementsofHenryClay’sAmericanSystemEXCEPT

(A) protective tariffs on imports(B) theestablishmentoftheSecondBankofthe

UnitedStates(C) theconstructionoftheNationalRoadand

other roadways(D) thecreationoflargenumbersoffederaljobsin

areas with unemployment problems(E) incentivestodevelopmanufacturingand

interstate trade

48. WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheinternmentofthoseJapaneselivingintheUnitedStatesduringWorldWarII?

(A) Themajorityofthoseconfinedwerenative-born Americans.

(B) Manyofthoserelocatedwereknowndissidents.

(C) Only2,000JapaneseAmericanswererelocated.(D) Congresspassedalawrequiringtherelocation

ofallaliensduringthewar.(E) Those who were relocated eventually recovered

their homes and possessions.


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49. Anglo-Americanwomenincolonialtimes

(A) couldownpropertyorexecutelegaldocumentsonly if they were widowed or unmarried

(B) enjoyedmorelibertiesandrightsthandidNativeAmericanwomen

(C) attended church less frequently than did Anglo-Americanmen

(D) weremorelikelythanmentodoagriculturalwork

(E) were required by law to learn to read and write, in order to teach their children

50. IntheseventeenthcenturytheChesapeakeBaysettlementexpandeditsterritorialholdingsmorequicklythandidtheMassachusettsBaysettlementprimarily because

(A) Massachusetts settlers were entirely uninterestedinexpansion

(B) ahighbirthrateandhealthyenvironmentresulted in a population boom in the Chesapeakeregion

(C) noNativeAmericanslivedintheChesapeakeBayarea,andthecolonistswerefreetoexpandtheirsettlementsatwill

(D) farmland in the Chesapeake area was less fertile, and so more of it was needed to supportsustenancefarming

(E) farmingofthechiefChesapeakeexport,tobacco,requiredagreatdealofland

51. ThedebateovertheFirstBankoftheUnitedStateswassignificantbecauseitraisedtheissueof

(A) whetherthenewgovernmentshouldissuepaper currency

(B) howstrictlytheConstitutionshouldbeinterpreted

(C) whethertheUnitedStatesshouldpaybackitswar debt to France

(D) howtofinancetheconstructionoftherailroads(E) whether the president had the power to act

unilaterally on important economic issues

52. TheLowellSystemofearlynineteenth-centurytextilemanufacturingwasnoteworthyforits

(A) practiceofhiringonlyadultmalesatatimewhentextileswasconsidered“women’swork”

(B) commitment,inthefaceoftheIndustrialRevolution,tomaintainingtheold,“by-hand”methodofmanufacture

(C) effortstominimizethedehumanizingeffectsofindustrial labor

(D) pioneeringadvocacyofsuchissuesasparentalleave, vacation time, and health insurance for employees

(E) particularly harsh treatment of employees

53. Theelectionof1824markedaturningpointinpresi-dentialpoliticsbecause,forthefirsttime,

(A) the presidency was won by someone who was not a member of the Federalist Party

(B) apresidentialandvice-presidentialcandidaterantogetherononeticket

(C) allthecandidatescampaignedwidelythroughoutthestates

(D) politicalpartiesofficiallyparticipatedintheelection

(E) thesystemofchoosingnomineesbycongressionalcaucusfailed

54. Inthelatenineteenthcentury,politicalmachinessuchasTammanyHallweresuccessfulprimarilybecause

(A) federallegislationsanctionedtheiractivities(B) theyoperatedprimarilyinruralareas,where

thegovernmentcouldnotmonitortheiractivities

(C) theyfocusedonaccomplishingonlyanarrowsetofhumanrightsobjectives

(D) theychampionedthesuffragettesandreceivedtheir support in return

(E) machine politicians provided needed jobs and servicestonaturalizedcitizensinreturnfortheir votes


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55. ThedisagreementbetweenW.E.B.DuBoisandBookerT.WashingtonregardingthestatusofAfrican-Americansintheearlytwentiethcenturyisbest summed up as a debate over

(A) whatsocialinjusticesfederallegislationshouldcorrectfirst

(B) whetherAfrican-AmericansshouldemigratetoAfrica

(C) whetherstategovernmentsorthefederalgovernmentshouldbetheprimaryvehicleofsocialchange

(D) howprominentaroleAfrican-Americanchurchesshouldplayinthestruggleforcivilrights

(E) whetherAfrican-AmericansshouldfirstseeklegaloreconomicequalitywithwhiteAmericans

56. OneoftheunintendedeffectsofProhibitionwasthat it

(A) caused a national epidemic of alcohol withdrawal

(B) broughtaboutadecreaseinalcoholismandanincrease in worker productivity

(C) resulted in a substantial increase in the abuse of harddrugs,particularlyheroin

(D) lowered the cost of law enforcement by decreasingtheincidenceofdrunkenness

(E) providedorganizedcrimesyndicateswithameanstogainbothwealthandpower

57. The1927motionpictureThe Jazz Singerwasthefirstmajorcommercialfilmtofeature

(A) colorimages(B) theillusionofthreedimensions(C) synchronous sound(D) special effects(E) a dramatic plot

58. WhichofthefollowingwasLEASTlikelyafactorinthedecisiontodropatomicbombsonHiroshimaandNagasaki?

(A) HopethataquickvictoryinthePacificwouldhasten an Allied victory in Europe

(B) FearthattheSovietUnionwouldsoonenterthe war with Japan

(C) Concern that a land war in Japan would result in massive American casualties

(D) Awareness that Japanese forces were numerous andspreadthroughoutAsia

(E) Desire to demonstrate to other world powers the potency of America’s new weapon

59. ThefailedEqualRightsAmendmenttotheCon-stitution was intended to prevent discrimination against

(A) African-Americans(B) NativeAmericans(C) children and adolescents(D) legalimmigrants(E) women

60. WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheStampActisNOTtrue?

(A) Becauseitmostaffectedlawyersandwriters,the Stamp Act fostered a particularly eloquent opposition to the Crown.

(B) ColoniallegislaturessentlettersofprotesttoParliamentthreateningsecessionfromEnglandiftheStampActwasnotrepealed.

(C) OppositiontotheStampActbuiltuponcolonialresentmentoftheSugarandCurrency Acts.

(D) Amongthecolonists’reactionstotheStampActwasaneffectiveboycottofBritishgoods.

(E) AccordingtotheStampAct,thosewhoviolated the law were not entitled to a jury trial.

61. Thedoctrineofnullificationstatedthat

(A) legalimmigrantsmaybedeportedwhentheyfall into a state of destitution

(B) Congressmayoverrideanexecutiveorderwithatwo-thirdsmajorityvote

(C) thegovernmentmaytakecontrolofabankif its cash reserves fall below a certain percentageofitstotaldeposits

(D) municipalandcountygovernmentsmayrescindlicensesgrantedbythestate

(E) a state may repeal any federal law that it deems unconstitutional


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62. AlexisdeTocquevilleattributedAmericansocialmobility to

(A) the continuation of European traditions in the NewWorld

(B) Americans’rightstospeakfreelyandtobeararms

(C) thegovernment’stoleranceoflaborunionsandprogressiveorganizations

(D) the lack of an aristocracy and the availability of frontier land

(E) mandatory public education

63. Whichofthefollowingchangesinwestwardmigra-tionoccurredin1848?

(A) ThenumberofpioneersheadedfortheOregonterritory decreased while the number headed forCaliforniagreatlyincreased.

(B) Thefirstgreatwaveofmigrationended,andthenumberofmigrantsremainedextremelylowuntilaftertheCivilWar.

(C) Forthefirsttime,pioneersbegantosettleareaswest of the Mississippi River.

(D) Largenumbersoffreeblacks,unwelcomeintheEast,begantoresettleintheWest.

(E) Thegovernmentbegantoenforcequotaslimitingthenumberofpeoplewhocouldmigrateeachyear.

64. Thefreesilvercampaignof1896receivedits greatestpopularsupportfrom

(A) NewEnglandbusinessmen,whowerediscriminatedagainstundertheexistingbankingsystem

(B) Southernwomen,whoincorporateditintoalargercampaignforeconomicequality

(C) bankers, who had run out of paper currency to invest

(D) goldminers,whostoodtoprofitfromthemovement’s success

(E) farmers,whohopedthatamoregenerousmoney supply would ease their debt burdens

65. TheUnitedStatestookcontrolofthePhilippinesin1898

(A) bypurchasingitfromChina(B) asaresultoftheSpanish-AmericanWar(C) afterconqueringtheautonomousPhilippine

government(D) whenJapanexchangeditforapromiseofnon-

aggression(E) as the leader of a multinational coalition called

in to suppress a revolution there

“Freespeechwouldnotprotectamanfalselyshoutingfireinatheaterandcausingpanic.”

66. Theexcerptaboveisfroma1919SupremeCourtrulingprohibitingspeechthatrepresenteda“clearandpresentdanger.”Thedefendantinthecasehad

(A) givenaspeechurgingblackresidentsofChicagotodemandequalrights

(B) writtenamagazinearticleinsupportoftheRussian revolution

(C) sentletterstomilitarydrafteesarguingthatconscriptionwasillegal

(D) givenaspeechsuggestingthatTexasshouldbereturnedtoMexico

(E) postedfliersdenouncingadepartmentstoreinSt. Louis


Section I


Section I

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

Percent of U.S. population completing high schooland college

per

cen

t of

pop

ula

tion

1945

1950

1955

1960

1965

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

High school graduates

College graduates

67. Whichofthefollowingbestaccountsforthetrendillustrated in the chart above?

(A) Increasedaffluencebeginninginthepostwarera allowed people the opportunity to stay in schoollonger.

(B) TheSupremeCourtdecisionBrown v. the Board of Education led to increased enrollment in collegesanduniversities.

(C) Duringthe1960s,increasingnumbersofhighschoolgraduatesrejectedthenotionthatacollegeeducationwasdesirable.

(D) Thefirststatepassedacompulsoryeducationlawin1946,andothersquicklyfollowed.

(E) Jobs in advanced technical and medical industriesgenerallyrequirepostgraduatedegrees.

68. The1968GeorgeWallacepresidentialcampaignontheAmericanIndependenceticketprobablyhelpedRichardNixonwintheelectionbecause

(A) Wallace’sracismdirectedvoters’attentionawayfromtheWatergatescandal

(B) WallacewonseveraltraditionallyDemocraticSouthern states

(C) Wallace’sparticipationsenttheelectiontotheHouseofRepresentatives,whereNixonwasmore popular

(D) inthefinalweek,WallacewithdrewfromtheraceandthrewhissupporttoNixon

(E) WallaceandHumphrey,theDemocraticcandidate, held similar views on all the major issues

69. TheEnglishcolonistswhosettledVirginiaandtheneighboringIndiantribeshadwidelydifferentat-titudesaboutallofthefollowingsubjectsEXCEPT

(A) whether property could be privately owned(B) whattypeofworkwasappropriateformen

and women(C) thesuperiorityofEnglishsocietyoverIndian

culture(D) thecentralityofreligionindailylife(E) the means by which leaders should receive and

exercisepower

70. PuritanemigrationfromEnglandcametoanear-haltbetweentheyears1649and1660because,dur-ingthatperiod,

(A) mostEnglishPuritanswereimprisonedforheresy

(B) mostPuritansconvertedtoCatholicism(C) theNewEnglandsettlementhadbecome

tooovercrowded,andcoloniallegislaturesstronglydiscouragedimmigration

(D) thePuritanscontrolledtheEnglishgovernment(E) ParliamentoutlawedtraveltotheNewWorld

71. TheMonroeDoctrinestatedthattheUnitedStateshadlegitimatereasontofearEuropeaninterventionintheWesternHemispherebecause

(A) Europe’s militaries were considerably more powerfulthanthoseoftheUnitedStates

(B) theoverpopulationofEuropemadefutureincursionsintheNewWorldarealpossibility

(C) Europe’sformsofgovernmentwerefundamentally different from those of the UnitedStatesandnewlyliberatedSouthAmerican countries

(D) theUnitedStatesanticipatedreprisalsforitsfrequent interference in European affairs

(E) theUnitedStatesultimatelyintendedtoannexalloftheWesternHemisphere


Section I


Section I

72. SupremeCourtdecisionsconcerningNativeAmeri-cansin1831and1832

(A) reinforcedtherightsofstatestoremoveNativeAmericans from disputed lands

(B) deniedthemtherighttosueinfederalcourtbutaffirmedtheirrightstolandthatwastraditionally theirs

(C) voidedprevioustreatiesbetweenNativeAmericansandtheUnitedStatesonthegroundsthatthetreatieswereunfair

(D) grantedtribesofficialstatusasforeignnations(E) ruledthatthefederalgovernmenthada

unilateralrighttorelocateNativeAmericansto lands west of the Mississippi

73. Inthe1830s,Southernstatespassedanumberoflawsregardingthebehavioroffreeblacks.Theselaws were intended to

(A) encouragefreeblackstomigratetotheNorth(B) imposeauniformprocedureregardingthe

retrievaloffugitiveslaves(C) increase the pool of available black skilled

laborersinthegrowingSoutherneconomy(D) guaranteetherightsoffreeblackstraveling

throughslavestates(E) createanofficialsetofguidelinesconcerning

“acceptable”treatmentofslaves

74. BywhatmeansdidtheUnitedStatestakeposses-sionoftheOregonTerritory?

(A) TheUnitedStateswasgrantedtheterritoryinapostwar treaty with France.

(B) TheUnitedStatesboughtitfromtheNativeAmericans who lived there.

(C) U.S.settlerswerethefirsttoarriveintheregion;theyclaimeditfortheircountry.

(D) GreatBritaincededittotheUnitedStatesaspartofanegotiatedtreaty.

(E) TheFrenchsoldittotheUnitedStatesaspartof the Louisiana Purchase.

75. WhichofthefollowingwastheintendedresultoftheDawesSeveraltyActof1887?

(A) Railroad companies would be persuaded to stopunfairpricingthroughanumberofgovernmentincentives.

(B) RecentlyarrivedEuropeanimmigrantswouldbeenticedintosettlinginthelesspopulatedWest.

(C) Legislatorswouldbelesslikelytoacceptbribesbecause of the severity of the penalty.

(D) Southernstatelegislatureswouldbemotivatedto strike racist laws from their books in returnforgreaterfederalaid.

(E) NativeAmericanswouldbecoaxedoffreservationsbylandgrantsandwouldthusassimilateintoWesternculture.

76. DuringthedecadefollowingpassageoftheSher-man Antitrust Act, most courts applied the rule to break up

(A) railroad monopolies(B) utilitycompanies(C) telegraphcartels(D) labor unions(E) political machines

77. Theterm“welfarecapitalism”referstothecorpo-rate practice of

(A) providingsocialservicesfortheunemployedpoor who live near a factory

(B) offeringworkersincentives,suchaspensionsandprofitsharing,todissuadethemfromjoiningunions

(C) marketingonlytothosepotentialcustomerswho earn considerably below the national averagewage

(D) raisingpricesinstoreswheneverAFDCchecksare sent

(E) sellinginventoriestothegovernmentathighlyinflatedprices


Section ISection I

78. TheUnderwood-SimmonsTariffof1913was endorsed by

(A) opponents of Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal(B) mostDemocratswhoadvocatedlowerduties(C) supportersofTeddyRoosevelt’sNew

Nationalism(D) opponentsofWoodrowWilson(E) conservativeDemocratswhoadvocatedhigh

protective tariffs

79. TheAgriculturalAdjustmentActof1933soughttolessen the effects of the Depression by

(A) payingfarmerstocutproductionand,insomecases, destroy crops

(B) purchasingfarmsandturningthemintogovernmentcollectives

(C) institutinganearlyretirementprogramforfarmersovertheageof50

(D) encouragingfarmerstoincreaseproduction(E) subsidizingfoodprocessingplantsinorderto

lower food prices

80. Duringthe1960s,theStudentNonviolentCoor-dinatingCommittee(SNCC)shifteditspoliticalagendainwhichofthefollowingways?

(A) Althoughitstartedasananti-warorganization,bythemid-1960stheSNCCwassolelypursuingacivilrightsagenda.

(B) TheSNCC,initiallyaChristianorganization,officiallyallieditselfwiththeNationofIslamin1963.

(C) Althoughinitiallyintegrationist,by1966theSNCCadvocatedblackseparatism.

(D) TheSNCCoriginallyconcerneditselfexclusivelywithpoliticalissuesoncollegecampuses;overtheyears,theorganizationbroadeneditsagenda.

(E) TheSNCCinitiallysoughttoachieveitsgoalsthroughlitigation;later,itpursueditsagendathroughpeacefuldemonstrations.

End of SEction i


Section I

Go on to tHE nEXt PAGE.

Section II

UNITED STATES HISToRySECTIoN II

Total time—130 minutes

Part A: Document-Based Essay Question

(Suggestedwritingtime—45minutes.Thisquestioncountsfor45percentofthetotalessaysectionscore.)

Directions: ThefollowingquestionrequiresyoutoconstructacoherentessaythatintegratesyourinterpretationofDocumentsA–Iandyourknowledgeoftheperiodreferredtointhequestion.Highscoreswillbeearnedonlybyessaysthatbothcitekeypiecesofevidencefromthedocumentsanddrawonoutsideknowledgeoftheperiod.

1. WhenWorldWarIbrokeout,theUnitedStatesdeclareditspolicyofneutrality.TowhatextentdidtheUnitedStatesfollowapolicyofneutralitybetween1914and1917?

Usethedocumentsandyourknowledgeoftheeratoconstructyourresponse.

Document A

Source:PresidentWoodrowWilson,messagetoCongress(August19,1914)

TheeffectofthewarupontheUnitedStateswilldependuponwhatAmericancitizenssayanddo.Everymanwho really loves America will act and speak in the true spirit of neutrality, which is the spirit of impartiality and fairness and friendliness to all concerned.

ThepeopleoftheUnitedStatesaredrawnfrommanynations,andchieflyfromthenationsnowatwar.Itisnatu-ralandinevitablethatthereshouldbetheutmostvarietyofsympathyanddesireamongthemwithregardtotheissuesandcircumstancesoftheconflict.

Suchdivisionsamongstuswouldbefataltoourpeaceofmindandmightseriouslystandinthewayoftheproperperformanceofourdutyastheonegreatnationatpeace,theonepeopleholdingitselfreadytoplayapartofim-partial mediation and speak the counsels of peace and accommodation, not as a partisan, but as a friend.


Section I


Section II

Document B

Source:HugoMunsterberg,HarvardUniversityprofessor,lettertoWoodrowWilson(November19,1914)

Dear Mr. President:

[I]askyourpermissiontoenterintosomedetailwithregardtotheneutralityquestion.Butletmeassureyoube-forehandthatIinterpretyourinquiryasreferringexclusivelytotheviewswhichareexpressedtomebyAmericancitizenswhosympathizewiththeGermancauseorwhoaredisturbedbythevehementhostilitytoGermanyonthepartoftheAmericanpress.MyremarksreferinnowaytotheviewsofofficialGermany…

First, all cables sent by and received by wire pass uncensored, while all wireless news is censored. This reacts againstGermany,becauseEnglandsendsallhernewsbycable,whereasGermanyaloneusesthewireless…

Second,thepolicyoftheadministrationwithregardtotheholdingup,detainingandsearchingofGermansandAustriansfromneutralandAmericanvesselsisareversaloftheAmericanpolicyestablishedin1812.Ithasexcitedno end of bitterness.

Third,theUnitedStatespermittedtheviolationbyEnglandoftheHagueConventionandinternationallawinconnectionwithconditionalandunconditionalcontraband.…[O]nformeroccasionstheUnitedStateshastakenaspiritedstandagainstone-sidedinterpretationsofinternationalagreements.TheUnitedStates,moreover,[previ-ously]insistedthatconditionalcontrabandcanbesentinneutralorinAmerican[ships]eventobelligerentnations,provideditwasnotconsignedtothegovernment,themilitaryornavalauthorities…Bypermittingthisnewinter-pretationtheUnitedStatespracticallysupportsthestarvingoutpolicyoftheAllies[andseriouslyhandicapping]GermanyandAustriaintheirfightforexistence…

Manyofthecomplaintsrefermoretotheunfriendlyspiritthantotheactualviolationofthelaw.Hereaboveallbelongstheunlimitedsaleofammunitiontothebelligerents…

Document C

Source:RobertLansing,War Memoirs(1935)

Theauthorwasactingsecretaryofstateduringtheperioddescribedbelow.

TheBritishauthorities…proceededwiththeirpolicy[ofblockadingAmericanshipsheadedformainlandEurope]regardlessofprotestsandcomplaints.Neutralshipswereinterceptedand,withoutbeingboardedorexaminedatsea,senttoaBritishport,wheretheircargoeswereexaminedafterdelays,whichnotinfrequentlylastedforweeks.Evenavesselwhichwasfinallypermittedtoproceedonhervoyagewasoftendetainedsolongatimethattheprofitstotheownersorchartererswereeatenupbytheadditionalexpensesoflyinginportandbythelossoftheuseofthevesselsduringtheperiodofdetention.


Section I


Section II

Document D

Source:SecretaryofStateWilliamJenningsBryan,lettertotheChairmanoftheSenateCommitteeonForeignRela-tions(January20,1915)

Dear Mr. Stone:

Ihavereceivedyourletter…referringtofrequentcomplaintsorchargesmade…thatthisGovernmenthasshownpartialitytoGreatBritain,France,andRussiaagainstGermanyandAustriaduringthepresentwar…Iwilltakethem up…

(1) Freedomofcommunicationbysubmarinecablesversuscensoredcommunicationbywireless.

Thereasonthatwirelessmessagesandcablemessagesrequiredifferenttreatmentbyaneutralgovernmentisasfollows:Communicationsbywirelesscannotbeinterruptedbyabelligerent.Withasubmarinecableitisotherwise.Thepossibilityofcuttingthecableexists…Sinceacableissubjecttohostileattack,theresponsibil-ityfallsuponthebelligerentandnotupontheneutraltopreventcablecommunication.

Amoreimportantreason,however,atleastfromthepointofviewofaneutralgovernmentisthatmessagessentoutfromawirelessstationinneutralterritorymaybereceivedbybelligerentwarshipsonthehighseas.Ifthesemessages…directthemovementsofwarships…theneutralterritorybecomesabaseofnavalopera-tions, to permit which would be essentially unneutral.

(4) SubmissionwithoutprotesttoBritishviolationsoftherulesregardingabsoluteandconditionalcontrabandaslaiddownintheHagueconventions,theDeclarationofLondon,andinternationallaw.

ThereisnoHagueconventionwhichdealswithabsoluteorconditionalcontraband,and,astheDeclarationofLondonisnotinforce,therulesofinternationallawonlyapply.Astothearticlestoberegardedascontra-band,thereisnogeneralagreementbetweennations…

TheUnitedStateshasmadeearnestrepresentationstoGreatBritaininregardtotheseizureanddetentionbytheBritishauthoritiesofallAmericanships…Itwillberecalled,however,thatAmericancourtshaveestab-lishedvariousrulesbearingonthesematters.

(9) TheUnitedStateshasnotinterferedwiththesaletoGreatBritainandheralliesofarms,ammunition,horses,uniforms,andothermunitionsofwar,althoughsuchsalesprolongtheconflict.

ThereisnopowerintheExecutivetopreventthesaleofammunitiontothebelligerents.

The duty of a neutral to restrict trade in munitions of war has never been imposed by international law…

(20) GeneralunfriendlyattitudeofGovernmenttowardGermanyandAustria.IfanyAmericancitizens,parti-sansofGermanyandAustria-Hungary,feelthatthisadministrationisactinginawayinjurioustothecauseofthosecountries,thisfeelingresultsfromthefactthatonthehighseastheGermanandAustro-HungariannavalpoweristhusfarinferiortotheBritish.Itisthebusinessofabelligerentoperatingonthehighseas,notthedutyofaneutral,topreventcontrabandfromreachinganenemy…

Iam[etc.]

W.J.Bryan


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Section II

Document E

Source: New York Times,notice(May1,1915)

NOTICE!

TRAVELLERSintendingtoembarkontheAtlanticvoyageareremindedthatastateofwarexistsbetweenGer-manyandherallies;thatthezoneofherwatersincludesthewatersadjacenttotheBritishIsles;that,inaccordancewithformalnoticegivenbytheImperialGermanGovernment,vesselsflyingtheflagofGreatBritain,orofanyofherallies,areliabletodestructioninthosewatersandthattravellerssailinginthewarzoneonshipsofGreatBritainorheralliesdosoattheirownrisk.

IMPERIALGERMANEMBASSY

Document F

Source:ReportfromtheAmericanCustomsInspectorinNewYork(1915)

Q: Did the Lusitania haveonboardonsaidtrip5400casesofammunition?Ifso,towhomweretheyconsigned?

A: The Lusitaniahadonboard,onsaidtrip,5468casesofammunition.TheRemingtonArms-UnionMetallicCar-tridgeCo.shipped4200casesofmetalliccartridges,consignedtotheRemingtonArmsCo.,London,ofwhichtheultimateconsigneewastheBritishGovernment.G.W.Sheldon&Co.shippedthreelotsoffusesof6caseseach,and1250casesofshrapnel,consignedtotheDeputyDirectorofAmmunitionStores,Woolwich,England.


Section I


Section II

Document G

Source:WoodrowWilson,speechtoCongress(March24,1916)

…Ihavedeemeditmyduty,therefore,tosaytotheImperialGermanGovernment,thatifitisstillitspurposetoprosecuterelentlessandindiscriminatewarfareagainstvesselsofcommercebytheuseofsubmarines,notwith-standingthenowdemonstratedimpossibilityofconductingthatwarfareinaccordancewithwhattheGovern-mentoftheUnitedStatesmustconsiderthesacredandindisputablerulesofinternationallawandtheuniversallyrecognizeddictatesofhumanity,theGovernmentoftheUnitedStatesisatlastforcedtotheconclusionthatthereisbutonecourseitcanpursue;andthatunlesstheImperialGermanGovernmentshouldnowimmediatelydeclareandeffectanabandonmentofitspresentmethodsofwarfareagainstpassengerandfreightcarryingvessels,thisGovernmentcanhavenochoicebuttoseverdiplomaticrelationswiththeGovernmentoftheGermanEmpirealtogether.

ThisdecisionIhavearrivedatwiththekeenestregret;thepossibilityoftheactioncontemplatedIamsureallthoughtfulAmericanswilllookforwardtowithunaffectedreluctance.Butwecannotforgetthatweareinsomesortandbytheforceofcircumstancestheresponsiblespokesmenoftherightsofhumanity,andthatwecannotremainsilentwhilethoserightsseeminprocessofbeingsweptutterlyawayinthemaelstromofthisterriblewar.Weoweittoadueregardtoourownrightsasanation,tooursenseofdutyasarepresentativeoftherightsofneutralstheworldover,andtoajustconceptionoftherightsofmankindtotakethisstandnowwiththeutmostsolemnityandfirmness…

Document H

Source:ArthurZimmerman,confidentialtelegramtoGermanAmbassadorJohannvonBernstoff(January1917)

OnthefirstofFebruaryweintendtobeginunrestrictedsubmarinewarfare.Inspiteofthis,itisourintentiontoendeavortokeeptheUnitedStatesofAmericaneutral.

Ifthisattemptisnotsuccessful,weproposeanalliancewithMexico,onthefollowingterms:thatweshallmakewartogetherandtogethermakepeace.Weshallgivegeneralfinancialsupport,anditisunderstoodthatMexicoistoreconquerthelostterritoryinNewMexico,Texas,andArizona.Thedetailsarelefttoyouregardingsettlement.

YouareinstructedtoinformthePresidentofMexicooftheaboveinthegreatestconfidenceassoonastheoutbreakofwarwiththeUnitedStatesiscertain.YouwillalsosuggestthatJapanberequestedtotakepartatonceandthathe also mediate between ourselves and Japan.

PleasecalltotheattentionofthePresidentofMexicothattheemploymentofruthlesssubmarinewarfarenowpromisestocompelEnglandtomakepeaceinafewmonths.

ForeignMinisterZimmerman


Section I

Go on to tHE nEXt PAGE.

Section II

Document I

Source: Des Moines Register,1917

The Python


Section ISection II

UNITED STATES HISToRySECTIoN II

Parts B and C: Standard Essay Questions

(Suggestedwritingtime—70minutes.Thesequestionscountfor55percentofthetotalessaysectionscore.)

Part B

Directions:ChooseONEquestionfromthispart.Youareadvisedtospendfiveminutesplanningand30minuteswritingyourresponse.Citerelevantevidenceinsupportofyourgeneralizationsandpresentyourargumentsclearlyandlogically.

2. DiscussanyTWOofthefollowingastheypertaintoself-governmentintheNewEnglandsettlementspriorto1650:

Constitutionalism Democracy Freedomofreligion

3. Fortheperiodbetween1844andtheCivilWar,evaluatetheimpactofslaveryasapoliticalissueonanyTHREEofthefollowingparties:

Democratic Party Free-SoilParty Know-Nothings(AmericanParty) Republican Party WhigParty

Part C

Directions: ChooseONEquestionfromthispart.Youareadvisedtospendfiveminutesplanningand30minuteswritingyourresponse.Citerelevantevidenceinsupportofyourgeneralizationsandpresentyourargumentsclearlyandlogically.

4. AnalyzethereasonsforthepopularityoftheProgressivemovementduringthefirsttwodecadesofthetwentieth century.

5. DiscusstheroleofcollectivesecurityindeterminingU.S.foreignpolicyinthelatetwentiethcentury.TowhatextentwasthisacontinuationofordeparturefromU.S.foreignpolicyearlierinthecentury?Discusstwoofthefollowingalliancesinyourresponse:

TheUN NATO SEATO

StoP

End of EXAm

AP United States History Exam

Documents

Transcript of AP United States History Exam