AP Italian Renaissance

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The Italian The Italian Renaissance Renaissance

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Transcript of AP Italian Renaissance

Page 1: AP Italian Renaissance

The Italian The Italian RenaissanceRenaissance

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Bell Ringer

The word “Renaissance” means:a. Floweringb. Geniusc. Eruptiond. New daye. Rebirth

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Defining the Renaissance

Renaissance = “rebirth” 1375-1600 Italian Renaissance - the period of

great cultural change and achievement in European history that began in Italy and spread to the rest of Europe

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Characteristics of the Renaissance

1. Secularism Renaissance Italy - mostly

an urban societyo Powerful city-states became

centers of Italian political, economic & social life

o Result - an emergence of secular, or worldly, society as increased wealth created new enjoyment of material things

Map pg 285

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Characteristics (cont.)

2. Humanismo cultural and educational reform, engaged

in by scholars, writers, and civic leaderso Studia Humanitatis - studied grammar

rhetoric, poetry, moral philosophy & history (the humanities)

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Humanism (cont.)

o Petrarch - Father of Italian Renaissance humanism

o Stressed:o Intellecto Civic involvement

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Humanism (cont.)

Revival of Classicism/Greek & Roman Antiquityo Educational reforms guided by ideals of useful

education & becoming a well-rounded persono Florentine “Academy” (La Academia) —not a

formal school, but gathering of influential Florentine humanists devoted to reviving Plato & the Neoplatonists

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Characteristics (cont.)

3. Individualismo Emphasis on individual abilityo High regard for human wortho Realization of what individuals could

achieveo Outward expression – artists signed work

for first time

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Characteristics (cont.)

4. SkepticismoRenaissance Era – also the beginning of the

Scientific RevolutionoQuestion everything!

o Begins w/ artso Then gov’to Then Church (eventually leads to Reformation)

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Renaissance Geo-Political Life

Italian City-Stateso No central, unified monarchical state o Lack of single strong ruler - easy for C-S

to remain independento Milano Venice expanded & played

criticalo Florence roles in Italian politicso Papal Stateso Naples

o Prospered in terms of trade (merchant oligarchies = powerful)

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Milan (Milano)

o Visconti Family - dukes of Milan/ Lombardio Viscontis died off - Sforzas conquered o Sforza -

o Efficient tax system = large state revenueso hired mercenaries (soldiers who sold their services)

• Pair & Share: • What would be 1 advantage & 1 disadvantage of

hiring mercenaries?

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Venice (Venezia)

o Link btwn. Asia & W. Europe = profitable trade empire & international power

o Officially a republic w/ elected leadero Realistically run by small group of

wealthy merchant aristocrats who ran gov’t for own benefit

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Florence (Firenze)

o Powerhouse of Tuscanyo de Medici Family

o Bankers (“God’s Bankers”)o Used power, wealth, & personal influence to

make Florence the cultural center of Italyo Birthplace of the Renaissance

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Politics in Renaissance Italy

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Medieval View of Gov’t

Theory:

o human nature = sinfuloGov’t = provide justice, law & orderoRuler = conduct self w/ high Christian

standards

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Machiavelli & The Prince

How to:oGain, maintain & increase power

Ruler - “cunning of a fox w/ ferocity of a lion”

Human nature = selfish & out to advance own interestsoResult – ruler can manipulate the people

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Loved or Feared?

Ideal = both Safer = feared

“The ends justify the means”– What does Machiavelli mean by this? – Come up with an example– Discuss w/ partner – 1 minute

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Florence

Piero de Medici vs. Girolamo Savonarola– Savonarola wins– Piero de Medici = exiled

Piero de Medici

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Savonarola Rules

Dominican Friar with “visions”– Predicted Florence would fall– Divine punishment for immorality

Anti-pope Theocracy – 4 years Arrested & executed

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Girolama Savonorala Execution of Savonarola

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Closure

With a partner, name and explain the 4 characteristics of the Renaissance.

2 minutes