AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHYHow to do an FRQ - Basics

FORMAT: ANSWER IN THE SAME WAY

AS IT IS ASKED

KNOW YOUR

VOCABULARY TERMS

Define: Chain Migration

Is a term used by scholars to refer to the social

process by which migrants from a particular

town communicate with and follow others from

that town to a particular destination.

Once migration starts subsequent migrants will

follow earlier migrants after communicating

VOCABULARY

Might be the question or the answer

• Youth dependency

ratio

• Social safety net

• Literacy rate

• Stage 1,2,3,4

• CBR and CDR

• NIR

USE THE FULL TERM

THE FIRST TIME

In general, when using terms, avoid the abbreviation the first time. Say Crude

Birth Rate (CBR) and then CBR later on when writing your answer

• Youth dependency

ratio

• Social safety net

• Literacy rate

• Stage 1,2,3,4

• CBR and CDR

• NIR

SEE A TERM OR CONCEPT,

SHOW YOU KNOW WHAT IT MEANS

Does not state that

you need to explain

the demographic

transition but your

answer should show

you know how it works

Might be better to just

directly state how the

demographic

transition works

NOT AN ESSAY

Be clear and write in sentences

Explain fully

Repeat yourself if necessary

Note: They do not tell you how

many points each question is

worth (see example)

What if you only say two things

(score)

TRYING TO HIT A TARGET

Write for the rubric

Use terms and answers that are

likely to be on the rubric

Write with the idea that you need

to say enough to ensure you hit

what is on the rubric

A simple rubric does not help you.

It means you have to try and hit

those words in the time you have

Specific details help and should

be used when applicable

TRYING TO HIT A TARGET

Write for the rubric

Use terms and answers that are

likely to be on the rubric

Write with the idea that you need

to say enough to ensure you hit

what is on the rubric

A simple rubric does not help you.

It means you have to try and hit

those words in the time you have

Specific details help and should

be used when applicable

EXAMPLE – GIVE POINTS WHEN YOU

HIT WHAT IS ON THE RUBRIC

Maquiladoras are near roads and rail lines for

transporting goods. They pollute because the laws

are lax in Mexico and that saves them money. And

Mexico is a stable country which why they go there.

They also are often foreign owned by TNCs from

America or Japan. They put their factories there so

they can save money on wages paid to workers.

They export their goods to America. Usually the

goods are assembled products like cars.

USE GRAPHS,

PICTURES AND

QUESTIONS

What’s in the graph and what is

not?

They decided what went

into the image

Every item in the graph to

the left is an answer

The question below hints at

answer

KNOW YOUR

VOCABULARY, IDEAS

AND HOW THEY CAN

BE USED

Social / Cultural

Economic

Environmental

Political

OTHER HINTS

Do the questions in the order

you want

Write notes to yourself in the

margins

When asked for 2 or 3 write

down a list and choose the

best (vocabulary, obvious,

recalled from a source)

Use pictures, charts or graphs

BE OBVIOUS WITH ANSWERS

BRANDT’S LINE EXCEPTIONS – YOUR ESSAYS AS EXAMPLE

Go with the most obvious

answers that they cannot deny

South?

North?

Note: You must know this line in

order to get a correct answer.

And you must know your

regional trends and exceptions

to get this.

DO NOT FREEZE - THINK

What other hints can you use?

How do you get ready for this during the year?

Cycle through what you know

This kind of question should affecthow you study and then know ofpossible answers

What has happened and what has not happened can be answers

WRITING

Use the specific term first and make sure it is

clear what you are referencing

Write what you know and try and hit the rubric

(how?)

Clarity matters

Do not worry about style. Think about clarity.

They do not take away points. They give points

when you hit a target. Rubric should affect

how you write.

Use your 25 minutes

3 ESSAYS – 75 MINUTES

YOUR ESSAY

The rest of the PowerPoint covers how to study for your first essays

MEASURES OF DEVELOPMENT

What are measures of development?

Which ones go with HDI?

How can we categorize measures of development?

(examples for each)

What are the trends of development and what are the

exceptions?

For GII, how does that work and how would we categorize it

What are the trends with gender and how does gender

inequality affect countries

FIRST ESSAYS

Brandt’s Line / Roughly 30

degreed N line of latitude

Wallerstein

HDI - Define

GII -Define

Other measures of development

Review your Development

PowerPoint!!!!!!!

KNOW YOUR INDICATORS

HDI Life Exp, Years of schooling and expected, GNI

per capita

Other indicators of development by category

Economic: GDP, GNI, per capita, job sectors, consumer

goods, productivity

Demographic: CBR, TFR, NIR, population structure, median

age, IMR, AFR, MMR

Social: Education and Literacy, access to health care like

doctors per 1000, health expenditure

KNOW YOUR REGIONAL TRENDS

Americas

• Anglo-America is the

wealthiest

• Southern South

America is the

wealthiest of South

America / Chile does

the best per capita in

South America

• Haiti is the poorest

• Central America is

poor

• Bolivia is poor and

landlocked

• Venezuela has

recently gone trough

a sharp decline

KNOW YOUR REGIONAL

TRENDS

Asia

• Asian Tigers are wealthy and

developed early (South Korea,

Hong Kong, Taiwan and

Singapore) South Korea, Taiwan

are good examples of

development below the Brandt

Line. Singapore developed

through trade (entrepot) and

South Korea through steel

production to more 3rd sector jobs

• India and China have uneven

development (India is worse)

• Southeast Asia is less developed

but has fast growing economies

like Vietnam

• Japan is an original core country

and above the Brandt Line

KNOW YOUR REGIONAL

TRENDS

Europe

• Western and Northern Europe

have the strongest countries

• Eastern Europe has the weakest

countries (especially as you go

further east and away from the

western markets). Ukraine and

Albania are poor countries

because were communist

• Some Eastern European countries

like Poland have joined the EU

and have gained some wealth

• Japan is an original core country

and above the Brandt Line

KNOW YOUR REGIONAL

TRENDS

Middle East and Central Aisa

• Israel is an MDC

• Saudi Arabia used its oil wealth

to develop

• Syria, Iraq, Yemen and

Afghanistan have been too

unstable to develop

• Many central Asian countries are

landlocked and have had a

hard time developing (also were

once part of USSR)

KNOW YOUR REGIONAL

TRENDS

Africa

• Northern Africa does better that

much of sub-Saharan Africa

• South Africa is the most

developed but has uneven

development

• Central Africa has many

landlocked and LDCs

• DR Congo, Sudan as well as

Libya and Egypt and other

countries have had stability issues

• Nigeria is the most populous

HDI – USING GIS TO SEE IT

GII MAP – WHAT ARE THE PARTS AND

WHAT ARE THE UNUSUAL COUNTRIES

GII – GENDER INEQUALITY INDEX (SCORE

CLOSER TO 1 EQUALS INEQUALITY) / NOT A

MEASURE OF DEVELOPMENT

Economic Labor market participation

Demographic AFR, MMR

Political Seats in parliament / congress

1970 CORE AND PERIPHERY

CORE PERIPHERY TRAITS –REVIEW

WALLERSTEIN, IN THE DEVELOPMENT PPT

Structure

Traits

Vocabulary

A little history

Where are they on the map (be able to

identify)