“What Works for Youths in Employment Services?”...Labour Demand by Skill Type and Sector by...
Transcript of “What Works for Youths in Employment Services?”...Labour Demand by Skill Type and Sector by...
Theme I: Reaching out to young job seekers through innovative technology and
public/private partnerships
“What Works for Youths in Employment Services?”
25 -26 September, 2014 Geneva, Switzerland
National Employment Agency
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Content
1. Cambodian Youth Profile
2. Youth Labour Market Challenges
3. Reaching out to young job seekers
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1. Cambodian Youth Profile
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Cambodian Population by Age Group; 2008, 2013, 2018, &2023
33.8 30.1 28.5 27.7
22.3 22.5 19.8 16.7
14.4 17.7 18.6
19.1
25.3 25.4 28.1 30.8
4.3 4.4 5.0 5.7
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2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2008 2013 2018 2023
Mill
ion
s
0-14 15-24 25-34 35-64 65+ Total population- right axis
Source: Cambodia Population Projection (NIS,2011) 4
36.0 34.3 29.7 25.1
23.2 27.0 28.0
28.6
40.9 38.7 42.2 46.2
-
2
4
6
8
10
12
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2008 2013 2018 2023
Mill
ion
s
15-24 25-34 35-64 Total WAP- Right axis
Cambodian Working Age Population by Age Group; 2008, 2013, 2018, &2023
Source: Cambodia Population Projection (NIS,2011)
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Population by level of completed education and group age, 2013
Source: Cambodian Inter Censal Population Survey (NIS, 2013)
1.0 1.7 3.4
22.3 22.3
37.9
41.4 32.5
29.3
32.6
30.7
22.8
2.5
9.7 3.2
0.2 3.1 3.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
15-19 20-24 25+
Post-secondaryeducation
Upper secondarycompleted
Lower secondarycompleted
Primary schoolcompleted
Primary school notcompleted
None or only someeducation
%
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Cohort survival rate of student by grade; 2012-2013
0100200300400500600700800900
1000
Source: EMIS 2013/2014
• Low cohort survival rate of schooling decreases significantly during primary education and even shaper at lower secondary • Low (expected) marginal returns on education
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Reasons for not attending school among persons 6-17 years of age who are not attending school, 2012
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Other
No suitable school available/school is too far - Noteacher/Supplies
Due to disability - Due to long term illness (over 3months)
Must help with household chores
Did not do well in school
Too poor
Don’t want to
Too young
Must contribute to household income
Source: CSES (NIS,2012)
% 8
Unemployment rate by age group, 2012
0123456789
1011
15+ 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65+
Cambodia
Urban
Rural
0
2
4
6
8
10
15+ None Primary Secondary Vocational University
Cambodia
Urban
Rural
Source: Cambodia Labor Force Survey (NIS,2012)
%
% Unemployment rate by educational level, 2012
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Labour Demand by Skill Type and Sector by QIPs, 2010-2013
36,988
322,033
9,331
15,983
384,335
38,050
174,385
10,208
5,174
227,817
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Agriculture
Industries
Services
Tourism
TOTAL
Manager Engineer Technician Supervisor Staff Skill Unskill
32,800
1,201
4,370
23,289
3,940
Source: CDC, 2014
• Demand in skill and unskilled workforce is about 95% of total demand by QIP. • Skill workforce need at least Grade 9 + C1 or C2 or C3.
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2. Youth Labour Market Challenges
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• Cambodian labour force is characterized by a large number, 25.8%
in 2008 of young and low skilled workers.
• Its labour force is around 7 million, which comprise a large number
young people.
• Based on General Population census (2008) :
22.5% (Age 15-24)
17.7% (Age 24-34) and
25.4% (Age 35-65)
• More than 250,000 new workers enter the labour force every year.
Cambodia, therefore, is and will be facing the challenge of
generating more decent job for young people.
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• Lack of proper employment, vocational, and career
guidance/counseling, particularly for youth
• High drop out rate of student before grade 9 (barrier to
enter formal TVET system and resulting in large supply of
unskilled workers)
• More difficulties in entering into labour market (including
transition from school to work) due to curriculum do not
provide the right skill set (hard and soft) that respond to
the demand of employers
• Limited access to employment service
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3. Reaching out to young job seekers
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• Measures to Improve Skills and Labor Market Have
been emphasized in the top national development
policies and strategies
Rectangular Strategy Phase III
National Strategic Development Plan (NSDP)
• Setting up of the National Employment Agency (NEA)
in the 2009 was a key moment in getting
employment, LMI and career guidance services.
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NEA
(One-Stop Service)
Employers
Jobseekers Education/
Training Providers
NEA (One-Stop Service)
Employment Service
Labor Market Information
(Designated Statistical Unit)
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• The key functions of NEA are to:
– Deliver information services to job seekers, employees, employers, skill
training providers and the public to allow them to effectively interchange
information openly and provide them the opportunities to meet one
another.
– Provide new graduates, out-of-school youth and the unemployed with
labour market information and training information.
– Offer job placement services, career guidance, employment counseling,
technical and vocational training counseling, information about
occupational health, workplace safety, skills retraining.
– Conduct researches and develop labour market information system to be
kept pace with the current and future socio-economic development.
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How can NEA reach out to young job seekers?
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Online Service:
www.nea.gov.kh
Job Centers:
To be established in all provinces
Service Options
(NEA)
Service Options
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Job Advisory
Internet Service
Library Service
Interview Office
Job Centres
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To Support Skills Development and Employment for Youth in Cambodia
2013 - 2015
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Smartphone App for registering job seekers
• Will be used by employment officers for registering job-seekers in rural areas with no, or limited access to the Internet
• The CV is registered and stored on the smartphone (tablet)
• The CV can be transferred to the NEA CV-database as soon as access to Internet is available
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An Internship Programme for young job-seekers implemented
Intern Placement
2013 67
2014 (June) 124
Total 191
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Internship Opportunity
Support to job-seekers with disabilities
• The project supported young job-seekers with disabilities with active measures based on individual needs, such as: - transportation costs - minor workplace adaptations
• Cooperated with NGOs and NCDP (National Center for Disabled Persons) to help them get employed.
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Actions to support skills development and Entrepreneurship for youth in rural areas
Entrepreneurship Training
1- Phnom Penh City 25 Participants
2- Siem Reap Province 27 Participants
3- Kampong Cham Province 24 Participants
Total 76 Participants (5 Disabled)
Soft skills and Vocational Skills Training
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Phnom Penh
Siem Reap
Kampong Cham
Youth Career Guidance Units (YCGU) – General Concept –
Youth Center • Youth Center Function
• Youth Career Guidance Center function
NEA Job Center • NEA Job Centre Function
• Youth Career Guidance Center function
The mission:
to provide information on educations and occupations as well as vocational guidance to students on various levels of the education system and to young job-seekers in general.
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Recruitment Event for the Migrant workers
from Thailand
5th August 2014 to 31st October 2014
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National/Provincial Career Fair
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Employment Forum
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Recruitment Event at
Rural Area
Mobile Job Fair
-University Student
√Employment Service Introduction
√CV, Cover letter
√Interview Guideline)
√ Labour Market Information or Job
Opportunity
- High School Student
( How to choose a right skill for university )
√Skill
√Interest
√Character
√Value
Workshop (Career Guidance)
-Career Counseling
√How to Access to labor market
√ How to maintain the job , i. e, Soft Skill
√ CV, Cover letter Guideline
√ Interview Guideline
√ And Labor Market Information
Training
√ Writing CV, Cover letter Guideline
√ Interview
√Soft Skill
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Job Net
Job Library
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(www.nea.gov.kh)