“Setting the scene: the global context”World Tourism Organization SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF...
Transcript of “Setting the scene: the global context”World Tourism Organization SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF...
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
Luigi CabriniDirector, Sustainable Development of TourismWorld Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
4th International Tourism Fair 4th International Tourism Fair -- CROTOURCROTOURSustainable Destination ManagementSustainable Destination ManagementZagreb, Croatia 25 March 2011
““Setting the scene: the global contextSetting the scene: the global context””
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
ContentsContents
◘ International Tourism Outlook ◘Destination Management◘ Indicators and Observatories◘Global Initiatives
International Tourism OutlookInternational Tourism Outlook
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
2010: Multi2010: Multi--speed recoveryspeed recoveryInternational tourist arrivals, 1995-2010*
528561
586602
626
675 675695 684
755
795
839
894913
877
935
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1995 2000 2005 2010*
mill
ion
Source: World Tourism Organization
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
2010: Multi2010: Multi--speed recoveryspeed recovery
+2.1% -4.0% +6.7%
International Tourist Arrivals, monthly evolutionWorld (% change)
Source: World Tourism Organization
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
2008 2009 2010*
+2.1% -4.0% +6.7%
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
2010: Multi2010: Multi--speed recoveryspeed recovery
International Tourist Arrivals (% change over same period of the previous year)
-5-3
-10
-4 -3
1
-2-3
-6
-3
-7
-2
3 4
-6
5 42
14 12
6
108
4
810
6 7
14
-0.1
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
Northern
Europe
Western
Europe
Central/
Eastern
Europe
Souther
n/Medi
ter. Eu.
North-East
AsiaSout
h-East
AsiaOcea
niaSout
h Asia
North Americ
aCarib
bean
Central
America
South A
merica
North Afric
aSub-
Saharan
Africa
Middle E
ast
09*/08 2010*
Source: World Tourism Organization
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
Confidence confirmedConfidence confirmed
UNWTO Panel of Tourism Experts
Better
Equal
Worse25
50
75
100
125
150
175
T1 T2'03
T3 T1 T2'04
T3 T1 T2'05
T3 T1 T2'06
T3 T1 T2'07
T3 T1 T2'08
T3 T1 T2'09
T3 T1 T2'10
T3 T1 T2'11
T3
Prospects
Evaluation
Source: World Tourism Organization
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
Forecast 2011: 4% to 5%
chan
ge(%
)
Outlook 2011Outlook 2011
International Tourist Arrivals
8,0
-0,1
3,0
-1,6
10,3
5,4 5,56,6
-4,0
2,1
6,7
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010* 2011*
Source: World Tourism Organization
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
2010 Forecast 2011
World +6.7% 4% to 5%
Europe +3.2% 2% to 4%
Asia and the Pacific +12.6% 7% to 9%
Americas +7.7% 4% to 6%
Africa +6.4% 4% to 7%
Middle East +13.9% 7% to 10%
International Tourism 2011 International Tourism 2011 ––ForecastForecast
Source: World Tourism Organization
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
1.0 bn
877 mn
1.6 bn
534 mn
Source: UNWTO
935 mn
Actual Trend vs. Tourism 2020 Vision Forecast Actual Trend vs. Tourism 2020 Vision Forecast -- WorldWorldInternational Tourist Arrivals
0
200
400600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
millio
n
Tourism 2020 Vision forecastActual 1995-2010*
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
International tourist arrivals and receipts and market share (%)International Tourist Arrivals (ITA), 2010*
935 millionInternational Tourism Receipts (ITR), 2009*
US$ 852 billion
AmericasITA: 151 million (16%)ITR: US$ 165 billion (19%)
AfricaITA: 49 million (5%)ITR: US$ 29 billion (3%)
EuropeITA: 472 million (50%)ITR: US$ 413 billion (49%)
Middle EastITA: 60 million (6%)ITR: US$ 41 bn (5%)
Asia and the PacificITA: 204 million (22%)ITR: US$ 204 billion (24%)
International TourismInternational Tourism
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
Growth driven by emerging economiesGrowth driven by emerging economiesInternational tourist arrivals by country of destination
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010*
shar
e (%
)
advanced economiesemerging economies
Source: World Tourism Organization
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
3.3 2.6
2.00.2 0.5 0.9
5.4 5.3
7.9
1.6 1.5
8.1
10.9
15.1
11.3
1.5
4.9
8.1
10.6
3.2
8.98.1
1.3 -2.1-4.8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Wor
ldM
edite
rrane
anPo
rtuga
lSp
ainAn
dorra
Fran
ce Italy
Malt
aSl
oven
iaCr
oatia
Bosn
ia &
Her
zgFY
R M
aced
onia
Gree
ceBu
lgaria
Turk
eyCy
prus
Syria
Leba
non
Israe
lPa
lestin
eJo
rdan
Egyp
tTu
nisia
Alge
riaM
oroc
co
Aver
age
grow
th ra
te (%
)International tourism around the MediterraneanInternational tourism around the Mediterranean
Average growth rate 2000 Average growth rate 2000 -- 20102010
Source: World Tourism Organization
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010*
mill
ion
International Tourist Arrivals (mn)International Tourism Receipts (euro bn)
CroatiaCroatiaInternational tourist, 1992 – 2009*
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010*
mill
ion
Yugoslav SFRCroatiaSloveniaSerbia & MontenegroMontenegroSerbiaBosnia & HerzgF.Yug.Rp.Macedonia
Former YugoslaviaFormer YugoslaviaInternational tourist arrivals, 1980-2010*
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index -- CROATIACROATIA
Rank (out of 139)
2011 Index 34
T&T regulatory framework 42
Policy rules and regulations 77
Environmental sustainability 46
Safety and security 33
Health and hygiene 32
Ground transport infrastructure 54
Prioritization of Travel & Tourism 72
T&T business environment and infrastructure 36
Air transport infrastructure 66
Tourism infrastructure 4
Rank (out of 139)
ICT infrastructure 35
Price competitiveness in the T&T industry 101
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources 43
Human resources 83
Education and training 73
Availability of qualified labor 91
Affinity for Travel & Tourism 20
Natural resources 75
Cultural resources 31
World Economic Forum:World Economic Forum:
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
ContentsContents
◘ International Tourism Outlook ◘Destination Management◘ Indicators and Observatories◘Global Initiatives
Destination ManagementDestination Management
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
A local tourism destination is a physical space in which a visitor spends at least one overnight.
It includes tourism products such as support services and attractions, and tourism resources within one day's return travel time.
It has physical and administrative boundaries defining its management, images and perceptions defining its market competitiveness.
Local tourism destinations incorporate various stakeholders often including a host community, and can nest and network to form larger destinations.
Destinations could be on any scale, from a whole country, a region, or island, to a village, town or city, or a self- contained centre.
Tourism Destination Tourism Destination
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
• Destination management is the co - ordinated management of all the elements that make up a destination (attractions, amenities, access, marketing and pricing).
• Destination management takes a strategic approach to link-up these sometimes very separate entities for the better management of the destination.
• Joined up management can help to avoid duplication of effort with regards to promotion, visitor services, training, business support and identify any management gaps that are not being addressed.
Destination ManagementDestination Management
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
Natural and/or man made resources available in the destination:
• Physical resources• Historical and cultural resources• Capital resources, economies of scale• Technology and knowledge resources• Size of the local economy• Infrastructure and superstructure• Human resources, etc
Ability of the destination to use or mobilize these resources over the
long term.
A competitive destination is the one that combines the comparative supply, able to meet the visitor’s expectations, with a positive / responsible contribution to its tourism development and the well-being of their residents.
Destination Management and CompetitivenessDestination Management and Competitiveness
COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES
Sustainable Tourism Context
COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
COMPETITIVENESSResource Deployment
Ability to compete effectively and profitably in the marketplace
(economic capacity and business skills)
• organization management• strategic planning• product development and innovation• promotion and marketing (positioning,
branding, etc)• financial management• information management• operations management• human resources management
SUSTAINABILITYResource Stewardship
Ability to maintain the quality of its physical, social, cultural, economic and
environmental resources(capacity for environmental management
through the tourism supply chain)
– air quality – water quality– waste – wildlife – flora/fauna– habitat – resident/local community management– biodiversity management– visitor management
Major Parameters of Destination ManagementMajor Parameters of Destination Management
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
1. Economic Viability2. Local Prosperity3. Employment Quality4. Social Equity5. Visitor Fulfillment6. Local Control7. Community Wellbeing8. Cultural Richness9. Physical Integrity10. Biological Diversity11. Resource Efficiency12. Environmental Purity
12 Aims of sustainable tourism at Destinations12 Aims of sustainable tourism at Destinations
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
1. Vision and leadership for a sustainable and competitive tourism
2. Knowledge and understanding of the needs of target markets and the “new tourist”
3. Positioning and differentiating the destination and image management
4. Improvement of collecting reliable data and competent analysis of the data
5. Improvement of the competitiveness of the destination, providing “through the chain”, positive visitor experience
6. Product innovation and management
7. Capitalizing on the opportunities provided by new technologies
8. Greater professionalism in service levels and overall HR management
9. Synergy between all the stakeholders in creating the destination vision
10. Public-private sector partnership in the key areas of management and marketing
11. Continuously adapting to the dynamically changing macro, competitive and market environments
Keys For SuccessKeys For Success
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
ContentsContents
◘ International Tourism Outlook ◘Destination Management◘Observatories◘Global Initiatives
Indicators and ObservatoriesIndicators and Observatories
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
• Extensive review of international experiences
• Involvement of 62 experts from 20 countries
• Focus on local destinations, also coveringapplications at regional, national and businesslevels
• A recommended procedure for indicatorsdevelopment
• A categorized list of common issues andindicators
• Destination-specific applications
• The role of indicators in tourism policy and planning
• Ample range of case studies
UNWTO Guide on IndicatorsUNWTO Guide on Indicators
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
Yangshuo, Guangxi
Huangshan, Anhui
Zhangjiajie,Hunan
UNWTO observatories initiativesUNWTO observatories initiatives
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
• Beautiful town located south of Guilin on the bank of the Li River
Yangshuo
• Li River cruise from Guilin to Yangshuo is the main attraction of any trip to northeastern Guangxi Province.
• Thousands of visitors take the water route to witness the scenic beauty of the karst limestone landscape straddling the Li River.
• Scenery along the Li River is one of China's top tourist destinations
Observatory: YangshuoObservatory: Yangshuo
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
Focus on:
• Tourism and community.
• Degree of tourist satisfaction.
• Health and safety.
• Economic benefits from tourism.
• Tourism related to resources and environment protection.
• Tourism related to transport planning and management.
Observatory: YangshuoObservatory: Yangshuo
Survey, analysis and monitoring indicatorsSurvey, analysis and monitoring indicators
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
▪ Need for more protective measures for natural resources and environmental protection.
▪ Need for more controlled measures for development regarding transport planning.
▪ Noise and air pollution.
▪ Water pollution.
▪ Land-use: demand on land for tourism increased but construction land is rigidly restricted; difficult to satisfy tourism development needs.
▪ Need for management of water environment and improvement of water quality.
▪ Population and traffic congestion.
Observatory: YangshuoObservatory: Yangshuo
Major issues identifiedMajor issues identified
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
ContentsContents
◘ International Tourism Outlook ◘Destination Management◘ Indicators and Observatories◘Global InitiativesGlobal InitiativesGlobal Initiatives
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
Monday, March 28, 2011 / ©2008 STSC 30
• A coalition of 76 organizations working together to foster increased understanding of sustainable tourism practices and the adoption of universal sustainable tourism principles.
• The Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria are a set of common guidelines created with the input of experts, groups and companies from around the planet, defining sustainable tourism in a way that is actionable, measurable and credible. They set a minimum standard of sustainability for tourism businesses across the globe.
Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria (GSTC)Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria (GSTC)
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
37 criteria, 4 pillars
Social & Economic Cultural Environmental
SustainabilityManagement
Bruno Maia/Naturezafotos.org Bruno Maia/Naturezafotos.org
Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria (GSTC)Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria (GSTC)
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
Established in August 2010.UNWTO, UNEP and the UN Foundation are PermanentMembers of the Council.
www.gstcouncil.org
The main objectives are• Management of the Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria• Setting standards for destinations and other tourism
sub-sectors not contemplated by the current criteria • Developing market access strategies for sustainable
products • Building the accreditation program • Supporting more sustainable destinations
Global Global SustainableSustainable TourismTourism CouncilCouncil
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
Global Partnership for Sustainable Tourism Global Partnership for Sustainable Tourism
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
The International Task Force on Sustainable Tourism Development (ITF-STD),2006-2010:• membership of 18 countries and 25 organizations, chaired by France• six biennial meetings in France, Costa Rica, Morocco• helped support nearly 40 projects between 2006 and 2009• developed policy recommendations for tourism stakeholders, 2009• recommended evolution into international sustainable development
partnership, 2009
TRANSITION to the GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
The Partnership builds upon the fourThe Partnership builds upon the four--year success story of year success story of the ITFthe ITF--STD within the Marrakech ProcessSTD within the Marrakech Process
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
4 Main activities4 Main activities
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
7 Thematic areas7 Thematic areas
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
• The Partnership adopts a « local » approach relying on a global framework while ensuring the development of adapted projects, policy recommendations and tools at National, Regional and Municipalitylevels.
• A communication reference platform; the Partnership provides lessons learnt by local tourism stakeholders in sustainable planning, management, development and marketing of tourism destinations.
• The Partnership offers sustainable destinations opportunity to exercise a leadership role internationally, to showcase sustainable destination management, therefore offering strong exposure on global market.
A unique valueA unique value--added for added for Sustainable Destination managementSustainable Destination management
World Tourism OrganizationSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
www.unwto.org/sdt
Thank you!Thank you!