“People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” · PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE...

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“People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” (Fischer et al. 2017)

Transcript of “People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” · PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE...

Page 1: “People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” · PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Design-Bid-Build Construction Management at Risk Design-Build Integrated Project

“Peoplecometoprojectsasfriendsandleaveasenemies.”

(Fischeretal.2017)

Page 2: “People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” · PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Design-Bid-Build Construction Management at Risk Design-Build Integrated Project

http://www.latercera.com/noticia/montos-juicios-la-construccion-alcanzan-549-del-contrato-original/

Page 3: “People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” · PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Design-Bid-Build Construction Management at Risk Design-Build Integrated Project

Muchos de los problemas del sector de laconstrucción son originados por la inapropiadaselección e ineficiente gestión del tipo de contrato.

(Toolanen &Olofsson,2006).

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(Egan1998;MitropoulosandTatum2000;KimandDossick 2011).

Laindustriadeldiseñoylaconstrucciónnecesitaavanzarenelmejoramientodela

coordinacióndelosparticipantesdelproyectoylaimplementacióndecontratoscolaborativoseintegrados.

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Unanuevamiradaparaeldesarrollodeproyectos:

Integrated ProjectDelivery

HarrisonMesaH.,Ph.DAcadémicoEscueladeConstrucciónCivilPontificiaUniversidadCatólicadeChile

2017

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¿QuéesIntegrated ProjectDelivery?

¿PorquéIPDproducemejoresresultados?

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EmpresaDB

ConstructorDiseñador

Mandante

Equipo diseño-construcción

Diseño– Licitación– Construcción

Diseño– Construcción

Integrated ProjectDelivery

Proyecto

Mandante

Diseñador

Ingeniero

Constructor

Sub-contratista

Consultores

Mandante

Contratista GeneralDiseñador

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SutterMedicalCenter,CastroValley

Page 9: “People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” · PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Design-Bid-Build Construction Management at Risk Design-Build Integrated Project

¿QuéesIntegrated ProjectDelivery?

Contrato Relacional• Multi – party

(Mesaetal.2016)

• Optimizar los resultados del proyecto• Incrementar el valor del cliente• Reducir pérdidas

Integración• Personas• Estructuras de negocio• Prácticas de gestión

Page 10: “People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” · PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Design-Bid-Build Construction Management at Risk Design-Build Integrated Project

TRADICIONALES

IPD

Fragmentado, conformado justo cuando es necesitado, jerárquico.

Integrado, conformado tempranamente y colaborativo.

Beneficio propio Éxito del equipo ligado con el éxito del proyecto

EQUIPO

COMPENSACIÓN

Lineal, fragmentación del conocimiento y experiencia

Concurrente, contribuciones tempranas, compartición abierta de informaciónPROCESO

Gestión individual, transferido Gestión colectiva, compartición apropiadaRIESGO

Papel, 2 dimensiones Digital, virtual, BIMCOMUNICACIÓN

DBB CMR DB

FACTORES

Transaccional RelacionalCONTRATO

AdaptadodeAIA(2007)

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(WhiteandYetmen 2014)

Diseño-Licitación-Construcción

Proceso Colaborativo

+10

-10

Valor

VALOR = ALCANCE, CALIDAD, TIEMPO, COSTO

Incremento órdenes de cambio

Resolución proactiva de problemas

Trabajo colaborativo

Diseño Vs. Licitación

Órdenes de cambio (conflictivas)

Gestión Restricciones

Presupuesto Vs. Diseño

Diferencia de Valor

Page 12: “People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” · PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Design-Bid-Build Construction Management at Risk Design-Build Integrated Project

ModelingPerformanceofIntegratedProjectDeliverySystemsinDesign

andConstruction

Pontificia UniversidadCatólica de Chile

Page 13: “People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” · PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Design-Bid-Build Construction Management at Risk Design-Build Integrated Project

DESEMPEÑO

IPDMétodos

tradicionalesComparación

?IPDMétodos

tradicionales

better13

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Modelo conceptual

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STRATEGIESProject Delivery

System

DRIVERSSupply Chain Relationships

PROCESSES PROJECT OUTCOMES

Project organizational structure

• Design – Bid – Build

• Construction Management at Risk

• Design – Build

• Integrated Project Delivery

Contractual relationship

• Procurement method

• Method of compensation

• Risk allocation

Alignment of interest and objectives

Gain and pain sharing

Trust

No-blame culture

Team working

Communication

Conflict resolution

Continuous improvement

Scope Definition

Design

Construction

Cost growth

Schedule growth

Quality

(Mesaetal.2016)

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Participantes– Workshop

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Role Experience(Years) ExperienceDBB CMR DB IPD

Architect 20 √ √ √ √ConsultingEngineer 23 √ √ √ √

Engineer 30 √ √ √ √GeneralContractor 32 √ √ √ √GeneralContractor 10 √ √ √ √MechanicalEngineer 35 √ √ √ √

PrivateOwner 20 √ √ √ √PrivateOwnerPublicOwner

2532

√√

√√

√√

√√

BuildingConstruction

Atleast10years

(Mesaetal.2016)

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Workshop

ProjectCharacteristicsProjecttype HealthcareLocation Denver,ColoradoSize 430,000sfProjectcost $160Million

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Projectdeliveryperformance

Project Delivery System

Strategy (1)

Project Delivery Systems Project Cost

(Millions) (6)

Project Schedule (Months)

(7)

Project Quality (Index 1 to 10)

(8)

Type of Organizat. Structure

(2)

Contractual Relationship Procurement

Method (3)

Compensation Method

(4)

Risk Allocation

(5) DBB DBB Low Bid Fixed Price Split 200 30 5

CMR CMR Qualification

Based Selection

Guaranteed Maximum Price Split 175 26 6

DB DB Qualification

Based Selection

Guaranteed Maximum Price Split 167 25 7

IPD IPD Qualification

Based Selection

Target Price Shared 149 22 8

17

200 30 5

149 22 8

26% 27%(Mesaetal.2016)

Page 18: “People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” · PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Design-Bid-Build Construction Management at Risk Design-Build Integrated Project

¿PorquéIPDproducemejoresresultados?

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Análisisdesensibilidad

Driver Cost Schedule Quality

Communication

Alignment of interest and objectives

Team working

Trust

Gain/Pain Sharing

No-blame culture

Continuous Improvement

Conflict Resolution

16%

15%

14%

13%

13%

12%

9%

7%

17%

14%

14%

13%

13%

12%

10%

7%

16%

15%

14%

13%

13%

12%

10%

7%

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Amayorimpactorelativo(porcentaje),mayoreselgradodesensibilidaddelresultadodelproyectoasociadoaldriver

(Mesaetal.2016)

Page 20: “People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” · PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Design-Bid-Build Construction Management at Risk Design-Build Integrated Project

Alig

nmen

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nter

est

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esG

ain

and

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shar

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Trus

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Team

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Com

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N NN NN N N NN NN OO NN O N O O N OO O O N O O N OP PP P P P P P P

SUPPLY CHAIN RELATIONSHIP FACTORS

PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL

STRUCTURE

Design-Bid-BuildConstruction Management at Risk

Design-BuildIntegrated Project Delivery

“DBBistheworststrategyforcommunication,everythingrequiresformalwritten

RequestsforInformation.”

Highpositive(PP) Positive(P) Noeffect(O) Highnegative(NN)Negative(N)

20(Mesaetal.2016)

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Alig

nmen

t of i

nter

est

and

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ctiv

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ain

and

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shar

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N NN NN N N NN NN OO NN O N O O N OO O O N O O N OP PP P P P P P P

SUPPLY CHAIN RELATIONSHIP FACTORS

PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL

STRUCTURE

Design-Bid-BuildConstruction Management at Risk

Design-BuildIntegrated Project Delivery

“CMRisbetterthanDBBbecausecontractoristhereearly;decisionsImakeasdesignerhave

inputfromcontractor.”

Highpositive(PP) Positive(P) Noeffect(O) Highnegative(NN)Negative(N)

21(Mesaetal.2016)

Page 22: “People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” · PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Design-Bid-Build Construction Management at Risk Design-Build Integrated Project

Alig

nmen

t of i

nter

est

and

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ctiv

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ain

and

pain

shar

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Trus

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Team

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Com

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N NN NN N N NN NN OO NN O N O O N OO O O N O O N OP PP P P P P P P

SUPPLY CHAIN RELATIONSHIP FACTORS

PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL

STRUCTURE

Design-Bid-BuildConstruction Management at Risk

Design-BuildIntegrated Project Delivery

“DBisbetterforpotentialsharingpainandgainduetothesinglecontractbetweenthedesignerandconstructor.However,DBisstillcontractually

similartoCMRbecauseofthesplitinrisk.”

Highpositive(PP) Positive(P) Noeffect(O) Highnegative(NN)Negative(N)

22(Mesaetal.2016)

Page 23: “People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” · PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Design-Bid-Build Construction Management at Risk Design-Build Integrated Project

Alig

nmen

t of i

nter

est

and

obje

ctiv

esG

ain

and

pain

shar

ing

Trus

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No-

blam

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Team

wor

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Com

mun

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Con

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reso

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Con

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us

impr

ovem

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N NN NN N N NN NN OO NN O N O O N OO O O N O O N OP PP P P P P P P

SUPPLY CHAIN RELATIONSHIP FACTORS

PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL

STRUCTURE

Design-Bid-BuildConstruction Management at Risk

Design-BuildIntegrated Project Delivery

“Ithinktherecanbenobetteralignmentforthesethreethings(communication,joint

goalsetting,andpainandgainsharing;howmuchmorealignedcanyouget?”

Highpositive(PP) Positive(P) Noeffect(O) Highnegative(NN)Negative(N)

23(Mesaetal.2016)

Page 24: “People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” · PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Design-Bid-Build Construction Management at Risk Design-Build Integrated Project

• Laselecciónadecuadadeltipode“contrato”esunadelasdecisionesestratégicasmásimportantesparaalcanzareléxitodelproyecto.

• LaadopcióndeIPDrequiereuncambiodelmodelodenegocio,delasrelacionescontractualesydelcomportamientodelosparticipantesdelproyecto.

Page 25: “People come to projects as friends and leave as enemies.” · PROJECT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Design-Bid-Build Construction Management at Risk Design-Build Integrated Project

“Peoplecometoprojectsasfriendsandleaveasfriends.”

¡Muchasgracias!