ACTIVE SOLAR ENERGY

Submitted To- Submitted By-

Dr. Richa K. Tyagi Anupam Kumar Das

Asst. professor M.Tech 1st Sem.

BBAU Energy & Environment

Lucknow BBAU Lucknow

Solar energy

Radiation energy produced by sun

Clean, renewable source of energy.

Converted into usable energy such as electricity

Solar energy used in two ways:-1.Passive solar energy:-

Direct use for heating/lighting/drying/ventilation purposes.(in natural manner)

Example-lighting in homes through windows or green buildings concept.

2. Active solar energy:-

Conversion to electricity with the aid of special instruments like uses of the mechanical elements to provide either heating or cooling.

Example- solar water heating system, solar thermal power plant.

Active solar energy

In active solar energy the system uses mechanical equipment such as pumps and blower and other type of equipment to collect, store and convert solar energy also use when solar energy is not enough.

In this type of energy: once the energy from the sun is absorbed, it is stored for later use.

Active solar techniques increase the supply of energy.

Example of active solar energy system

Most common example of active solar energy is-solar water heating system.

Solar water heating saves approx. 1000 megawatts of energy a year, equivalent to eliminating the emission from two medium sizes coal burning power plants.

By using solar water heating over gas water heating, a family will save 1200 pounds of pollution each year.

Solar collector

Glass on outside

Absorbent on inside

Circulating fluid

Others examples of active solar energy –

Solar energy power plants.

Concentrating solar power

And photovoltaic

Concentrating solar power(CSP)

oConverted sun energy into high temp. heat energy

oThe heat energy used to generate electricity in a steam generator.

largest CSP plantCalifornia, United States

• Ivanpah Solar Power Facility• Location: California, United

States• Commission date: Feb, 2014• Capacity: 354 megawatts

(MWh)• Generates power for 140,000

homes

The Ivanpah installation reduces carbon dioxide emissions by over 400,000 tons annually.

CSP plant in India

Neemuch, India

Welspun solar MP projectCapacity: 150 MWh

Photovoltaic Tracking solar panels rotate as the sun moves through the sky to maximize the amount of electricity then can produce.

Click icon to add picture

Canal Power Project in India

Advantage of active solar energy:-

Long term cost effectiveness in colder climates- It is very effective in colder climates, where interior heating is necessary during most of the year.

Free sunlight can save thousand of dollars a years in utility bills in areas with long winters.

Low maintenance- Generally , maintenance with solar heating system will involve keeping the solar panel clean and unobstructed from snow, bird dropping , tree branches and other debris.

On average solar heating system require a mere 8 to 16 hours of routine maintenance per year.

It is also worth nothing that many grid- tie solar heating systems come with warranties at least 10 years.

Silent operation The silent operation of solar heating

systems is due to minimum presence of moving parts.

There is absolutely no noise resulting from the some of solar heating systems.

Environment & health issue

Cadmium – Cadmium is used in cadmium telluride solar cells as a semiconductor to convert solar cells energy into electricity.

Though used in very small amounts, it is extremely toxic and can build up in a given ecosystem if it isn't monitored.

Electromagnetic Radiation From Solar Panels Modern solar systems use components that radiate high

levels of radio frequency electromagnetic radiation, which poses health risks to those with electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS).

some of the symptoms of this health risk are common and non-specific, such as headaches and restlessness.

Disadvantage of active solar energy

Space requirement- Active solar systems rely on the sun to heat liquid. weather the liquid is water or an antifreeze mixture.

To generate enough hot liquid to be useful, a large space is required.

Cost problem

Indian energy scenario of renewable energy sources

JNNSM- Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Energy Mission

National solar mission is a major initiative of the governments to promote ecologically sustainable growth while addressing India's energy security challenges.

In first phase mission aims to commission 1000 MW of grid-connected solar power projects by 2013.

20,000 MW of grid connected solar power by 2022.

The mission has several purpose-

1) long term energy security.

2) ecological security.

3) to deploy 20 million solar lightening systems for rural areas by 2022.

4) to achieve 15 million square meters solar thermal collector area by 2017 and 20 million by 2022.

In the solar energy sector, some large projects have been proposed and a 35,000 square km area of the Thar Desert has been set aside for solar power projects sufficient to generate 700 to 2100 GW.

India is planning to install the world’s largest solar power plants with 4000 MW capacity near sambhar lake in Rajasthan.

T H A N K Y O U !