Antibiotics
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Transcript of Antibiotics
ANTIBIOTICS
A SHORT GUIDE FOR ANTIBIOTICS
GRAM +S - PENICILLIN
USUALLY USED FOR STREPTOCOCCUS/ RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS
1- PENICILLIN V (ORAL)
2- BENZYL PENICILLIN (IM) (COULD BE STORED FOR A LONG TIME- USED FOR MENINGITIS IN GENERAL PRACTICE; BUT IN HOSPITAL CEFTRIAXONE IV IS PREFERRED BECAUSE OF CSF PENETRATION)
PNEUMONIA TREATMENT
1- AMOXICILLIN
2- AMOXICILLIN+CLARITHROMYCIN//AZITHROMYCIN (STAT)
3- CO-AMOXICLAV+CLARITHROMYCIN (HAP) - COVERS RESISTANCE AS WELL BECAUSE IT ALSO COVERSB-LACTAMS
4- TAZOCIN – COVERS PSEUDOMONAS AS WELL
ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA: YOU NED TO GIVE ANAEROBIC COVER AND CO-AMOXICLAV//TAZOCIN COVERS IT
WE PREFER NARROW SPECTRUM ANTIBIOTICS BECAUSE OF RESISTANCE AND C.DIFF!
C.DIFF
METRONIDAZOLE
VANCOMYCIN
METRONIDAZOLE CAN MOVE ACROSS GUT THEREFORE IT IS BETTER TO GIVE AS IV BUT VANCOMYCIN DOESN’T MOVE DUE TO ITS HYDROPHILIC PROPERTIES THEREFORE ORAL IS BETTER SINCE IT WILL STAY IN BLOOD AND WOULDN’T GO TO GUT.
MILD: ORAL METRONIDAZOLE
MODERATE: IV METRONIDAZOLE
SEVERE: ORAL VANCOMYCIN
GRAM –S - GENTOMYCIN
STAYS IN BLOOD
STERILIZES BLOOD
USUALLY USED AS AN ADD-ON E.G: SEVERE SEPSIS- TO DECREASE BACTERIA IN BLOOD
ALSO USED FOR PSEUDOMONAS AND PYELONEPHRITIS (STAYS CONCENTRATED IN KIDNEYS BECAUSE OF BLOOD FILTRATION IN KIDNEYS)
PSEUDOMONAS TREATMENT
VERY RESISTANT ORGANISM, USUALLY SEEN IN LUNGS (DISEASES OF CHRONIC SECRETIONS SUCH AS CYSTIC FIBROSIS AND BRONCHIECTRASIS) /ULCERS - GREEN COLOURED
GENTAMYCIN
TAZOCIN
CIPROFLOXACIN
IMEPENEM
CEFTAROLINE
STAPHYLOCOCCUS
ANYTHING THAT GETS THROUGH SKIN:
HIP REPLACEMENT OPERATIONS
DRUG USERS
CANNULAS/LINES
1- FLUCLOXACILLIN
2- AUGMENTIN
3- VANCOMYCIN IV (MRSA)
PENICILLIN ALLERGY
CEPHALOSPORINS HAVE 10% OVERLAP WITH PENICILLIN THEREFORE COULD NOT BE USED IN PENICILLIN ALLERGY
CARBOPENEM IS ALSO LINKED AND COULD NOT BE USED