MADE BY: AFIFA NUZHAT

B.ARCH. III YEAR

•Pre constructional anti-termite treatment is a process in which soil treatment is applied to a building in early stages of its construction.• The purpose of anti-termite treatment is to provide the building with a chemical barrier against the sub-terrain termites.•Anti-termite treatment being a specialized job, calls for thorough knowledge of the chemicals, soils, termite to be dealt with and the environmental conditions, in order to give effective treatment and lasting protection to the property undergoing treatment. It is therefore imperative that the works of anti-termite treatment should get executed through specialized agencies only. •The pre constructional soil treatment is required to be applied during the construction stages of the sub-structure up to plinth level.

Termite treatment in pre-construction stages includes several procedures that must be done to ensure an area of termite-free construction.

Treating the soil before any slab placement with insecticides is the most common method of termite treatment.

This will form a chemical barrier between ground slab and masonry that will prevent the insects to approach the building.

The chemical treatment can be done as follow: · Bottom and sides of excavation must be treated with

chemical products, prior to start foundation work. · Where slabs on grade will be built, holes are made in the

earth and filled with chemical products. · The perimeter of the construction is treated by making

holes filled with chemicals all around the structure. · In pipe beddings ,an area is filled with chemical products

to secure the future of the piping.

The formation of the chemically treated soil barrier shall be accomplished in stages as the building construction work progresses and due care shall be exercised to ensure that each stage of treatment is well integrated with that previously applied so that no unprotected avenues of entry are left open to the termites.

All work shall in general be executed as specified in IS: 6313 Part II-2001 and as per approved specification of the agency having special know-how for the job.

The Contractor shall furnish all tools, plant, instruments, qualified supervisory staff, labour, materials, any temporary works, consumables and everything necessary, whether or not such items are specifically stated herein, for completion of the job in accordance with the specification requirements.

Indian Standards to be followed are 1) IS 4015 (Part-I & II) - Guide for handling cases of pesticide poisoning. 2) IS 6313 (Part-I) - Code of practice for Anti- termite measures in

buildings constructional measures 3) IS 6313 (Part - II) - Code of practice for anti-termite measures in

Building (pre constructional chemical treatment) 4) IS 8944 - Specification for Chloropyrifos Emulsified concentrates. 5) IS 632 - Specification for Lindane

In order to ensure uniform distribution of the chemical emulsion and to assist penetration, the following site preparation shall be carried out:a) Remove all trees, stumps, logs or roots from the building

site.b) Remove all concrete form work if left anywhere, leveling

pegs, timber off-cuts and other building debris from the area to be treated.

c) If the soil to be treated is sandy or porous, preliminary moistening will be required to fill capillary spaces in soil in order to prevent the loss of emulsion through piping or excessive percolations.

d) In the event of water logging of foundation, the water shall be pumped out before application of chemical emulsion and it should be applied only when the soil is absorbent.

e) On clays and other heavy soils where penetration is likely to be slow and on sloping sites, where run-off of the treating solution is likely to occur, the surface of the soil should be scarified to a depth of 75mm at least.

• The chemicals used for the soil treatment shall be any one or a combination of the following. The chemicals shall conform to IS 6313 ( Part II ) 2001, IS 8944, IS 632 and as per manufacturer's specifications.

• Any of the following chemicals (conforming to relevant Indian Standards) in water emulsion shall be applied by pressure pumps, uniformly over the area treated.

Chemicals Concentration by Weight Percentage

• Chlorpyrifos Emulsifiable (IS 8944 - 1978) : 1.0 • Heptachlor Emulsifiable Concentrate (IS: 6439 - 1978) : 0.5 • Chlordane Emulsifiable Concentrate (IS: 2682 - 1984) : 1.0

TERMITE PROOF BARRIER AT DPC LEVELWhere a Damp Proof Course is provided the

Contractor shall soak chemical emulsion as specified above in the surface of the DPC when the concrete is yet green at the rate of 5 liters per sq.meter of DPC surface ensuring that the emulsion soaks into the concrete.

Where no DPC is provided, the mortar used for 2 consecutive courses of masonry just below the plinth filling shall be made with emulsion as specified above instead of water.

These 2 operations are intended to create a termite proof barrier in the plinth wall, preventing subterranean termites from infiltrating through voids in the masonry into the superstructure.

Treatment in Foundation Trenches:In case of normal wall load bearing structures,

columns pits, wall trenches and basement, the treatment shall be at 5 litres/sqm. or surface area of the bottom and sides to a height of at least 300mm.

After the foundation work, the sides shall be treated at 7.5 litres/sqm. of vertical surface of substructure on each side.

After the earth filling is done, treatment shall be done by rodding the earth at 150mm centres close to wall surface and spraying the chemical with the above dose i.e. 7.5 litres/sqm.

In case of framed structure, the treatment shall start at a depth of 500mm below ground level. From this depth the backfill around the columns, beams and R.C.C. basement walls shall be treated at 7.5 litres / sqm. of the vertical and at 5 litres / sqm. for the horizontal surface at the bottom in the trenches / pits.

(a) The bottom surface and the sides (up to a height of about 300 mm) of the excavations made for masonry foundations and basements shall be treated with the chemical at the rate of 5 litres., per square metre. surface area

(b) After the masonry foundations and the retaining wall of the basements comes up, the backfill in immediate contract with the foundation structure shall be treated at7.5 litres. per sq.mtr. of the vertical surface of the sub-structure for each side. If water is used for ramming the earth fill, the chemical treatment shall be carried out after the ramming operation is done by rodding the earth at 150 mm centres close to the wall surface and working the rod backward and forward parallel to the wall surface and spraying the chemical emulsion at the above dosage. After the treatment, the soil should be tamped in place. The earth is usually returned in layers and the treatment shall be carried out in similar stages. The chemical emulsion shall be directed towards the masonry surfaces, so that the earth in contact with theses surfaces is well treated with the chemical

In RCC foundations, the concrete is dense being a 1:2:4 (cement :fine aggregates : coarse aggregates, by volume) mix or richer, the termites are unable to penetrate it. It is, therefore, unnecessary to start the treatment from the bottom of the excavations.

The treatment shall start at a depth of 500 mm below the ground level except when such ground level is raised or lowered by filling or cutting after the foundations have been cast.

In such cases, the depth of 500 mm shall be determined 10 from the new soil level, resulting from the filling or cutting mentioned above and soil in immediate contact with the vertical surfaces of RCC foundations shall be treated at the rate of 7.5 ltrs per square mtr.

SPRAYING EQUIPMENT•A pressure pump shall be used to carry out spraying operations to facilitate proper penetration of chemical into the earth.The chemicals, concentration and dosage for horizontal and vertical surfaces are based on the IS code of practice for Anti-termite measures in Buildings. IS 6313 (Part-II).

PRECAUTIONS DURING MONSOON•No spraying shall be carried out when it rains. Treatment should be repeated in plinth areas if it rains immediately after a spraying operation and before the emulsion has soaked into the soil.

GUARANTEEThe Contractor shall give a 10-year service guarantee in writing supplemented by a separate and unilateral guarantee from the specialised agency for the job to keep the building free of termites for the specified period at no extra cost to the owner.

Mode of measurement:The payment will be made on the basis of plinth area measurements at ground floor only for all the stages of treatment in sqm. correct to two places of decimals. Rate includes the cost of materials, labour and all tools, plants, sprayers required for complete operation.

I.S. CODE Relevant code applicable for this Specification. IS: 6313 (Part-II) 1981: Code of Practice of Anti-Termite Measures in Buildings Pre-constructional chemical treatment measures.

Precautions during Treatment Utmost care shall be taken to see that the chemical barrier

is complete and continuous. Each part of the area shall receive the prescribed dosage of chemical emulsion.

Once formed, the treated soil barrier shall not be disturbed. If by chance,treated soil barriers are disturbed, immediate steps shall be taken to restore the continuity and completeness of the barrier system.

These chemicals can have an adverse effect upon health when absorbed through the skin, inhaled as vapours or spray mist or swallowed.

Persons handling or using these chemicals should be warned of these dangers and advised that absorption through the skin is the most likely source of accidental poisoning.

They should be cautioned to observe carefully all the safety precautions particularly when handling these chemicals in the from of concentrates.

The containers should be clearly labelled and should be stored carefully out of the reach of children and pets animal. They should be kept securely locked.

Particular care should be taken to prevent skin contact with concentrates.