Anti ship piracy training
Transcript of Anti ship piracy training
Introduction
All guidelines and instructions in this training are for your general understanding of the present situation (July 2009) in the piracy risk areas.
Circumstances can differ for each vessel and for each Ship-owner.
Please always refer to the specific situation on the ship you are assigned to, as per recommendations and instructions of the vessel’s DOC holder, the instructions from the Master on board, the Ship Security Officer and the respective Ship Security Plan.
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Course overview - part 1
I. Training objectives
II. Piracy – tactics, targets, equipment
• Case study • Break
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Course overview – part 2
III. Recommended Best Management Practices (BMP) to deter Piracy
1. Prior to transit – General Planning (officer training)
2. Prior to transit - Voyage Planning (officer training)
3. Prior to transit - Defensive measures• Case study• Break
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Course overview – part 3
4. In Transit – Operations (officer training)
5. If Attacked by pirates
6. If Boarded by Pirates
7. In the Event of Military Action
8. Post Incident Actions and Reporting
Time for questions
• The training for officers takes about 4 hours, the training for ratings about 2 hours
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I. Training objectives
The scope of the training is to provide:• General information regarding the Piracy• Guidance and best industry practices for vessels passing
through the gulf of Aden (GoA) and other known pirates infested areas.
• Training on how to avoid, react and cope with piracy and other related incidents.
At the end of the training seminar you will have acquired:• adequate knowledge, guidance and skills on the Best
Management Practices (BMP) in avoiding piracy attacks, deterring attacks, delaying successful attacks and handling the situation with pirates on board, particularly when transiting the Gulf of Aden, off the Coast of Somalia and other pirates infested areas.
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II. Piracy – tactics, targets, equipment
What is Piracy?
• Piracy is a term used to describe acts of armed robbery, hijacking and other malicious acts against ships in international waters.
• Piracy is carried out with the intent of stealing valuables onboard and/or extorting money from ship owners and/or third party interests by holding the ship or the crew hostage for ransom.
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Piracy – tactics, targets, equipment
Pirates prone areasAfrica:• Gulf of Aden (GoA)• Tema (Ghana) • Lagos & Bonny River (Nigeria)• Dar Es Salaam (Tanzania)South East Asia and Indian Sub Continent• Bangladesh • Indonesia• Malacca Strait • Malaysia• Philippines South and Central America and the Carribbean waters• Brazil
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Piracy – tactics, targets, equipment
The factors that make a ship more vulnerable are:
• Low Freeboard• Slow speed• Inadequate planning and procedures• Visibly low state of alert and/or evident self protective
measures• Where a slow response by the ship is evident
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Piracy – tactics, targets, equipment
Typical Attack profiles and lessons learnt
• It is generally thought that from sighting pirates to being boarded, takes approximately fifteen (15) minutes.
• Pirates’ use of two or more small high speed (up to 25 knots) open boats/ ”skiffs” in attacks often approaching from the port quarter and/or stern
• Pirates use a “mother ship” carrying personnel, equipment and smaller assault craft
• Majority of attacks have taken place between first light and last light
• No successful attacks have occurred on ships at 15 knots and more
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Piracy – tactics, targets, equipment
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Pirates operate using small, fast and maneuverable skiffs with powerful outboard engines.
Piracy – tactics, targets, equipment
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Types of vessels used as mother ships from which pirates operate small open boats for carrying out attacks
Piracy – tactics, targets, equipment
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• The pirates are firing automatic riffles and Rocket Propelled Grenades (RPG) in an attempt to board and hijack vessels
Piracy – tactics, targets, equipment
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• The pirates have improved their equipment and now use portable VHF, GPS systems, AIS and satellite phones.
• It is also likely that they are plugged to an International network that feeds information from ports in the Gulf, Europe and Asia.
• Good communication equipment and a mother ship now gives them a greater ability to find and capture potential targets even far out at sea.
Piracy – tactics, targets, equipment
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Gulf of Aden (GoA)
•Somali pirates are attacking vessels in the northern Somali coast (GoA). •Once the attack is successful and the vessel hijacked, the pirates sail the vessel to the Somali coast and thereafter demand a ransom for the safe release of the vessel and crew.
CASE STUDY
(BBC Trinidad)Case study
Questions:Who are the parties involved, how did they achieve their objective ?
Seafarers and their families(feedback from crew involved)
(Feedback from another case)(Out of the Scene negotiation)
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III. Recommended BMP to deter Piracy
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Introduction
Whilst recognising the absolute discretion of the Master at all times to adopt appropriate measures to avoid, deter or delay piracy attacks, the following check lists of BMP are provided for ship owners and ship operators, Masters and their crews.
Not all may be applicable for each ship, therefore as part of the risk analysis, an assessment is recommended to determine which of the BMP will be most suitable for the ship.
Recommended BMP to deter Piracy
1. Prior to transit - General Planning(to be done as per recommendations and instructions of the vessel’s DOC holder)
a. Coordination & Reporting
• IMB Piracy Reporting Centre - Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia• Maritime Security Centre – Horn of Africa (MSCHOA) and UKMTO Dubai
b. Risk Assessment
c. Company crisis management procedures
d. Advanced notice of the passage plan
e. Safety of the crew and passengers
1.1. Company Planning1.2. Ship’s Master planning
2. Prior to transit - Voyage planning
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III. Recommended BMP to deter Piracy
3. Prior to transit – Defensive measures(Follow the procedures laid down in your SSP)
a. Ensure sufficient watch keepers
b. Increase lookouts c. Man the ER
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Recommended BMP to deter Piracy
Prior to transit – Defensive measures
d. Minimise external communications e. No work on open deck
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Recommended BMP to deter Piracy
Prior to transit – Defensive measures
f. Increase readiness and redundancy by running auxiliary machinery
g. Secure and control access to bridge , ER, accommodation, steering gear
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Recommended BMP to deter Piracy
Prior to transit – Defensive measuresh. Designate a piracy attack muster point – “citadel” away from external
bulkheads and portholes
i. Use maximum lighting during the night hours
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Recommended BMP to deter Piracy
Prior to transit – Defensive measuresAdditional commercially available measures
j. Consider use of dummies at the rails
i. Fire pumps and/or hoses to be pressurized around stern ready for discharge overboard
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Recommended BMP to deter Piracy
Prior to transit – Defensive measures
Additional commercially available measures
k. Consider reinforcing accessible portholes with gratings
l. Use “crazy fenders” hanging over the side of the vessel
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Recommended BMP to deter Piracy
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Prior to transit – Defensive measures
Additional commercially available measuresm. Use razor/barbed wire around stern and lowest points of access
n. Passive equipment like sandbags to protect the navigation bridge from bullets of the pirates
Recommended BMP to deter Piracy
Prior to transit – Defensive measuresAdditional commercially available measures
o. Accommodation always locked and the access to the crew limited to 1 entrance.
p. Secure all storage areas on open deck with combination padlocks
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Recommended BMP to deter Piracy
Prior to transit – Defensive measures
Additional commercially available measures
q. Consider providing night vision optic for use during the darkness hours
r. Consider operational use of CCTV (if fitted)
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Discussion
In the case study – why did the pirates chose the vessel ?
What defensive measures were taken / could have been taken?
Your own experiences?
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III. Recommended BMP to deter Piracy
4. In transit – Operations
a. Pirates prone areas – BMP Actions check listsAfrica:• Gulf of Aden (GoA) • Tema (Ghana) • Lagos & Bonny River (Nigeria) • Dar Es Salaam (Tanzania)
South East Asia and Indian Sub Continent• Bangladesh • Indonesia • Malacca strait • Malaysia • Philippines
c. South and Central America and the Carribbean waters• Brazil
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III. Recommended BMP to deter Piracy
5. If Attacked by pirates - BMP Actions Check list (MN, Beluga, Seatrade
6. If boarded by pirates- BMP Actions Check list (example)
7. In the event of a military action
- BMP Actions Check list (BMP Aug. 09
8. Post Incident Actions and Reporting
-BMP Actions Check list (IMO MISC .1/Circ. 1334)
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7. In the Event of Military Action
- BMP Actions Check list BMP
In the event of military personnel take action onboard the vessel,
and unless otherwise directed, all personnel should keep low to the deck, cover their head with hands ( always ensuring that hands are empty and visible). Be prepared to answer questions on identity and status, as military personnel may take some time to differentiate ship’s crew from pirates.
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8. Post Incident Actions and Reporting
-BMP Actions Check list ( BMP Piracy Home Page Circ 1334 IMO )
Once it is known that an attack is over, and after securing the safety of the ship and crew:
Make post incident reports to: The UK Maritime Trade Operations (UKMTO) Dubai The Maritime Security Center – Horn of Africa ( MSCHOA) The International Maritime Bureau (IMB) carryout an internal debrief of the ship’s company offer professional counseling to those who may have been affected
by events. make a post incident report to owners/operators consider an appropriate mechanism for informing next of kin
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8. Post Incident Actions and Reporting
A debriefing should be conducted by the owner/master, SSO and CSO to learn from the attack and identify areas of improvement.
Debriefing should be conducted immediately after the incident so
that the events are fresh and should involve the entire crew.
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Post Incident Actions and Reporting
Shipowner should be aware that seafarer may suffer from trauma or similar condition after being victimized under an attack from pirates or armed robbers. Shipowner should offer advice from professionals if the seafarer wishes such assistance.
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8. Post Incident Actions and Reporting
To reduce the risk from trauma the master has to debrief the crew immediately after the attack or release of a vessel in order to get crew to confront their experiences.
Counseling professionals to debrief crew as soon as possible after the attack or release of the vessel in order to assist the crew to manage their experiences.
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Antipiracy Preparedness & Response Training
The situation is dynamic – the pirates learn fast and change their tactics –
therefore please study the latest reference material via the below links
• IMB Piracy reporting center – contact details• Piracy home page Kuala Lumpur• PIRACY - THE EAST AFRICA/SOMALIA SITUATION. PRACTICAL MEASURES TO AVOID, DETER
OR DELAY PIRACY ATTACKS (OCIMF).• PRESENTATION: “GULF OF ADEN RECOMMENDED ROUTE”.
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Antipiracy Preparedness & Response Training
Helpful telephone numbers:
1) United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations (UK MTO) (will relay to naval units).
e–mail: [email protected]
Telephone: +971 50 552 3215
Fax: +971 4 306 5710
2) Maritime Security Centre – Horn of Africa (MSC – HOA)
Ops Centre Maritime Security Centre (Horn of Africa) European Union Operation HQ Northwood
Headquarters Sandy Lane, Northwood Middlesex HA6 3HP ENGLAND
Tel: +44 (0) 1923 958545
Fax: +44 (0) 1923 958520
Email: [email protected] or [email protected]
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Antipiracy Preparedness & Response Training
Helpful telephone numbers (cont.):
3) Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa (CJTF- HOA) (has assets and will also relay).
e–mail: [email protected] or [email protected]
Telephone: +253 358 978
4) Maritime Liaison Office – Bahrain (Marlo – Bahrain) (will relay).
Telephone: +973 1785 3927
Cell: +973 3944 2117
5) IMB Piracy Reporting Centre IMB/ICC-CCS 24 hour Anti Piracy Helpline
Telephone: +60 3 2031 0014
IMB Piracy Reporting Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
e–mail: [email protected] or: [email protected]
Telephone: +60 3 2078 5763
Fax: +60 3 2078 5769
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