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![Page 1: Anti-Obesity Surgery Joint Hospital Surgical Grand Round 17 th May 2008 Dr. YuhMeei Cheng Department of Surgery United Christian Hospital.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d895503460f94a6ee2c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Anti-Obesity Surgery
Joint Hospital Surgical Grand Round
17th May 2008
Dr. YuhMeei ChengDepartment of Surgery
United Christian Hospital
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Obesity Classification
WHO Asia Pacific
Class Caucasian Asian Risks of co-morbidities
Underweight < 18.5 < 18.5 Low
Normal 18.8 – 24.9 18.5 – 22.9 average
Overweight >25 >23 increased relatively
Obese I 30 – 34.9 >25 Moderate
Obese II 35 – 39.9 >30 Severe
Obese III > 40 No such classification Severe
WHO guidelines, Asia Pacific Perspective 2005
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Morbid Obesity
Definition
• BMI > 40
• BMI ≥ 35 + at least 2 co-morbidities
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www.doctorsweightsolutions.com
Metabolic syndrome
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Obesity Management
Aim• Loose weight• Minimize complication• Improve self image
• Improve quality of life
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Management – Approach• Dieticians• Physiotherapists• Clinical Psychologists/ Psychiatrists• Endocrinologists• Bariatric Surgeons
Multidisciplinary
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Obesity Management
Lifestyle change
Drug therapy
Interventional bariatric procedures
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Indication for Surgery
Asia- Pacific Perspective National Institute of Health (NIH)
> 32 BMI + DM or co-morbidity
> 35 BMI + 2 co-morbidity
> 37 BMI > 40 BMI
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Bariatric Surgery
Options
predominantly Restrictive BioEnterics Intragastric Balloon Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding Sleeve Gastrectomy
predominantly Malabsorptive Biliopancreatic Diversion +/- Duodenal Switch
combination Roux–en–Y Gastric Bypass
Gastric volume • gastric resection
• non – gastric resection
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Bariatric Surgery
Options
predominantly Restrictive BioEnterics Intragastric Balloon Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding Sleeve Gastrectomy
predominantly Malabsorptive Biliopancreatic Diversion +/- Duodenal Switch
combination Roux–en–Y Gastric Bypass
Diversion of GI content•diversion of food from duodenum•diversion of biliopancreatic secretions
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Intragastric Balloon
Restrictive procedure Endoscopic placement
•Doldi BS et.al, Intragastric balloon: 4-year experience. Obesity Surgery 2002;2:477•W mui et. al, Intragastric Balloon in ethnic obese Chinese: •initial experience. Obesity Surgery 2006;16:308-313
BioEnterics Intragastric Balloon
• stomach volume
•↓ dietary intake
•↑ satiety
• modify eating habit
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Intragastric Balloon
Doldi et.al, Intragastric balloon in obese patients. Obese Surg 2000; 10: 578-81W mui et. al, Intragastric Balloon in ethnic obese Chinese: Initial experience. Obesity Surgery 2006;16:308-313
Advantages Disadvantages
More acceptable Short term
Repeatable Rebound
Reversible Poor weight reduction
Serious complications
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Adjustable Gastric Banding Restrictive procedure Laparoscopic operation
Lap-band system
most common procedure in Asia-Pacific
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Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding
Consensus Conference Statement: Bariatric surgery for morbid obesity: Health implications for patients, health professionals. H. Buchwald, J Am Coll Surg 2005; 200: 593-604
Gastroenterology. Klein et.al. 2002; 123: 883-932
Advantages Disadvantages
Less invasive Permanent band placement
Low operative complication Frequent band adjustments
Maintain normal food passage Poor quality of life
Reversible Persistent bowel problems
Reasonable weight reduction Difficult revision surgery
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Sleeve Gastrectomy Restrictive procedure Laparoscopic or open
approach Increasing popularity
• 4th most common surgery in Asia-Pacific regions
www.gastricsleevepatient.com
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Sleeve Gastrectomy
Himpens J et al. A prospective randomized study between laparoscopic gastric banding and laparoscopic isolated sleeve gastrectomy: results after 1 and 3 years. Obes Surg 2006; 16(11):1450-6
Advantages Disadvantages
Better weight loss ? long term results
Faster and sustained weight reduction Serious complications
Reduction in serum ghrelin level decrease appetite
Irreversible
Preserve normal food passage
Less nutrient and bowel problems
Second stage operation if necessary
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Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Restrictive + malabsorptive Diversion of food passage Gold standard procedure in
USA 2nd most common in Asia-
Pacific region Roux -limb
Common limb
www.healthsystem.Virginia.eduAsia-Pacific Perspective 2005
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Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
Advantages Disadvantages
Better and more predictable weight loss
More serious operative complications
Long lasting effect Long term nutritional complications
Significant improvement in co-morbidities
Persistent bowel problems
Effective in super-obese patients
Difficult reversal surgery
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Other- Biliopancreatic Diversion
Predominantly malaborptive
Gastrectomy
Food passage diverted from duodenum
Mostly done in Europe
100-150ml
200cm
300-400cm~ 60% SB
50-100cm from IC valve www.weightlosssurgery.com.au
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American Modification
Preserve pylorusNormal food
passage to duodenum
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Biliopancreatic Diversion +/- Duodenal Switch
Advantages Disadvantages
Best weight loss High operative complications
Longer lasting effect Long term metabolic complications
2-stage procedure in high risks, extreme obesity patient (BMI > 60)
Essentially irreversible
Consensus Conference Statement: Bariatric surgery for morbid obesity: Health implications for patients, health professionals. H. Buchwald, J Am Coll Surg 2005; 200: 593-604
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Comparisons
1. Efficacy in reducing weight
2. Effective in improving co-morbidities
3. Risks and complications
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% Morbidity % Weight loss
Intragastric balloon
Sleeve Gastrectomy
Gastric banding
Gastric bypass
Biliopancreatic diversion
+/- duodenal switch
• Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is superior to endoscopic intragastric balloon as a first stage procedure for super-obese patients (BMI > or =50). L. Milone et.al, Obes Surg 2005; 15(5):612-7. • Bariatric Surgery. A systemic Review and meta-analysis. H. Buchwald et.al, JAMA 2004-Vol 292, No.14• Meta-Analysis: Surgical Treatments of Obesity. M. Maggard et.al, Ann Intern Med 2005; 142: 547-59• A prospective randomized study between laparoscopic gastric banding and laparoscopic isolated sleeve gastrectomy: results after 1 and 3 years. J. Himpens et.al, Obes Surg 2006; 16(11):1450-6.
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Co-morbidity Outcome
BIB SleeveGastrectomy
Gastricbanding
Gastric bypass BPD +/- DS
% resolved
DM
HT
Hyperlipidaemia
• Effectiveness of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (First Stage of Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch) on Co-Morbidities in Super-Obese High-Risk Patients. G. Silecchia et.al, Obes Surg
• Bariatric Surgery. A systemic Review and meta-analysis. H. Buchwald et.al, JAMA 2004-Vol 292, No.14
• BioEnterics Intragastric Balloon: The Italian Experience with 2515 patients. A Genco et.al, Obes Surg 15, 1161-64
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Conclusions
Bariatric surgery is effective in weight reduction and resolving co-morbidities.
Needs careful patient selection to achieve optimal outcome.
Multidisciplinary approach is essential for successful treatment.
Treatments should be tailored to individual needs, as there are no universal protocols yet.
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Thank you
5-6 June 2008