Anti Biotics Misuse

8/11/2019 Anti Biotics Misuse

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What Well Learn...

How are viruses and bacteriadifferent?

How illness is spread.

Myths and facts about antibiotics.

Tips for for preventing the spread ofillness.


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A communicable disease is disease that can bepassed from one person to another. Thesediseases are often caused by germs, such as

bacteria or viruses.

Influenza Virus

Flu

StreptococcusPneumoniae Bacteria

Ear infections

Meningitis

Pneumonia


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Some examples of contagious bacterialdiseases are:

-strep throat-impetigo-pertussis (whooping

cough)-bacterial conjunctivitis(pink eye)

Antibiotics Work


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Some contagious viral infections include:

varicella (chicken pox)rubella (German measles)the common cold

hepatitismumpsinfectious mononucleosisrubeola (measles)

Antibiotics Dont Work


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Why do young children

have more illness?


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Infection can result from sharing towels,dishes, or from handling contaminated objects.Indirect contact or skin to skin contact canalso result in the spread of an illness.


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Sometimes an illness is passed to others bya carrier, or a person who has been infectedby a germ but does not look or feel sick. Thisperson may carry the germ in their nose,throat, or stomach. They can pass the germto others by coughing, sneezing, or by not

washing their hands properly.


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Your hands carrymany germs evenif you cant seethem.

Many people dontwash their handsbecause they lookclean.

As you can see

this is not alwaysthe case.

Light patches indicategerms carried on the

hands


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How are Bacteria andViruses Different?


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Viruses

cause most common respiratoryillnesses, such as colds and coughs

cause a variety of infections fromdiarrhea to meningitis may take 2-3 weeks to resolve

completely

some viruses can be prevented byvaccines and immunizations

antibiotics do not work for viruses


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Viruses Cause...

Most bronchitis/chest colds

Green/yellownasal discharge

Flu

Most sore throats

Ear aches and some sinusitis

.viruses clear up on theirown - antibiotics won't help!


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Bacteria

make you sick when they are wherethey dont belong or grow more rapidlythan normal

live in your mouth, nose and throat

are necessary for normal body functions

like digestion are one of the oldest living things on

Earth


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Bacteria Cause...

Strep throat

Some ear infections

Some sinus infections Pneumonia

...these can be treated with antibiotics


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Virus or Bacteria:

Who Knows? Let your healthcare provider

decide!

It is often hard to tell if illnessesare caused by a virusor bacteria

Don't pressure healthcare

providers or parents for antibiotics


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What are

Antibiotics?

Powerful medicines with one veryimportant job: to fight disease-causing

bacteria.When used properly, antibiotics can savelives.


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Antibiotic Resistant

Bacteria Are:Bacteria that mutate and areable to resist the antibiotics thatare meant to kill them.

This is a normal process speededup by the overuse and misuse ofantibiotics.


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What is Antibiotic Misuse?

Taking antibiotics when they are not needed: for viral infections

When needed, taking antibiotics incorrectly:

stopping the medicine when you feelbetter - not finishing the prescription

saving antibiotics for a future illness

sharing or using someone elses medicine


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Why is Antibiotic Misuse

a Problem?1. Antibiotics become less effective and

may not work the next time you use

them.2. Improper use of antibiotics leads to

more antibiotic resistant bacteria.

3. Antibiotic resistant bacteria can bespread throughout the community andfrom person to person.


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Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria

Require stronger antibiotics

Are more common in people whorecently used antibiotics*

Can be spread within a family or acommunity

Can affect anyone Are becoming more common


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Myths & Facts aboutAntibiotics andRespiratory Illness


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Myths and Facts

Myth: Cold and flu symptoms will feelbetter or get better faster on antibiotics

Fact: Antibiotics cannot ease the

symptoms of viral illnesses; theseinfections resolve on their own

Children and adults need extra rest andcare, extra fluidsnot antibiotics,

symptomatic relief is helpful


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Myths and Facts

Myth: Illnesses with the samesymptoms require antibiotics

Fact: Illnesses with similar symptoms

can be caused by different germsLet a healthcare provider decide if theillness is caused by a virusor bacteria-and if antibiotics are needed


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Myths and Facts

Myth: If I take an antibiotic, I wontspread my illness to others

Fact: Viral illnesses (colds, flu, etc.)

usually spread from person to personbefore the onset of symptoms; before aperson appears ill

Antibiotics cannot stop the spread of viral

illnesses


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How do we Stop AntibioticMisuse?

Dont ask for antibiotics let yourdoctor decide if you need them

Always take antibiotics exactly asprescribed

Finish the whole prescription - do notstop when you feel better

Never save antibiotics for a future

illness or share with others


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How Can You KeepYourself Well

Handwashing

Immunizations


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Wash Your Hands...

Upon arrival to and before leaving work Before and after handling food

Before and after toileting

After:

working outside

handling pets

handling any body fluids wiping a child's nose or your own

using play dough, sand or water tables


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Hand Washing is ImportantBecause

80% of disease isspread by your hands.

Hand washing is themost effective way toprevent the spread ofrespiratory illness.

Some germs can liveon dry surfaces forseveral hours andmoist surfaces like,

sinks for 3 days.


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Handwashing Guidelines Wet hands with warm, running water

Add soap (preferably liquid), rub handstogether to make a lather, away fromwater, for at least 15 seconds

Rinse hands well Dry thoroughly with a clean, disposable

towel

Use a hand sanitizer (alcohol-based)when soap and running water is notavailable (when outside or on trips,wash hands upon return from trips)


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Despite Good Handwashing,

Children and adults will stillget sick...


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Immunizations

Immunizations are anotherimportant part of infectioncontrol for vaccinepreventable disease

Make sure you and yourfamily is up-to-date on

immunizations

Get an annual flu shot


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Take Home Messages

Virusescause most common

respiratory illnessesViral illness needs time to heal -antibiotics cannot help


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Take Home Messages

Taking antibiotics for viral illnesses willnot:

cure the infection

keep others from getting the illness

make you feel better

But it will make it more likely youwill have resistant bacteria in yourbody.


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Bottom Line

Antibiotics are powerful medicines, butthey're not always the answer!

Misusing antibiotics now means theymay not work when needed later tofight a bacterial infection

We all need to play a role to help keepantibiotics working!

Anti Biotics Misuse

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