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ANTERIOR TRIANGLE
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Transcript of ANTERIOR TRIANGLE
ANTERIOR TRIANGLE
•It is in front of the Sternomastoid muscle.
BOUNDARIES•Anteriorly : midline of
the neck.•Posteriorly: anterior
border of sternomastoid.
•Superiorly: lower margin of the body of the mandible.
BOUNDARIES•Roof:
•skin, superficial fascia (containing platysma) and the Investing layer of deep cervical fascia.
SUBDIVISIONS•The anterior triangle
is subdivided by : •The Anterior and
Posterior bellies of the Digastric and
•The Superior belly of Omohyoid into (4) smaller triangles.
SUBDIVISIONS
SUBMENTAL
SUBMANDIBULARCAROTIDMUSCULAR
SUBMENTAL TRIANGLE•It lies below the chin.
•Boundaries: •Anteriorly: midline of
the neck.•Laterally: Anterior belly
of Digastric.
BOUNDARIES•Inferiorly : body
of the hyoid.•Floor:
Mylohyoid muscle.
CONTENTS•Submental
lymph nodes.•They receive
lymph from the tip of the tongue.
MYLOHYOID MUSCLE•It is a flat triangular
sheet that supports the floor of the mouth and tongue (forms the main part of the floor of the mouth).
•Origin : •Mylohyoid line of
the mandible.
MYLOHYOID•Insertion:
•The anterior fibers: Into a Fibrous Raphe .
•The posterior fibers: Into the body of hyoid bone.
MYLOHYOID•Nerve supply:
•Nerve to mylohyoid.
MYLOHYOID•Action:
•If the mandible is fixed: Elevates the floor of the mouth as in deglutition.
•If the hyoid bone is fixed: Depresses the mandible and opens the mouth.
DIGASTRIC TRIANGLE•It lies below the body
of the mandible.•Boundaries:
•Anteriorly: •Anterior belly of
Digastric.•Posteriorly:
•Posterior belly of digastric & Stylohyoid.
DIGASTRIC TRIANGLE•Superiorly:
•Lower border of the body of the mandible.
•Floor: •Mylohyoid.
Hyoglossus .
CONTENTS•A. Anterior part: •(1 )Submandibular
salivary gland.•(2 )Facial artery (deep to
gland).•(3 )Facial vein
•(4 )Submandibular lymph nodes.
•The vein and lymph nodes are superficial to the gland.
CONTENTS•(5 )Hypoglossal
nerve.•(6 )Nerve and
vessels to mylohyoid.
CONTENTS•B. posterior
part:•1 .Carotid
sheath and its contents.
•2. parotid gland (Lower part)
DIGASTRIC MUSCLE•It has two bellies :
•Anterior and Posterior .•Posterior belly :
•Arises from the mastoid process .
•Inserted into the intermediate tendon.
•Anterior belly attached to the lower border of body of mandible.
DIGASTRIC MUSCLE•Insertion : to the
•Intermediate Tendon.
•It pierces the insertion of stylohyoid.
•It binds to the hyoid bone by a loop of deep fascia.
NERVE SUPPLY•Posterior belly:
Facial Nerve •Anterior belly:
•The nerve to Mylohyoid.
ACTION
Depression of the mandible .
OR•Elevation of the
hyoid bone.
STYLOHYOID MUSCLE•Origin:
•The styloid process.•It runs along the upper
border of the posterior belly of digastric.
•Insertion: •Hyoid bone (between
body and greater horn).
STYLOHYOID MUSCLE•Nerve supply:
•Facial nerve.•Action:
•Elevation of hyoid bone.
CAROTID TRIANGLE•It is behind the hyoid
bone.•Boundaries:
•Superiorly: •Posterior belly of
Digastric.•Inferiorly:
•Superior belly of Omohyoid.
BOUNDARIES•Posteriorly:
•Anterior border of sternomastoid.
•Floor: •Thyrohyoid.
Hyoglossus.•Middle & Inferior
constrictors of the pharynx.
CONTENTS•(1 )Carotid sheath
•(2 )Hypoglossal nerve and its descending branch.
•(3 )Acessory nerve.
CONTENTS•(4 )Internal and
External laryngeal nerves.
•(5 )Deep cervical lymph nodes.
CAROTID SHEATH•It is a
condensation of deep cervical fascia.
•It is attached to the base of the skull superiorly and fuses with the pericardium inferiorly.
CONTENTS•1 .Common and
internal carotid arteries.
•2 .Internal jugular vein.
•3 .Vagus nerve.•4 .Deep cervical
lymph nodes. They form a chain along the internal jugular vein.
CAROTID SHEATH•It is crossed by•Glossopharynge
al.•Hypoglossal.•Spinal part of
acessory.
MUSCULAR TRIANGLE•It lies below the hyoid
bone.•Boundaries:
•Anteriorly: •Midline of the neck.
•Superiorly: •Superior belly of
Omohyoid.
MUSCULAR TRIANGLE•Inferiorly:
•Anterior border of Sternomastoid
•Floor: •Sternohyoid.
Sternothyroid.
FLOOR•Beneath the floor
lie:•Thyroid gland.
•Larynx.•Trachea.
•Esophagus.
INFRAHYOID MUSCLES
STERNOHYOID
STERNOTHYROID
THYROHOID OMOHYOID
ORIGIN•Sternohyoid &
Sternothyroid: •Posterior surface of
the manubrium.•Thyrohyoid:
•Oblique line of thyroid cartilage.
ORIGIN•Omohyoid:
•Inferior belly: •Suprascapular ligament
and Suprascapular notch.•Superior belly:
•Intermediate tendon.
INSERTION•Sternohyoid &
Sternothyroid: •Hyoid bone (lower
border).•Oblique line of
thyroid cartilage.•Thyrohyoid:
•Hyoid bone (lower border).
INSERTION•Omohyoid
•Hyoid bone (lower border).
NERVE SUPPLY•Ansa Cervicalis
(C1,2&3) •EXCEPT
•Thyrohyoid: •(C1) through the
hypoglossal nerve.
ACTION•(1 )stabilization of
the hyoid bone to make a base for the movements of the tongue.
•(2 )Assistance in the movements of the larynx in swallowing.