Anorexia Losing Weight

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    Chapter 1

    INTRODUCTION

    Background of the Library Research

    The concept of what constitutes correct weight has undergone marked revision

    in recent years. Even today, the definition of the term normal and desirable weight is

    sharply debated. To assess the weight status of individuals we have traditionally used

    height-weight tables derived from experiences. It is recognized that when growth in

    height has been achieved, there is no biological need to regain weight in excess of that

    which is satisfactory for individuals. lso, the best health prognosis is found in

    individual of average or less than average weight in the early !"#s who maintain this

    weight throughout adult years. $tudies indicate that certain disease in adults are

    associated with excessive weight, and that fat people are more likely to die at a

    younger age than people of normal weight. %&ooper, '(()*.

    This fact might be the reason why some overweight individuals choose to

    undergo weight reduction system. The introduction of diet pill and establishment of

    many fitness centers in the country encouraged more health awareness especially to

    fat individuals.

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    It was one principal discovery in the past that overweight is associated with

    relatively high mortality. The greater the person#s weight the greater his risk of early

    death. ecent statistics show that man who weight '" to '( percent more than their

    ideal weights have a mortality rate one third higher than man of ideal weight. or

    those who weight !" percent more above their ideal weight, the mortality rate is half

    gain as high.

    Estimates of the number of overweight people in the nited $tates vary from

    ') million to /" million. In the 0hilippines, overweight people reached about '1

    percent of the total population of individuals with age ranging from ' ) to 2) %345,

    '(()*.

    The increasing interest of overweight individuals on commercially made

    reducing products motivated the researchers to pursue an investigations which aims to

    determine the effectiveness of these products in reducing weight of overweight

    individuals. Thus, the researchers conducted this study in order to share a wider point

    of view of the individuals who are clients of commercial weight loss product. The

    study has the aim in view of creating n idea that would best promote health and

    general well being of the overweight individuals.

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    STT!"!NT O# T$! %ROBL!"

    The study sought to answer the following 6uestions uses as the basis of this

    study.

    $pecifically7

    '. what are the causes and effects of teenage girls 8 obsession in losing

    weight9

    !. mong the treatments of anorexia what is the best treatment

    prescribed by authorities9

    SI&NI#ICNC! O# T$! STUD'

    This study focuses on the study of the causes and effects of teenage girls 8

    obsession in losing weight. urthermore this study would serve as knowledgeable fund

    for the writers, and researchers. lso, this study aims to appraise the problems arises

    on this issue particularly on its effect.

    SCO%! ND LI"ITTIONS

    This study is delimited in knowing the causes and effects of teenage girls#

    obsession in losing weight and on how to prevention in order to avoid severe

    complications of the condition of the person who are obese.

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    D!#INITION O# T!R"S

    ppetite Is the desire to eat food, felt as hunger. It exists in all

    higher lifeforms, and serves to regulate ade6uate energyintake to maintain metabolic needs.

    &ommercial :eight-reducing 0roducts. These are the branded commercial products

    that are said to have effects on reduction of weight. It ismostly advised to overweight or obese individuals.

    Effectiveness The condition which enhance a positive result or outcome.

    4besity The stage of being overweight. Increased body sizewith increased lean body mass and without excess

    accumulation of body fat.

    $pirulina This famed blue-green algae contains concentrations of nutrients unlike any other single grain, plant or herb.

    :eight eduction. It pertains to a declaim of weight in pounds or in

    kilograms.

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    Chapter (

    DISCUSSION

    norexia is an eating disorder where people starve themselves. norexia

    usually begins in young people around the onset of puberty. Individuals suffering from

    anorexia have extreme weight loss. :eight loss is usually '); below the person

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    for denial, resistance, and even anger. doctor and>or a counselor can help them battle

    their eating disorder.

    Sy)pto)s

    There are many symptoms for anorexia, some individuals may not experience

    all of they symptoms. The symptoms include7 =ody weight that is inconsistant with

    age, build and height %usually '); below normal weight*.

    $ome other symtoms are7

    ?oss of at least 1 consecutive menstral periods %in women*.

    @ot wanting or refusing to eat in public.

    4ther symptoms are7 anxiety, weakness, brittle skin, shortness of

    breath, obsessiveness about calorie intake

    0eople who have anorexia try to hide their condition, so others may not notice

    the signs and symptoms of the eating disorder. The warning signs and symptoms of

    anorexia include7

    dramatic weight lossA refusal to maintain the minimal normal body

    weight for one#s age and height

    basing self-worth on body weight and body image

    fre6uent skipping of meals, with excuses for not eating

    eating only a few foods, especially those low in fat and calories

    making meals for others, but not eating the meals themselves

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    fre6uent weighing of oneself and focusing on tiny fluctuations in

    weight

    wearing baggy clothing to cover up thinness

    excessive focus on an exercise regimen

    fre6uent looking in the mirror for flaws

    avoidance of social gatherings where food is involved

    even when thin, complaining about being overweight

    in females, missing three consecutive menstrual periodsA in males,

    decreased sexual desire

    types of anore+ia

    There are two types of anorexia, based on whether the anorexia is combined

    with bulimia7

    C*assic nore+ia ,Restricting nore+ia-B The person eats very little and

    loses weight through self-starvation or excessive exercise. &alories consumed are

    insufficient to support bodily functions and activities.

    Binge.!ating/%urging nore+ia B In addition to cutting the intake of

    calories, this person also binges and purges %self-induced vomiting, or misuse of

    laxatives, diuretics, or enemas*. The person has symptoms of both anorexia and

    bulimia. bout )"; of people with anorexia also develop bulimia.

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    %hysica* effects of anore+ia

    In addition to the wide-ranging physical effects of anorexia that are noted in

    the diagram above, the following can occur7

    5air loss

    ?owered resistance to illness

    5ypersensitivity to heat

    ?ess need for sleep than normal eaters

    $evere dehydration, which can result in kidney failure

    atigue and overall weakness

    In severe cases7 heart trouble, low blood pressure, low heart rate, low body

    temperature, poor circulation, anemia, stunted growth, and even death

    !)otiona* and beha0iora* effects of anore+ia

    In addition to the depression, irritability, and bad memory noted in Brain and

    Nerves in the diagram above, the following emotional and behavioral effects of

    anorexia can occur7

    3ifficulty in concentrating on anything else except weight

    Isolation from family and friends

    Emotional regression to a child-like state

    eelings of guilt

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    3ependence upon alcohol or drugs to handle the negative outlook

    "edica* Conseuenses

    There are many medical risks associated with anorexia. They include7

    shrunken bones, mineral loss, low body temperature, irregular heartbeat, permanent

    failure of normal growth, development ofosteoporosisandbulimia nervosa.

    &ontinued use of laxatives is harmful to the body. It wears out the bowel

    muscle and casues it to decrease in function. $ome laxatives contain harsh substances

    that may be reabsorbed into your system.

    nore+ia and %regnancy

    In order to have a healthy child, the average pregnant woman should gain

    between !) and 1) pounds. Telling this to a person with anorexia is like telling a

    normal person to gain '"" pounds. If you are anorexic, you may have trouble

    conceiving a baby and carrying it to term. Irregular menstral cycles and weak bones

    make it more difficult to conceive. If you are underweight and do not eat the proper

    variety of foods, you and your baby could be in danger.

    :omen with eating disorders have higher rates of miscarriages and your baby

    might be born prematurely which puts them at risk for many medical problems.

    ll pregnant women should receive proper prenatal care. Those recovering

    from anorexia or bulimia need special care. you should always take your pre-natal

    vitamins and have regular pre-natal visits. you should not exercise unless your doctor

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    http://www.mamashealth.com/osteoporosis.asphttp://www.mamashealth.com/eat/bulimia.asphttp://www.mamashealth.com/osteoporosis.asphttp://www.mamashealth.com/eat/bulimia.asp
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    says it is okay and it is a good idea to enroll in a prenatal exercise class to be sure you

    are not overexerting yourself.

    Statistics

    4ne percent of teenage girls in the .$. develop anorexia nervosa and

    up to '"; of those may die as a result.

    The biggest difference between anorexia and bulimia is that people suffering

    from bulimia eat large amounts of food and then throw up. This is called binge and

    purge. norexics do not eat large amounts and throw up. =ulimics do.

    Is obesity hereditary

    0eople gain weight when the body takes in more calories than it burns off.

    Those extra calories are stored as fat. The amount of weight gain that leads to obesity

    doesn

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    that lead to weight gain. In most cases, weight problems arise from a combination of

    habits and genetic factors. &ertain illnesses, like thyroid gland problemsor unusual

    genetic disorders, are uncommon causes for people gaining weight.

    $ometimes emotions can fuel obesity as well. 0eople tend to eat more when

    they are upset, anxious, sad, stressed out, or even bored. Then after they eat too much,

    they may feel bad about it and eat more to deal with those bad feelings, creating a

    tough cycle to break.

    4ne of the most important factors in weight gain is a sedentary lifestyle.

    0eople are much less active today than they used to be, with televisions, computers,

    and video games filling their spare time. &ars dominate our lives, and fewer people

    walk or ride bikes to get somewhere. s lives become busier, there is less time to cook

    healthy meals, so more and more people eat at restaurants, grab takeout food, or buy

    6uick foods at the grocery store or food market to heat up at home. ll of these can

    contain lots more fat and calories than meals prepared from fresh foods at home.

    Treat)ents of Obesity

    The number of people who are obese is rising. bout '.! billion people in the

    world are overweight and at least 1"" million of them are obese, even though obesity

    is one of the '" most preventable health risks, according to the :orld 5ealth

    4rganization. In the nited $tates, more than (C million adults - that

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    are overweight and almost one in five adults is obese. mong teenagers and kids 2

    years and older, more than '); are overweight - that

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    Chapter 2

    SU""R'3 CONCLUSION ND R!CO""!NDTIONS

    SU""R'

    norexia @ervosa is an illness that mainly affects adolescent girls although it

    can occur both in boys or girls younger or older than this. The most common features

    are loss of weight coupled with a change in behaviour. The weight loss is slowly

    progressive and often starts with a perfectly normal weight reducing diet. It may only

    be after this has continued for several months that it seems a cause for worry, usually

    because by then the weight loss is extreme. To start with the girls are single minded

    in their determination to lose weight. ttempts to frustrate their efforts are generally

    met with anger or deceit or a combination of both. &onfrontation, rational discussion,

    bullying or bribery will probably fail to cause more than a very brief change of eating

    behaviour. &ontinuing weight loss will lead to increasing concern by the family.

    girl of average height will probably be unable to continue at school once her weight

    falls below around six stones.

    The personality changes that she may experience will be those of increasing

    seriousness and introversion. $he will become less outgoing and less fun. $he will

    usually begin to lose contact with her friends and may appear to lose interest in

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    everything apart from food and academic work. $he may show increased obsessional

    behaviour especially in the kitchen where she may become concerned with

    cleanliness, orderliness and precise timing of meals. $he may well seem to wish to

    cook for the family and appear to encourage them to overeat. $he will regress and

    appear to lose confidence. $he may become less assertive, less argumentative and

    more dependant. t the same time her behaviour will increasingly control the lives of

    all around her.

    Conc*usion

    I therefore conclude that there are some aspects of cause that are unknown.

    rom what we do know it seems that this is a disorder of many causes that come

    together to produce the illness. These recognised ingredients include the nature of the

    personality of the girl herself, aspects of her family its members and relationships, and

    stresses and problems occurring outside home, often at school. There is an increased

    risk in families in which there are other anorexics and this probably indicates a genetic

    predisposition also. The trigger is weight loss from any cause, the most usual being a

    normal weight reducing diet to lose

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    tidiness. These traits may be 6uite marked before the onset of anorexia but they are

    usually accentuated by the disorder.

    Reco))endation

    I therefore recommend The human body copes with periods of semistarvation

    and weight loss fairly well. $ubse6uent return to normal weight and eating pattern is

    usually accompanied by the restoration of physical normality including the ability to

    have children. 3uring the period of weight loss the body tries to conserve energy as

    best it can and so inessential functions become gradually lost. The menstrual cycle

    stops as the weight falls below about seven stones four pounds and may stop earlier if

    the eating pattern is very abnormal. The circulation diminishes with coldness of the

    hands and feet that often become reddened. The heart rate slows and the blood

    pressure falls. 3anger from a failing heart becomes a risk at very low weights, below

    around five stones, if the weight loss is extremely rapid, or if the chemistry is distorted

    by an extreme of vomiting, purging, or diuretic %water tablet* abuse. It is hard to assess

    a dangerously low weight but sudden death will more fre6uently occur once the

    weight has fallen by forty per cent of normal. In practice this often means somewhere

    near five stones. 0rolonged weight loss during adolescence may eventually lead to

    permanent failure of normal growth but this is only common when the illness begins

    early in adolescence and lasts for several years. similar severity of anorexic

    symptoms may lead to the problem of osteoporosis, or thinning of the bones, later in

    life.

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    =I=?I4H05

    Janssen I, Katzmarzyk 0T, oss . Waist circumference and not body mass index

    explains obesity-related health risk.m J &lin @utr !""/AC(71C(-D/ 0FI3

    '/(D)!'"

    The Oxford English ictionary%website*

    +angipuram $3, $heele J, tkinson ?, 5olland T&, 3hurandhar @+. ! human

    adenovirus enhances preadipocyte differentiation.4bes es !""/.

    lier J$. Obesity "ars# molecular progress confronts an expanding epidemic. &ell!""/.

    ?evine J, ?anningham-oster ?F, Fc&rady $K, Krizan &, 4lson ?, Kane 05,Jensen F3, &lark FF. $nterindividual variation in posture allocation#

    possible role in human obesity.$cience !"").

    ?opez . %rban spra"l and risk for being over"eight or obese.m J 0ubl 5ealth

    !""/.

    Lagorsky J?.$s Obesity as angerous to &our Wealth as to &our 'ealth(es ging

    !""/A!27'1"-')!. 03 fulltext%http#))roa.sagepub.com)cgi)reprint)*+),),*.

    :hitmer , Hunderson E0, =arrett-&onnor E, Muesenberry &0 Jr, affe K. Obesityin middle age and future risk of dementia# a */ year longitudinal population

    based study.=FJ !"").

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    http://www.answers.com/main/ntquery?method=4&dsid=2222&dekey=Oxford+English+Dictionary&gwp=8&curtab=2222_1http://roa.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/26/1/130http://www.answers.com/main/ntquery?method=4&dsid=2222&dekey=Oxford+English+Dictionary&gwp=8&curtab=2222_1http://roa.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/26/1/130
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    ?&EF-@4T5:E$TE@ @I+E$IT

    3agupan &ity

    CUS!S ND !##!CTS O# T!!N&! &IRLS

    OBS!SSION IN LOSIN&

    4!I&$T

    In 0artial ulfillment of the

    e6uirements for HE&-Engl '%&ommunication rts *

    by

    &herry Fay =. +illedo, =$@ I-2

    4ctober !""C

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    T=?E 4 &4@TE@T$

    Title 0ageNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN. i

    cknowledgementsNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ii

    3edicationNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN iii

    Table of &ontentsNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN.. iv

    &hapter ' I@T43&TI4@

    =ackground of the ?ibrary esearchNNNNNNNNNN '

    $tatement of the 0roblemNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN !

    $ignificance of the ?ibrary esearchNNNNNNNNNN !

    $cope and ?imitationsNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN 1

    3efinition of TermsNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN 1

    &hapter ! 3I$&$$I4@

    :hat is norexia 2

    &auses and Effects of Teenage obsession in losing weight C

    $tatistics and Issues (

    &hapter 1 $FF, &4@&?$I4@$ @3 E&4FFE@3TI4@$

    $ummary NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN ''

    &onclusionsNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN '!

    ecommendationsNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN '!

    =ibliographyNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN '1

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    ckno5*edg)ent

    The researcher would like to extend his insightful thanks and gratitude to the

    following person who extend their help.

    irst of all, to the 5eavenly ather, who showered her with wonderful gift and

    blessings and strength to surpass problems and obstacles that come in her way.

    To her family most especially to her parents for their untiring support that

    serves as an inspiration to her all the way to finish this research.

    inally, to her English Instructor for the positive outlook portrayed on us and

    for the encouragement and guidance to make this research paper complete and for all

    the suggestions, comments and support in order to improve this research paper.

    &herry Fay =. +illedo

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    Dedication

    The researcher wholeheartedly dedicate this research paper to

    her parents, friends classmates, =eloved Instructor,

    faculty of ?yceum @orthwestern niversity.

    nd to our ?ord for 5e is the one who help

    her a lot in materializing,

    research and compiling

    this proect.

    &herry Fay =. +illedo

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