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PROJECT REPORT

ON

MODELLING OF A RESIDENTIALBUILDING

(DONE I N REVI T ARCHI TECTURE)

SUBMITTED BY

ANOOP RP

GUIDED BY

Mr.ANAND.A.DASCustomer Care Engineer (Civil),

CADD CENTRE,Vanross Jn,

Thiruvananthapuram.

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THIRUVANANTHAPURAM

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this project report entitled MODELING OFARESIDENTIAL BUILDING is a complete record of the work done by

ANOOP RP for the requirement for the award of PROFESSIONALIN BUILDING DESIGN during the year 2013 from CADD CENTRE,

THIRUVANANTHAPURAM.

Guided by:

Mr ARUN D.Technical LeaderCADD CentreVanross Jn.Trivandrum

Mr.ANAND.A.DASCustomer Care Engg (Civil)CADD CentreVanross Jn.Trivandrum

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all I wish to thank the CADD CENTRE Thiruvananthapuram, having given

me the opportunity and facilities to pursue the project and present the report.

I take this opportunity to express my deep sense of gratitude to all those concerned for

their valuable suggestions and guidance, especially

Mr.ANAND.A.DAS, Customer Care Engineer (Civil) of CADD CENTRE

for the technical information imparted by her is gratefully acknowledged.

I also use this opportunity to express my heartfelt thanks to Mr. ARUN D. Technical

Leader of CADD CENTRE for the encouragement provided by him to make this project a

success.

I accord myself the privilege of thanking all other members of CADD CENTRE who weredirectly and indirectly connected to this project.

ANOOP RP

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HISTORY OF REVIT

Individuals from Charles River Software started the development ofRevit in year in1997.In 2000 the company was renamed Revit Technology Corporation andon April 5, 2000 in Cambridge, MA the first version of Revit (1.0)was released. First offered as a software lease, Revit was the first

parametric building modeler specifically designed for the AECindustry. Its technology offered the model concept with an easy-to-use platform designed to enable architects, engineers and con tractors

life-cycle planning for building projects. Revit's intelligent designenvironment encouraged design revisions because there was real-timesynchronization of the documentation.

On February 21, 2002, Autodesk announced plans to acquire RevitTechnology Corporation. The acquisition meant more research,development and improvement of the software.Since purchasing Revit, Autodesk has developed three versions ofRevit for the varying building design disciplines:

REVIT ARCHITECTURE, for architects and building designers(formerly Revit Building).

REVIT STRUCTURE, for structural engineers. REVIT MEP, for mechanical, electrical and plumbing engineers

(formerly Revit Systems).Revit is intended to be a major component in Building InformationModeling . A main function of Revit is to eliminate redundancies suchas having multiple models across industries. Currently, architects,consultants, general contractors, and manufacturers all create theirown models and databases from information handed down in a chainof command. BIM intends to replace this approach with a morecentralized one. Revit models created in different disciplines(Architectural, Structural, and Mechanical) can be linked and/orcombined into one model. This allows a single model and associateddatabase to be kept, ensuring that all parties have the latestinformation and that there are no errors in translation. Revit alsoutilizes its rendering engine to remove the interpretation from

http://autodesk.com/revitarchitecturehttp://autodesk.com/revitstructurehttp://autodesk.com/revitmephttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Information_Modelinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Information_Modelinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Information_Modelinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Information_Modelinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Information_Modelinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Information_Modelinghttp://autodesk.com/revitmephttp://autodesk.com/revitstructurehttp://autodesk.com/revitarchitecture

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complex geometries, allowing more intricate designs to be made andunderstood.

Revit uses the term 'family' to describe a discrete definition of a partof the building model. There are many Categories of Families, but

three main types: System, Component and In-Place Families.A hierarchical system is used, where a Family tells Revit how to makesomething, a Type (of a Family) forces certain parameters to beapplied, and an Element (or Instance) (of a Type) is the actual part ofthe building model.

UNDERSTANDING REVIT PARAMETRICELEMENTSEvery element in Revit is considered a family , and each family

belongs to a category .

Figure : Essential categorization of Revit elementsRevit uses a classification system to organize all the families in themodel. This system of organization is based specifically on the AEC

industry and is set up to help manage relationships between classes ofelements as well as the graphical representation for each class.

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MODEL CATEGORIES

Model Object categories the first tab in the Object Styles dialog box include all the real world types of objects typically found in

buildings. These object categories include elements such as walls,floors, roofs, and furniture, along with other categories that makesense in an architectural project.

ANNOTATION CATEGORIES Annotation Object categories include all the annotations, symbols,

and descriptive data added to a view to describe the building. Theseare listed in the second tab of the Object Styles dialog box. Mostannotations are view-specific 2D elements and appear only in theview in which theywere created. Examples include dimensions, tags, callouts, and textnotes. Annotations such as sections, levels, and grids are 2D graphics,

but they have 3D characteristics and appear in other views. Theseelements (levels, grids, sections) appear in many views thanks to BIM

application functionality. Levels, grids, and section marks extendthroughout the model and can be edited from multiple views. Youdont need to draw these elements in each view as separate,disconnectedgraphics. With Rev it, theyre truly 3D annotations. (Levels, grids, andsection marks never appear in 3D views.)

VIEWS

Views are also considered parametric elements in Revit, and theyhave many properties to help you define how they should displayinformation. A view doesn t change the model in any way it only actsas a filter through which you view the model. This also applies toschedules andmaterial take-offs. Although schedules are more abstract ways tothink of a view, theyre still parametric views into the model.

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PLAN VIEWS

The floor plan view is the default view in a new project. Most projectsinclude at least one floor plan.

SECTIONS AND ELEVATIONSElevation views are part of the default template in Revit Architecture.When you create a project with the default template, 4 elevationviews are included: north, south, east, and west. It is in elevationviews where you sketch level lines. For each level line that yousketch, a corresponding plan view is created.Providesections ,elevations, exterior elevations and interior elevations directly withoutany delay in time.

3D SECTIONS Helps to clip the viewable portions of a 3d view

3D VIEWS

You can create perspective and orthographic 3D views in RevitArchitecture.

Perspective 3D Views Orthographic 3D Views

PERSPECTIVE 3D VIEWS

Perspective 3D views show the building model in a 3D viewwhere components that are further away appear smaller, andcomponents that are closer appear larger.

You can select elements in a perspective view and modify their typeand instance properties. When you create or view a perspective 3Dview, the View Control Bar indicates that the view is a perspectiveview.

ORTHOGRAPHIC 3D VIEWS

Orthographic 3D views show the building model in a 3D viewwhere all components are the same size regardless of the cameras

distance.

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TYPE AND INSTANCE PARAMETERSA parametric element is something that can change size, material, andgraphic look but is still the same fundamental element. Most elements

in Revit are designed with parameters that allow for the creation ofvariations of a base type.Take a typical Revit door family as an example. Each family can havemany types built into it, where each type typically represents avariation in size, material, color, or other defining characteristic.Although each type can vary in shape and size, the base geometry foreach type is derived from the same family.Depending on how the family is built, parameters can affect either the

type or the instance . A change of type parameters affects all instancesof this type in the same family used in the model, whereas instance parameters affect only the selected instance. This is an importantdistinction: you can change instance properties only when you havean element selected, but you can change type properties withoutselecting anything.

BIDIRECTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS

Objects with parameters that can be edited are nothing new in theworld of software. But what makes Revit unique is its ability to go beyond 3D objects with parameters and create relationships betweenobjects. This ability, which includes the parametric relationships andthe underlyingchange engine, is a core technological advantage built into Revit.Another powerful manifestation of interrelationships occurs amongwalls, floors, roofs, components, and levels. They all have explicit

relationships to levels, so that if a level changes elevation,all elementsassociated with that level update automatically. Not only do the basesof the walls attached to a level change, but the tops of the wallsattached to this level also change.

CONSTRAINTSDuring the design phase, you may want to apply some dimensionalrules to the design and make sure they arent altered. These rules

might be a minimum hallway width for code compliance or amaximum office square footage for a particular user. Whatever therestriction, Revit

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dimensions make it possible to lock it down and create a constraint.This constraint is independent, but its related to the dimension. If youdelete the dimension, you can keep the constrained condition andknow that the model will maintain those relationships. The point is

that a dimensioncan be much more than a 2D annotation.These design rules are usedall the time, but not many software applications let you capture thisdesign intent in the model. If you run a dimension string from level tolevel and lock the dimensions youre locking the relationship betweenthese elements in the whole model. By locking down elements, youmake it harder for other elements in the model to break this importantdesign intent and thus keep the model more intact and predictable.

REVIT FAMILIESRevit families are used to create your model. There are threeoverarching methods for creating families in Revit:

System families Component (Standard) families In-place families

The difference between them lies in their creation method, in whatcontext theyre created, and the types of parameters available. Letsreview each of these types of families.

SYSTEM FAMILIESModel system families are made up of a limited set of categories:walls, roofs, floors, ceilings, stairs, railings, ramps, mullions, curtain

panels, mechanical equipment, and toposurfaces(topography).

For example, to make walls you can just start drawing (placing awall), whereas to make a floor or roof, you enter a Sketch mode inwhich youdefine the outer shape with lines that then generate a 3D model of thefloor. For stairs and railings,you enter a more detailed Sketch modethat has additional features not available for floors or roofs. Whenmaking toposurfaces, you use a Sketch mode that lets you edit 3D

points specifictotoposurfaces. As you can see, system families all have slightlydifferent creation methods.You can create new types of systemfamilies by duplicating existing types and editing their parameters. If

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you ve been using Revit for any length of time, then this method ofduplicating a type to create new types should be familiar territory foryou.You cant create new categories in Revit. These categories are

predefined within Revit and limited to the list available. This is primarily to maintain control over the graphics from projectto project.

System families are also used for many annotation categories, such assections, elevations,levels, grids, text, and dimensions they arentlimited to model elements. Another characteristic of system familiesis that you cant save them outside of your project toa shared libraryas a standalone component. Even so, its still possible to reuse systemfamilies in other projects. To transfer system families between

projects, go to the Manage tab, and from the Project Settings tab,choose Transfer Project Standards to display the Select Items to Copydialog box.This dialog box gives you a feel for the number ofdifferent types of systemfamilies used in a Revit project.

COMPONENT FAMILIESComponent or standard families are created outside of the projectenvironment using the Family Editor. Theyre stored in an externallibrary (folders on your hard drive) and can be loaded into a projectfor use at any point. Every component family belongs to a specificRevit category so that when its loaded into a project, it adopts thegraphic rules defined for its category in the Object Styles dialog box.This guarantees graphic consistency throughout your project withoutyour having to manage changes to new families constantly. This alsoguarantees that when you schedule a category, you get all elementsthat belong to that category.

For example, if you find a lighting fixture family on the Web and loadit into your project,it will use the Lighting Fixtures object style inyour project to represent the family. It will be scheduled with otherlighting fixtures. You arent forced to open the family and adjust line weights or colors or add metadata to the element, because this is allcontrolled at the project level. This illustrates the value of having afixed number of categories to manage you can rest assured that the

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project wont inflate with endless, oddly named layers that aredifficult, if notimpossible, to decode.Component families have their own file formatextension (.rfa) and can be stored outside the project environment for

later use in other projects. Revit ships with a predefined folderstructure to help manage the vast numbers of families available. Go tothe Insert tab and from the Load from Library panel, choose LoadFamily to see how Revit organizes information.To create variations of a component family, duplicate an existing onein the project and modify its properties. To make more radicalgeometrical changes to the family, you need to open it in the FamilyEditor and change the form there. The process of editing a familysupports an iterative design workflow: by selecting any family, youhave the option either to edit its properties or to open it in the FamilyEditor and make changes to it and then load it right back into your

project. Families can be complex, but at least you wont need to learnany specialized scripting languages to create smart, parametriccontent. This goes for all forms of component families, from totally

parametric windows and doors to one-off pieces of furniture orlighting fixtures.Revit provides a set of starting family templates youcan use to make content from scratch.When you want to start creating a new library element (family), youfirst need to select the correct template. To open a template, go to the

the type of element you want to make, and the template will open.Embedded in each template are smart behavior characteristics of thefamily you re creating.Doors, windows, balusters, casework, columns, curtain wall panels,entourage, furniture,massing elements, generic objects, and plantingsare all examples of standard Revit family categories.To move families between projects, you can copy and paste them orsave your families to disk and then load them into another project.

IN-PLACE FAMILIESIn-place families are custom elements that are specific to a project andthe conditions of the project. An in-place family accessesfunctionality available in the Family Editor in the context of a project

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environment. The model grays out and becomes unselectable whenyou make suchfamilies. A nonvertical, sweeping wall shape is a good example forwhen you would use an inplace family.

You can copy and paste in-place families from project to project, butyou cant save them as RFA (Revit projects have the extension .rvt,Revit families .rfa) as you can with standard families.

OVERRIDING THE REPRESENTATION OFELEMENTSThere are no layers in Revit. Revit uses object categories andsubcategories (not layers) to define the graphics for each element

class as well as to control visibility (which is the purpose of layersin other software). The Object Styles dialog box (accessed from theManage tab, in the Project Settings panel, under Settings) establishesthe default graphics for every category; however, in any view, youcan override these graphics using the Visibility/Graphics Overridesdialog box(on the View tab, in the Graphics panel clickVisibility/Graphics). The two dialog boxes look very similar thedifference is that Object Styles shows the defaults preset for a project,

whereas Visibility/Graphic Overrides is the place to review and makechanges to those default settings on a per-view basis. The samefamiliar categories and subcategories displayed in the Object Stylesdialog box are displayed in this dialog box as well.The same level ofvisual control for line weight, color, and pattern is provided here butin a slightly different interface. In addition to line overrides, you canoverride cut and surface patternsand choose to show a category as halftone, transparent, or at a

different level of detail.Changes made using this dialog box areapplied only to your current view.The same categories are used tocontrol the visibility of elements in a view. You can turn off entirecategories, subcategories, or individual elements in any view.

DESIGN VISUALIZATIONYou can use Revit Architecture to generate a photorealistic image of a

building model so you can present the design to clients or share it

with team members. Revit Architecture renders 3D views withvarious effects and contents, such as lighting, plants, decals & people.Capture design ideas in a photorealistic state.With easy user

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interaction, high quality output and faster render times.Mental rayrendering engine enables superior design presentation .DETAILING Take advantage of the extensive detail library and detailing

tools.Create, manage, and share your own detail library.CONCEPTUAL DESIGNEasily create expressive forms to produce an overall massingstudy.Import conceptual massing from applications such as rhino,sketchup, and A utocad 2007. DESIGN OPTIONSDevelop and study multiple design alternatives to make keydesign.Present multiple schemes to your clients easily.

SCHEDULESSchedules are just another view of the revit architecture model.Achange to a schedule view is automatically reflected in every otherview and vice versa.MATERIAL TAKE OFFAppropriate for sustainable design and checking material quantities incost estimates.Simplifies the tracking of material quantities .

AUTODESK 2D &3D DWG INTEGRATIONRevit architecture supports publishing a model to 2d or 3ddwfformat .Communication of design information in a lightweightformat for nontechnical participants in the project review process

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ABOUT THE PROJECT

The building is a single-storied building. Itconsists of corridor,3bed rooms, a kitchen, a dining room etc. Revit library was

extremely helpful while doing the project.

F I NAL EXTERI OR

Front View

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LEFT SIDE VIEW

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DINING ROOM

BED ROOM 1

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BED ROOM 2

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CONCLUSION

The modeling of a single-storied building was successfullycompleted using AUTODESK REVIT ARCHITECTURE.