Anomalies of Female Reproductive System

MARYAM JAMILAH BINTI ABDUL HAMID082013100002

IMS BANGALORE

LEARNING OUTCOME

• Describe the normal formation of femalereproductive system; paramesonephric duct & mesonephros

• Students should aware the anomalies of:-– Ovary– Uterine tubes– Uterus– Vagina– External genitalia

Development of female genitalia

Paramesonephric duct lies lateral to the

mesonephric ducts in the cranial part of

the nephrogenic cord

UTERUS & UTERINE TUBE

Invagination of the coelomic epithelium to form paramesonephric ducts.The invagination takes place at the lateral most part of the coelomic epithelium.

Partially fused part: fundus of the uterus

Unfused part: uterine tube

*Thickness of myometrium increases. (Myometrium

comes form the surrounding mesoderm)

A: lower end of utero-vaginal canal comes in contact with the dorsal wall of

urogenital sinus.

B: Endodermal cells proliferates and form two swellings; sinovaginal bulbs

C:Vaginal plate is formed; mesoderm + endoderm

D: Canalization of vaginal plate

VAGINA

• The coelomic epithelium- medial side of mesonephros thickened & forms genital ridge

• Sex/medullary cords proliferate from this germinal epithelium & grow into underlying mesoderm

• Primordial germ cells (from yolk sac migrate & give rise to oocytes)

• Sex cords broken up into small masses. The cells of each mass surround one primordial germ cell/oocyte to form primordial follicle.

OVARY

B

A

C

EXTERNAL GENITALIA

ANOMALIES

OVARY

• Absent on one or both sides• Duplicated• Descend into the inguinal canal or labium

majus• Adrenal or thyroid tissue present in the ovary• Contains cells capable of differentiating into

various tissues; bone, cartilage and hair. – The growth of these cell rests can give rise to

teratoma

Ovary in inguinal canal

Teratoma

UTERINE TUBES

• Absent, on one or both sides.• Partially, or completely, duplicated on one or

both sides.• Atresia of the tubes.

UTERUS

• Completely, or partially, duplicated.– Complete duplication = uterus didelphys

• Lumen may be partially, or completely, subdivided by a septum

• Absent of uterus• One half of the uterus may be absent,

unicornuate uterus• Uterus may remain rudimentary• Atresia of the lumen either in the body or cervix

A. Uterus duplex unicollis. B. Uterus duplex with double vagina. C. Uterus didelphys. D. Uterus septus with single vagina. E. Uterus subseptus. F. Uterus

arcuatus. G. Uterus unicornis with rudimentary contralateral hemiuterus.

VAGINA

• Duplicated vagina; associated with duplicated uterus

• Lumen subdivided longitudinally, or transversely by a septum

• Absent of vagina• Imperforate hymen• Rectovaginal fistula• Vesicovaginal fistula

EXTERNAL GENITALIA

• Absent, bifid or double clitoris• Enlarged clitoris in case of hermaphroditism

and congenital adrenal hyperplasia• Labia minora may show partial fusion• Urethra open on the anterior wall of the

vagina

REFERENCES

• INDERBIR SINGH, G P PAL, Human Embryology, 8th Edition

• http://www.nylawyer.net/new-york-personal-injury/medical-malpractice-attorney/

• http://www.glowm.com/resources/glowm/cd/pages/v1/v1c004.html

• http://www.afrjpaedsurg.org/viewimage.asp?img=AfrJPaediatrSurg_2011_8_2_215_86066_f1.jpg

THANK YOU FELLOWS !