Annual Monitoring Report 2017 - Cambridgeshire · 1.3 The Development Scheme makes provision for a...

Annual Monitoring Report 2017 Published April 2019

CAMBRIDGESHIRE AND PETERBOROUGH ANNUAL MONITORING REPORT 2017 CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION 1

Minerals and Waste Local Plan Review 1

Duty to Cooperate 1

2. MINERALS 3

Geological Background 3

Local Aggregates Assessments 3

Aggregate Sales 4

Landbanks 6

Progress of Allocated Minerals Sites 10

Mineral Planning Applications 12

3. WASTE 13

Amount of Waste Managed 13

Existing Waste Management Capacity 16

Progress of Non-Landfill Allocations 18

Progress of Landfill Allocations 19

Waste Management Planning Applications 2017 19

APPENDIX 1: MINERAL PLANNING APPLICATIONS IN CAMBRIDGESHIRE FOR ADDITIONAL EXTRACTION DETERMINED 1 JAN 2017 – 31 DEC 2017 20

APPENDIX 2: PLANNING APPLICATIONS IN CAMBRIDGESHIRE FOR WASTE MANAGEMENT APPROVED BETWEEN 1 JAN 2017 – 31 DEC 2017 21

APPENDIX 3: DATA SOURCE REFERENCES 24

TABLES

Table 1: Sand and Gravel Landbank Calculations for Cambridgeshire and

Peterborough 2011to 2017 ................................................................................................ 8

Table 2: Landbanks for Crushed Rock (Limestone) in Cambridgeshire and

Peterborough 2011 to 2017 ............................................................................................... 9

Table 3: Progress of Allocated Mineral Sites ................................................................................. 10

Table 4: Sand and gravel allocations without planning permission as at 31

December 2017 ............................................................................................................... 11

Table 5: Provision including permitted and allocated resources as at 31

December 2017 ............................................................................................................... 12

Table 6: Estimated waste arisings 2011 to 2017 (mt) .................................................................... 14

Table 7: Comparison of Core Strategy and EA WDI waste arising estimates for

2017 (mt) ......................................................................................................................... 15

Table 8: Estimate of existing waste management capacity 2017 (mt) ........................................... 17

Table 9: Progress of Non-Landfill Allocations ................................................................................ 18

Table 10: Progress of Landfill Allocations ....................................................................................... 19

FIGURES

Figure 1: Sales of sand and gravel in Cambridgeshire & Peterborough 2008 –

2017 in comparison with annual apportionment levels. ...................................................... 5

Figure 2: Sales of limestone in Cambridgeshire & Peterborough 2007 – 2017

and comparison with annual apportionment levels ............................................................ 6

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 This monitoring report relates to the adopted Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Minerals and Waste Core Strategy Development Plan Document (July 2011) and the Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Minerals and Waste Site Specific Proposals Plan Development Plan Document (February 2012) hereafter also referred to as the Minerals and Waste Plan. Together these two documents set out the strategic vision, forward planning policies and allocations to address mineral and waste management and development over the period to 2026 for both authority areas. This monitoring report covers the period of 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2017.

Minerals and Waste Local Plan Review

1.2 In August 2017 Cambridgeshire County Council adopted a Minerals and Waste Development Scheme. This scheme sets out a timetable for new planning policy work, in this instance a new Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Minerals and Waste Local Plan.

1.3 The Development Scheme makes provision for a new Minerals and Waste Local Plan to cover the period to 2036, to be prepared in partnership with Peterborough City Council, and covering both authority areas. The timetable for preparing the new Local Plan is:

Preliminary Draft Plan Consultation May / June 2018

Further Draft Plan Consultation March / April 2019

Proposed Submission Plan Consultation November / December 2019

Submission March 2020

Examination June 2020

Adoption November 2020

Duty to Cooperate

1.4 Cambridgeshire County Council and Peterborough City Council have a statutory duty to cooperate with other mineral and waste planning authorities and local planning authorities. Both authorities are members of the East of England Waste Technical Advisory Board (WTAB) and the East of England Aggregate Working Party (AWP). These two organisations meet formally several times a year and consist of representatives of the Mineral and Waste Planning Authorities in the East of England region, as well as representatives of industry. Other duty to cooperate functions are also carried out including the provision of data and other information to other planning authorities.

1.5 In addition the County Council is party to the WTAB Memorandum of Understanding (January 2016) which sets out the basis of co-operation between the Waste Planning Authorities of the East of England, and sets out some ground rules under which the Waste Planning Authorities agree to operate. The aim of the Memorandum is to ensure that the approach to waste planning throughout the East of England is consistent. The WTAB also has agreed thresholds for consultations between authorities on waste flows.

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1.6 During 2017 the County Council co-operated with a number of Councils, answering questions in respect to mineral and waste matters between their respective areas and responding to consultations on policy documents. Over this period replies were made to enquiries from Surrey County Council (waste flows); Lancashire County Council (consulting on their Local Aggregates Assessment); Berkshire County Council (twice, consulting on waste flows); Rutland (mineral and waste flows); and Hampshire County Council (waste flows). Responses on local planning policy documents were also made, including advice provided in respect to mineral and waste matters on the Huntingdonshire Local Plan Infrastructure Background Paper; and the Cherry Hinton Supplementary Planning Document, prepared jointly by Cambridge city council and South Cambridgeshire District Council. Two neighbourhood plans were also reviewed but raised no matters of representation (Houghton & Wyton, Cambridgeshire, and Hockcliffe, Bedfordshire).

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2. MINERALS

Geological Background

2.1 The mineral resources of primary interest in Cambridgeshire & Peterborough are sand and gravel and crushed rock aggregate (limestone).

2.2 Sand and gravel resources occur mainly within superficial or ‘drift’ deposits, subdivided into river sand and gravel, glacial deposits, head deposits and bedrock sand. Traditionally mineral extraction has taken place in river terrace deposits in the Nene and Ouse River valleys. However, over time extraction has gradually moved to the Fen Gravel / Fen Edge deposits which are good quality sand and gravels. The principal existing and allocated sites for sand and gravel extraction are in areas with Fen Edge deposits, and these sites now supply the majority of Cambridgeshire and Peterborough’s sand and gravel needs.

2.3 Cambridgeshire and Peterborough has limited resources of rock suitable for crushed rock aggregate. The Lincolnshire Limestone Formation (inferior oolite) crops out in the north-west of the Plan area, west and north-west of Peterborough. None of the limestone is worked for building stone within the Plan area. Owing to its relatively low strength and its poor resistance to frost it is generally used as constructional fill or as sub-base roadstone material. To the south of the Plan area closer to Cambridge the Upware Limestone is quarried on a small scale for use as an agricultural lime and asphalt filler.

2.4 Cambridgeshire and Peterborough have significant reserves of brickclay within their area, and is a major Fletton brick producing area. There are two major operating brickworks within the Plan area producing Fletton Bricks, both situated near Whittlesey. The brickworks lie within Cambridgeshire, whilst the associated extraction areas straddle the administrative boundary of Cambridgeshire and Peterborough. The importance of the Whittlesey brickworks is likely to increase over the Plan period as the brickworks at Stewartby, in Bedfordshire, come to a close.

2.5 There are other more specialist minerals which occur in Cambridgeshire and Peterborough.

2.6 Engineering clay is used for construction purposes and the Minerals and Waste Plan identifies a specific need to make provision of this mineral (in addition to sand and gravel) for the improvements to the A14 which are underway. Allocations were made to address this need, and the quantified need has been met through some of these allocations (see Table 3).

2.7 Other minerals occur to a lesser extent including high quality chalk which is used for industrial purposes, and clay used to make hand-made tiles.

Local Aggregates Assessments

2.8 Cambridgeshire County Council and Peterborough City Council are required by the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) to prepare an annual Local Aggregate Assessment (LAA), with input from members of the East of England Aggregate Working Party.

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2.9 Local Aggregate Assessments provide an annual evaluation of aggregate supply and demand in the area which is based on a rolling average of the previous 10 years sales data and other relevant information, such as impending infrastructure projects and an assessment of all supply options.

2.10 In addition to the annual monitoring review, the LAA reports on key information that is used to monitor the progress and effectiveness of the policies in the Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Minerals and Waste Core Strategy.

2.11 The Local Aggregates Assessments are available on both Councils’ websites, but some key information is summarised in the following section which charts sales and landbanks for aggregates over the period to 2017.

Aggregate Sales

Sand and Gravel

2.12 The principal mineral in Cambridgeshire and Peterborough is sand and gravel. The Minerals and Waste Plan makes provision for sand and gravel extraction at the rate of 3.0 mtpa, having taken into account the regional apportionment that fed down from national guidelines on aggregate supply, and the need for some flexibility above that apportionment level. The regional apportionment has now been replaced by national policy in the National Planning Policy Framework which advises Mineral Planning Authorities to use a 10 years rolling average, taking into account other local material factors.

2.13 Actual sales of sand and gravel for the ten year period between 2008 and 2017 are shown in Figure 1 below. This illustrates that since the Minerals and Waste Plan was adopted in 2011 sales of sand and gravel have, until 2017 been considerably less than forecast, largely reflecting the country wide economic downturn at the time. Since 2014 when the economy has improved the sales of sand and gravel have also gradually improved. Sales presented are for calendar years.

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Figure 1: Sales of sand and gravel in Cambridgeshire & Peterborough 2008 – 2017 in comparison with annual apportionment levels.

Annual Req.1: 2.82mtpa Based on revised national and regional guidelines for Agg Prov 2001-2016 published in 2003 and reflected in EoEPlan (May2008) ( markers) Annual Req.2: 2.88mtpa Based on revised national and regional guidelines for Agg Prov 2005-2020 published in June 2009, and reflected in Draft EoEPlan 2031 (Feb2010) ( marker) Annual Req.3: 3.0mpta Based on C&PMWCS DPD July 2011 ( markers)

Limestone

2.14 The small outcrop of oolitic limestone in the northwest area of Cambridgeshire and Peterborough gave rise to a number of limestone sites, extracting the rock largely for construction fill purposes, a reflection of the soft nature of the limestone. The Minerals and Waste Plan made provision for the extraction of 300,000 tpa of limestone, which reflected the regional aggregate apportionment fed down from national guidelines at the time. In June 2009 revised national and sub-national guidelines for aggregates apportionment were issued by the Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG) to replace those published in 2003. In December 2009 the East of England Regional Aggregates Working Party agreed on a new sub-regional apportionment for Cambridgeshire & Peterborough, based on the DCLG guidelines. The annual apportionment for crushed rock was reduced from 0.3 mtpa to 0.2 mtpa.

2.15 The Minerals and Waste Plan acknowledged that the permitted reserves of limestone were likely to be able to meet the apportionment level until 2024. However, over the time since the Plan has been adopted several limestone sites have closed and are in restoration, whilst the reserves of others have not proved economically viable. No new planning applications have been made to bring forward new resources. The difficulty of finding suitable new sites was experienced during the preparation of the Minerals and Waste Site Specific Proposals Plan, when it was not possible to identify any acceptable sites that could be allocated, so a criteria based policy was adopted.

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Sales of limestone for the ten year period between 2006 and 2016 are shown in Figure 2. Figures presented are for calendar years. Limestone quarries have gradually closed over recent years, and it is evident that limestone production has fluctuated considerably over the period between 2006 and 2016.

Figure 2: Sales of limestone in Cambridgeshire & Peterborough 2007 – 2017 and comparison with annual apportionment levels

Annual Req.1: 0.3mtpa Based on revised national and regional guidelines for Agg Prov 2001-2016 published in 2003 and reflected in EoEPlan (May2008) ( markers); Annual Req.2: 0.2mtpa Based on revised national and regional guidelines for Agg Prov 2005-2020 published in June 2009, and reflected in Draft EoEPlan 2031 (Feb2010) ( marker); Annual Req.3: 0.3mpta Based on C&PMWCS DPD July 2011 ( marker)

Landbanks

Sand and Gravel

2.16 The stock of reserves with planning permission is known as the landbank. Government policy requires landbanks to be maintained for all primary aggregate minerals, with a required landbank period for sand and gravel of at least 7 years. The adopted Cambridgeshire & Peterborough Minerals and Waste Core Strategy makes provision for an annual production of 3.0 mt per annum. The landbank calculation for sand and gravel for Cambridgeshire and Peterborough is set out below:

Landbank of permissions (as at 31 December 2017)

= 41.43 mt

Annual Apportionment = 3.0 mt

Landbank period = 13.81 years

2.17 Table 1 on the following page sets out calculations for the sand and gravel landbank 2011 to 2017, based on the different apportionment rates for Cambridgeshire & Peterborough.

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Limestone

2.18 Government policy requires a landbank for crushed rock to be a minimum of 10 years. Table 2 shows the limestone landbank over the period 2011 to 2017.

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Table 1: Sand and Gravel Landbank Calculations for Cambridgeshire and Peterborough 2011 to 2017

Year 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Sand and gravel sales estimate (million tonnes, mt) 1.70 1.72 1.9 2.8 2.54 2.56 3.56

Permitted reserves as at 31 December (mt) 45.25 47.14 48.96 45.37 43.33 43.92 41.43

Measure 1

EoEAWP sub-regional apportionment (million tonnes per annum, mtpa) 2.88 2.88 2.88 2.88 2.88 2.88 2.88

Landbank based on EoEAWP sub -regional apportionment (Years) 15.7 1.4 17.0 15.7 15.0 15.25 14.39

Measure 2

Cambridgeshire & Peterborough Core Strategy Provision (mtpa) 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0

Landbank based on Core Strategy Provision (Years) 15.1 15.7 16.3 15.1 14.4 14.6 13.81

Measure 3

Rolling average of 10 Years Sales 2.58 2.47 2.38 2.38 2.31 2.91 2.36

Landbank based on rolli ng 10 years sales average (Years) 17.5 19.1 20.5 19.0 18.7 15.09 17.56

Measure 4

Rolling average of 3 Years Sales 2.32 2.56 2.89

Landbank based on rolling 3 years sales average (Years) 18.67 17.15 14.34

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Table 2: Landbanks for Crushed Rock (Limestone) in Cambridgeshire and Peterborough 2011 to 2017

Year 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Limestone sales estimate (mt) 0.2 0.17 1.9 0.57 0.33 0.34 0.25

Permitted reserves as at 31 December (mt) 4.25 3.83 48.96 3.06 2.68 2.83 2.53

Measure 1

EoEAWP sub-regional apportionment (mtpa) 0.2 0.2 2.88 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Landbank based on EoEAWP sub -regional apportionment (Years) 21.25 19.1 17.0 15.3 13.4 14.1 12.7

Measure 2

Cambridgeshire & Peterborough Core Strategy Provision (mtpa) 0.3 0.3 3.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Landbank based on Core Strategy Provision (Years) 14.2 12.8 16.3 10.2 8.9 9.4 8.4

Measure 3

Rolling average of 10 Years Sales 0.27 0.26 2.38 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.3

Landbank based on rollin g 10 years sales average (Years) 15.7 14.7 20.5 10.9 9.2 9.7 8.4

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Progress of Allocated Minerals Sites

2.19 In addition to permitted reserves the adopted Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Minerals Plan makes allocations for the future supply of sand and gravel. These, and their current status, are listed in Table 3 below.

Table 3: Progress of Allocated Mineral Sites

Policy Ref

Site Name Status

Sand and Gravel

M1A Cottenham Allocated

M1B Needingworth Allocated

M1C Wimblington Allocated

M1D Kings Delph, Whittlesey Allocated

M1E Maxey Partially implemented, partially permitted

M1F Pode Hole and Eye / Thorney Partially implemented, partially permitted

Area of Search Allocations for Sand and Gravel Borrowpits (A14 Improvement)*

M2A Galley Hill, Fenstanton Permitted through A14 Development Consent

Order

M2B Oxholme Farm Permitted through A14 Development Consent

Order

M2C South West Brampton Permitted through A14 Development Consent

Order

M2D West of Brampton Permitted through A14 Development Consent

Order

M2E Weybridge Farm, Alconbury Permitted through A14 Development Consent

Order

M2F Woolpack Farm, Galley Hill Not being taken forward.

Chalk Marl

M4A Barrington Not implemented, quarry closed and in restoration

Area of Search Allocations for Engineering Clay Borrowpits (A14 Improvement)*

M7A Boxworth End Farm, North of Trinity Foot

Junction

Not being taken forward

M7B Brickyard Farm, Boxworth Adjacent land permitted through A14

Development Consent Order

M7C New Barns Farm, Connington Not being taken forward

M7D North Bar Hill, Noon Folly Farm Not being taken forward

M7E North Dry Drayton Junction, Slate Hall Permitted through A14 Development Consent

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Farm Order

M7F North Junction 14, Grange Farm Permitted through A14 Development Consent

Order

M7G South Junction 14, Girton / Madingley Not being taken forward

M7H South of Trinity Foot Junction - East Not being taken forward

M7I South of Trinity Foot Junction - West Not being taken forward

Specialist Minerals

M8A Burwell Brickpits, Burwell Allocated

M8B Dimmock’s Cote Quarry, Wicken Permitted

2.20 Tables 4 and 5 below summarise the allocations which have been made for which planning permission has not been granted; and the provision made when permitted and allocated reserves are considered together.

Table 4: Sand and gravel allocations without planning permission as at 31 December 2017

Site Name Estimated Reserves (mt)

Block Fen / Langwood Fen, Mepal (remaining

allocation area up to 2026)*

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Cottenham 4.1

Needingworth 3.0

Wimblington 0.5

Kings Delph, Whittlesey 4.0

Maxey (remaining allocation area) 2.0

Pode Hole and Eye / Thorney (remaining

allocation area)

4.2

TOTAL (up to 2026*) 26.8

*calculations exclude the 14 mt allocated for post 2026 at Block Fen / Langwood Fen, Mepal

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Table 5: Provision including permitted and allocated resources as at 31 December 2017

Permitted reserves as at 31/12/17 (million tonnes)

Allocated reserves as at 31/12/17*

Total planned provision as 31/12/16*

Number of years*

Date current planned provision would be exhausted*

EoEAWP sub-regional apportionment of 2.88 mtpa

41.43 26.8 68.23 23.7 2041

Cambridgeshire & Peterborough Core Strategy Provision of 3.00 mtpa

41.43 26.8 68.23 22.7 2040

Rolling average of 10 Years Sales (2009-2015) of 2.36 mtpa

41.43 26.8 68.23 28.9 2046

* calculations exclude the 14 mt allocated for post 2026 at Block Fen / Langwood Fen, Mepal

Mineral Planning Applications

2.21 Appendix 1 summarises the planning applications which have been determined over the period 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2018. The permitted reserves have been taken into account in the landbank calculations set out above.

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3. WASTE

Amount of Waste Managed

3.1 The adopted Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Core Strategy (2011) estimated the amount of each waste type to be managed over the plan period from 2006 to 2026. This is shown in Table 6 below.

Table 6: Core Strategy estimated waste to be managed 2011 to 2026 (mt)

Waste Type 2006 2011 2016 2021 2026

CD&E 2.611 2.719 2.825 2.908 2.985

Municipal 0.433 0.513 0.541 0.570 0.598

C&I 1.166 1.326 1.531 1.777 2.053

Hazardous 0.044 0.045 0.049 0.049 0.049

Agricultural 0.328 0.243 0.181 0.181 0.181

Imported non-hazardous waste for disposal 0.484 0.308 0.166 0.166 0.166

TOTAL 5.066 5.154 5.293 5.651 6.032

3.2 The quality and availability of waste data varies depending on the type of waste. For example, the amount of municipal waste (also referred to as local authority collected waste1, LACW) and hazardous waste is well documented. However, the availability of data for other waste types such as commercial and industrial (C&I), construction, demolition and excavation (CD&E) and agricultural wastes is quite poor

3.3 Estimated waste arisings are identified in Table 7; data for municipal waste has been sourced from the LACW annual results, with data for other waste streams sourced from the Environment Agency (EA) Waste Data Interrogator (WDI) and Hazardous Waste Data Interrogator (HWDI)2. The data in Table 7 is broadly comparable with estimated arisings in Table 6.

1 See https://www.gov.uk/guidance/local-authority-collected-waste-definition-of-terms 2 The EA WDI collates operator returns and reports wastes “as managed”. There may be an element of double counting where waste is processed through more than one facility (particularly where intermediate facilities such as transfer stations are involved). For this reason waste processed through intermediate facilities has been separated with the exception of those processed through facilities known to include an element of processing for preparation for recycling, a flat rate of 25% of the facilities has been applied in such instance (i.e. the facilities main purpose is transfer however a quarter of its throughput is taken up by recycling). In addition some waste may be managed on-site or at exempt sites, or not recorded properly and so not all waste may be captured by the WDI. Data derived from the WDI data should be treated with caution as the database was not built for the purpose of determining actual arisings but rather reporting operator returns, i.e. waste as managed. It should also be noted that the hazardous waste and imported non-hazardous waste for disposal are based on EA data and reported by calendar year, whereas municipal waste is reported on financial

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It should be noted that the Waste Framework Directive (WFD) captures non-natural components of agricultural waste, which account for a very small amount3 (<1%) and are thought to be managed via the use of Household Recycling Centres (HRCs) and transfer to others (contractors). Very little data is available on waste arisings within the agricultural sector, particularly at a local level. The EA WDI does report on waste classifications, which include identification of (EWC 0201) “wastes from agriculture, horticulture, aquaculture, forestry, hunting and fishing”, Much of the waste reported under this sub-chapter are natural wastes (animal and plant matter) and so are not captured under the WFD. As an example, the non-natural component reported for 2017 through the WDI (includes EWC 020110 waste metals) totalled less than 200 tonnes. This waste might be disused equipment from agricultural premises or other waste, it is not known. Previous estimates4 indicate total agricultural arisings of 0.508Mt for the Plan area; of which 0.007Mt was made up of non-natural waste. As such it is assumed that the non-natural component of agricultural waste is captured under either trade waste received at HRCs or within the C&I waste stream.

Table 6: Estimated waste arisings 2011 to 2017 (mt)

Waste Type 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Municipal 0.392 0.397 0.404 0.414 0.417 0.426 0.415

C&I 0.501 (0.070)

0.454 (0.047)

0.399 (0.062)

0.644 (0.055)

0.514 (0.103)

0.557 (0.112)

0.644 (0.171)

CD&E 0.713

(0.267)

0.638

(0.273)

1.035

(0.315)

1.289

(0.441)

1.351

(0.298)

1.501

(0.351)

1.649

(0.386)

Hazardous 0.037 0.034 0.038 0.042 0.038 0.044 0.044

Imported Household, Industrial and Commercial (HIC) waste for disposal to non-hazardous landfill (includes SNRHW)

0.318 0.316 0.169 0.177 0.206 0.354 0.412

3.4 The method for calculating waste arisings from data extracted from the EA WDI is set out in Appendix 3: Data Source References. Figures shown in brackets indicate estimated waste processed through intermediate facilities – does not include hazardous waste.

3.5 Imported (HIC) non-hazardous waste for disposal includes non-hazardous and non-hazardous (stable non-reactive hazardous wastes). Does not include inert waste. Estimates

years (e.g. 2017/18). However, as three-quarters of the reporting year for municipal waste is within the earlier year (2017) this dataset will be presented as applying for the earlier year as overall it does not make a significant difference. 3 EA 2001 Towards sustainable agricultural waste management (R&D Technical Report P1-399/1) indicated arisings of non-natural components for 2000 of 0.5Mt for the UK. Figures for agricultural waste cannot account for wastes stockpiled on site (at farms).

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rely on the origin field within the EA WDI. Some origin fields are not complete with the origin WPA not codeable however most include the region field. This means that there may be some waste that cannot be attributed to an originating WPA. Consequently, these estimates should be treated with a degree of caution. Data reporting and capture has improved over recent years and earlier data is likely to include a larger potential for double counting. For example, in 2011 the EA WDI reports approximately 65% of imported HIC waste received at non-hazardous landfill sites as non-codeable with 35% of the total imports not being able to be attributed to any region or WPA (i.e. having no origin). Whereas in 2017 this has decreased to 16% with the majority identifying a region (in total 2% was attributed to the East of England region but could not be matched to individual WPA level - so some of this waste may be from Cambridgeshire and/or Peterborough).

Table 7: Comparison of Core Strategy and EA WDI waste arising estimates for 2017 (mt)

Waste stream Core Strategy EA WDI 2017 (% of Core Strategy)

Municipal 0.541 0.415 (77%)

C&I 1.531 0.644 (42%)

CD&E 2.825 1.649 (58%)

Hazardous 0.049 0.044 (90%)

Imported HIC waste for disposal to non-hazardous landfill (includes SNRHW)

0.166 0.412 (248%)

3.6 It is evident that there is a significant difference in the waste arisings identified through the Core Strategy as compared to that reported (as managed) through the EA WDI. Municipal, C&I and CD&E arisings (as managed) are much lower than that forecast in the Core Strategy, whilst hazardous waste arisings are similar. The reason(s) for such discrepancies have not been established at this time, however they may include improved reporting and estimation techniques, operator participation in surveys, and operator reporting of waste returns.

3.7 Imported HIC waste for disposal to non-hazardous landfill (including SNRHW) was over twice that forecast in the Core Strategy. This reflects a wider circumstance that has seen an overall decrease in waste going to landfill but with the effect of some sites being closed and/or mothballed by operators, resulting in wastes being redirected to remaining sites.

Trends & Non-comparable Data

3.8 The UK Statistics on Waste (October 2018) indicate the following:

•••• Total waste arisings (UK) – For the year 2014 it is estimated that household waste accounted for 12%, C&I waste 17%, CD&E waste 59% and other wastes 12%.

4 EA 2000 Strategic Waste Management Assessment: East of England (Table 2.7)

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•••• Municipal waste (England) – Remaining relatively stable but showing a slight increase in both arisings and recycling rate from 2011 (22.2Mt, recycling rate 43.3%) to 2016 (22.8Mt, recycling rate 44.2%). A steady decrease in waste disposed of to landfill between 2011 (18.4Mt) and 2015 (12.2Mt) and levelling out between 2015 to 2016 (12.4Mt).

•••• C&I waste (England) – An increase from 2011 (33.4Mt) estimates to 2012 (33.9Mt) followed by a decrease in estimated arisings from 2012 to 2016 (33.1Mt).

•••• C&D waste (England) – A slight increase in estimated arisings from 2011 (44.1Mt) to 2014 (49.1Mt). An increase in recovery rate from 90.6% in 2011 to 91.4%. Estimates including excavation waste indicate arisings of CD&E (including dredging) for 2012 of 100.1mt increasing to 116.8mt in 2014.

3.9 Locally, municipal waste has shown a decrease in total arisings (from 2016), however the overall trend is a slight increase year-on-year. The recycling rate has mostly remained stable with some minor fluctuations year-on-year. In 2017 management rates were: recycling 53%, otherwise recovered 19%, and disposal to landfill 28%. Waste treatment (recovery) has increased with a corresponding decrease in waste sent to landfill for disposal. Further (substantial) increases in the recycling rate maybe restricted by commercial contracts however these will facilitate an increase in the overall recovery rate.

3.10 The WDI data suggests that C&I arisings locally have fluctuated with an increase in the last few years. A view of local management of C&I waste can be gained from the WDI data. In 2017 management rates were: recycling 63%, otherwise recovered 14%, and disposal to landfill 23%. There has been a slight increase in waste treatment (recovery) over recent years reflecting wider trends and market drivers (driving waste up the waste management hierarchy).

3.11 Locally, CD&E arisings appear, from the WDI data, to have experienced significant increase. This in part reflects construction in the area, but is most likely due to changes to regulations and improvements in monitoring and reporting that have resulted in greater accuracy and more inert waste captured through the WDI. A view of local management of CD&E waste can be gained from the WDI data. In 2017 the total recovery rate was 68% with disposal to landfill 32%. It should be noted that there is still a significant portion of CD&E waste that is managed (re-used/recycled) either on-site or at exempt sites. Although recent changes have made more of this management capacity visible much remains unseen, this may go some way to addressing the differences in local management methods and national trends.

Existing Waste Management Capacity

3.12 Within Cambridgeshire and Peterborough there are many existing waste management facilities. An estimate of the existing capacity for permitted facilities is set out in the below table. Note that figures for inert recovery and disposal to landfill show waste disposed of to landfill for 2017 as reported through the WDI with remaining void space shown in brackets.

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Table 8: Estimate of existing waste management capacity 2017 (mt)

Management Method 2016 2017

Materials recycling (mixed) 0.362 0.368

Metal recycling 0.042 0.40

End of life vehicles 0.205 0.253

Inert recycling 0.149 0.184

Compost 0.332 0.324

Mechanical biological treatment and other similar processes (e.g. production of refuse derived fuel)

0.111 0.124

Anaerobic digestion 0.073 0.083

Energy from waste and other thermal treatment processes

0.081 0.081

Other treatment 0.109 0.125

Soil treatment 0.147 0.278

Hazardous waste recycling 0.007 0.010

Hazardous waste treatment/recovery 0.044 0.050

Inert recovery

0.294

(0.614 remaining void

space)

0.458


space)

Inert landfill

1.170

(14.763 remaining void space)

It is estimated that

13.101 is associated with restoration of

mineral extraction sites.

1.183

(13.580 remaining void space)

It is estimated that

12.180 is restoration of mineral extraction sites.

Non-hazardous landfill

0.938


space)

0.943


space)

Non-hazardous SNRHW landfill

0.161


space)

0.254


space)

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3.13 The existing capacity was determined by collating information from several existing sources including council planning application and permission records, operator returns and reports, EA WDI datasets, other EA datasets (including incinerator returns, waste licence and permit registers and waste infrastructure inventory) and officer estimates where necessary. Where available, returns for individual sites were collated from EA datasets (i.e. WDI and incinerator returns).

Progress of Non-Landfill Allocations

3.14 The adopted Minerals and Waste Plan made a number of allocations for non-landfill waste management facilities. The progress of the Cambridgeshire allocations, up to the end of 2017 is shown in Table 10 below.

Table 9: Progress of Non-Landfill Allocations

Policy Ref Site Name Status

Non-landfill

W1A Adjacent A1 Alconbury Allocated

W1B Alconbury Airfield, Alconbury AoS Allocated

W1C Algores Way, Wisbech Allocated

W1D Brookfield Business Park, Cottenham Allocated

W1E Cambridge East (AoS) Allocated

W1F Cambridge Northern Fringe East AoS Allocated

W1G Cow Lane, Godmanchester Allocated

W1J Envar, Woodhurst Permitted / Implemented (partially in 2012, partially in 2017)

W1K Extension of Waterbeach Waste Management Park, Waterbeach

Allocated

W1L Great Wilbraham Quarry, Gt Wilbraham Allocated

W1M Grunty Fen, Wilburton Allocated

W1O Kings Dyke Brickpits, Whittlesey Allocated

W1P March Trading Park Implemented

W1R Melbourne Avenue, March Allocated

W1S Needingworth Quarry, Needingworth Allocated

W1T Northstowe AoS Permitted

W1U Northstowe Area 2, Northstowe AoS Allocated

W1V Puddock Hill, Warboys Implemented

W1W Saxon Brickpits, Whittlesey, AoS Implemented

W1X Station Farm, Buckden Allocated

W1Y Station Road, Fordham Allocated

W1AA The Carrops, Red Lodge Allocated

W1AD Warboys Industrial Estate, Warboys AoS Permitted

W1AF Woolpack Farm, Hemingford Grey Implemented

W1AG Woolpack Farm, Hilton Road, Hemingford Grey

Allocated

CS19 Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge AoS Permitted

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Waste Water Treatment Works

W6A Ely WWTW AoS Allocated

Transport Zones

T1A North of Chesterton Sidings Allocated

Progress of Landfill Allocations

3.15 The adopted Minerals and Waste Plan made a number of allocations landfill waste management facilities. The progress of the Cambridgeshire allocations, up to the end of 2016 is shown in Table 11 below.

Table 10: Progress of Landfill Allocations

Inert Landfill

W2B Cottenham Allocated

CS20 Block Fen / Langwood Fen, AoS Implemented in part

Non-Hazardous Landfill

W3A Puddock Hill, Warboys

Implemented and almost completed, currently only taking waste from the associated WTS (no external inputs).

Stable Non-Reactive Hazardous Waste Landfill

W4A Grunty Fen, Wilburton Allocated

Waste Management Planning Applications 2017

3.16 Appendix 2 summarises the planning applications for waste management development which have been approved over 2017.

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APPENDIX 1: MINERAL PLANNING APPLICATIONS IN CAMBRI DGESHIRE FOR ADDITIONAL EXTRACTION DETERMINED 1 JAN 2017 – 31 DEC 2017

Case Ref Site Name Description Grid Ref Decision Mineral Tonnage

S/0245/17/CM

Chesterton Sidings, Cowley Road, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, CB4 0DL

Use of land as a rail depot for aggregates

547465 E 260700 N

Granted None - Certificate of Lawful use

F/2001/16/CM Mepal Quarry, Block Fen, Chatteris, CB6 2AY

Extraction of sand & gravel, and clay for landfill cell engineering, as an extension…

545072 E 285152 N

Refused Sand and gravel 1,900,000 tonnes

E/3009/16/CM Harlocks Farm, Stuntney, Ely, CB7 5TR

Removal of clay generated by the construction of a winter harvesting storage res

557861 E 278657 N

Granted Clay None - Material not made available to open market.

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APPENDIX 2: PLANNING APPLICATIONS IN CAMBRIDGESHIRE FOR WASTE MANAGEMENT APPROVED BETWEEN 1 JAN 2017 – 31 DEC 2017

Case Ref Applicant Estimated New Capacity Location Description Decision Date

F/2002/17/CW MB Contracting Ltd 50,000 tpa (C,D&E) Thorney Road, Guyhirn, PE13 4AE

Retrospective change of use to proposed inert waste processing facility and erection of modular two-storey office

30/10/17

F/2003/17/CW Biffa Waste Services 50,000 tpa (C&I) Aaron Road, Whittlesey, PE7 2EX Change of use from a waste transfer station to a waste transfer station and a facility for processing commercial and industrial non-hazardous wastes within the existing waste transfer building for the production of refuse derived fuel; storage of empty bins and parking of waste collection vehicles; erection of an office/storage building; and laying of impermeable hard standing.

20/07/17

F/2004/16/CW Data Shredders No Additional Capacity Eastwood Industrial Estate, Eastwood End, Wimblington, PE15 0QH

Section 73A planning application to develop land in relation to Unit 2 (part of the original application site) without complying with condition 8 (which restricts storage to inside the building only) of planning permission F/2019/02/CW (Proposed Erection of Two Industrial Buildings for the Granulation and Bailing of Waste Plastics for Recycling).

28/2/17

F/2007/17/CW Data Shredders No Additional Capacity Eastwood Industrial Estate, Eastwood End, Wimblington, PE15 0QH

Proposed extension to the existing building to create covered area for installation of a baling machine (part-retrospective)

5/10/17

F/2010/16/CW Recyplas No Additional Capacity Eastwood Industrial Estate, Eastwood End, Wimblington, PE15 0QH

Section 73A planning application to develop land in relation to Unit 1 (part of the original application site) without complying with condition 8 (which restricts storage to inside the building only) of planning

28/2/17

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permission F/2019/02/CW (Proposed Erection of Two Industrial Buildings for the Granulation and Bailing of Waste Plastics for Recycling).

H/5001/17/CW Suez Recycling & Recovery UK Ltd

67,000 cubic metres / 120,528 tonnes (C,D&E)

Godmanchester Landfill Site, Cow Lane, Godmanchester, PE29 2EJ

Importation of clean, uncontaminated waste soils to finalise the restoration and address differential settlement for a period of four years

24/7/17

H/5004/17/CW Envar Composting Ltd No Additional Capacity Envar Composting Ltd, The Heath, Woodhurst, Huntingdon, PE28 3BS

Section 73 planning application to develop land without complying with condition 7 of planning permission H/05037/09/CW (Variation of Condition 7 of planning permission H/5005/04/CW: Extension of an existing building to enclose 8 existing composting tunnels; composting of organic feedstocks to produce compost for agriculture, horticulture and landscaping; establishment of ADAS Composting Research Project) to extend the hours of operation including vehicle movements to 0500 to 2200 hours daily

2/11/17

H/5005/17/CW Envar Composting Ltd 95,000 tpa (C&I) Envar Composting Ltd, The Heath, Woodhurst, Huntingdon, PE28 3BS

Change of use of existing building and adjacent land from composting & maturation of compost to recovery of waste in biomass boilers, drying waste, storage of biomass and drying material and bulking up and shredding waste wood (part retrospective). Erection of two external flue stacks and two biomass feed hoppers (retrospective). Extension of concrete hardstanding (retrospective). Erection of storage bays and two drying material hoppers. Change of use of existing building (no. 11 on Existing Site Layout Plan) from composting to composting and waste transfer. Change of use of part of existing building (no. 10 on Existing Site Layout Plan) from composting to food waste transfer. Extension of perimeter earth bund. Installation of an internal roadway. Installation of two weighbridges and a weighbridge office.

2/11/17

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Section 73 planning application to develop land without complying with condition 2 of planning permission H/05003/12/CW (Extension of concrete pad for maturation of compost with drainage balancing lagoons, reed bed; perimeter earth bunds [for] screening) to extend concrete pad into area of balancing lagoon

2/11/17


Section 73 planning application to develop land without complying with conditions 2 and 5 of planning permission H/05021/11/CW (Demolition of old composting tunnels and ancillary structures; extension to waste reception building; new building to house new composting tunnels, biofilters & manoeuvring area; covered link to connect buildings; relocation of weighbridge & office; alteration of access to B1086) to allow alternative access arrangements.

2/11/17

H/5009/17/CW Mick George Ltd No Additional Capacity Recycling Centre, Woodhatch Farm, Thrapston Road, Ellington, Huntingdon, PE28 4NJ

Extension of existing waste recycling centre and erection of a concrete batching plant (retrospective)

5/12/17

H/5014/16/CW Woodford Waste Management Services

No Additional Capacity Warboys Landfill Site, Puddock Hill, Warboys, PE28 2TX

Section 73 application for development (Temporary storage of overburden) without compliance with condition 1 of planning permission H/05014/11/CW to allow overburden to be stored until 31 December 2018

9/2/17

S/0202/16/CW AmeyCespa (East) Limited 75,000 tpa (Waste Water Treatment)

Waterbeach Waste Management Park, Ely Road, Waterbeach, Cambridge, CB25 9PG

Construction and operation of a Waste Water Treatment Plant, and ancillary works, with a capacity of 75,000 tonnes per annum.

29/6/17

*n.b. excludes minor applications for ancillary developments such as kiosks / office / car parking which do not add waste management capacity.

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APPENDIX 3: DATA SOURCE REFERENCES

Department of Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (De fra) LACW annual results tables

• https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/env18-local-authority-collected-waste-annual-results-tables

Defra 2018 UK Statistics on Waste

• https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/683051/UK_Statisticson_Waste_statistical_notice_Feb_2018_FINAL.pdf

EA WDI 2011 to 2017

• https://data.gov.uk/dataset/waste-data-interrogator-2011







WDI queries

C&I waste

Waste received meeting the following criteria: Facility WPA = Cambridgeshire and Peterborough WPA, Basic Waste Cat = HIC, Waste classification = EWC, Facility Type = All, Origin WPA, Show waste type by: EWC waste, Facility = Site Category and Facility type, Other selections = Waste origin, Export. Data cleansing: i) remove WPAs not Cambridgeshire and Peterborough.

Waste removed meeting the following criteria: Facility WPA = Cambridgeshire and Peterborough WPA, Basic Waste Cat = HIC, Waste classification = EWC, Facility Type = All, Origin WPA, Show waste type by: EWC waste, Facility = Site Category and Facility type, Other selections = Waste dest, Export. Data cleansing: i) remove WPAs = Cambridgeshire and Peterborough.

Total C&I = Waste received (origin Cambridgeshire and Peterborough WPAs) + Waste removed from Cambridgeshire and Peterborough WPAs to other WPAs (not Cambridgeshire and Peterborough WPAs). Data cleansing: i) remove CD&E wastes (EWC Chapter 17), sludges from waste water and waste management processes (EWC 190703, 190805), inert

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waste residues from waste treatment processes (EWC 191212 where deposited to land as inert recovery/landfill or used to produce soils), solid waste from soil remediation (EWC 191302), municipal waste (EWC Chapter 20) and also potentially other EWC codes – requires sorting by EWC code and analysis of waste types and relevance to waste stream; ii) remove hazardous transfer and transfer/treatment facilities; iii) remove non-hazardous intermediate facilities = transfer/CA (site category = transfer/CA); and iv) where non-hazardous intermediate facilities = transfer/treatment (site category = treatment, where facility type = XX transfer/treatment) retain 25% of reported throughput as recycling.

Imported HIC waste for disposal to non-hazardous landfill

Waste received meeting the following criteria: Facility WPA = Cambridgeshire and Peterborough WPA, Basic Waste Cat = HIC, Waste classification = EWC, Facility Type = Non Hazardous LF or Non Haz (SNRHW) LF, Origin WPA, Show waste type by: EWC waste, Facility = Site Category and Facility type, Other selections = Waste origin, Export data to Xcel. Data cleansing: i) remove WPAs = Cambridgeshire and Peterborough.

CD&E waste

Waste received meeting the following criteria: Facility WPA = Cambridgeshire and Peterborough WPA, Basic Waste Cat = Inert, Waste classification = EWC, Facility Type = All, Origin WPA, Show waste type by: EWC waste, Facility = Site Category and Facility type, Other selections = Waste origin, Export. Data cleansing: i) remove WPAs not Cambridgeshire and Peterborough.

Waste removed meeting the following criteria: Facility WPA = Cambridgeshire and Peterborough WPA, Basic Waste Cat = Inert, Waste classification = EWC, Facility Type = All, Origin WPA, Show waste type by: EWC waste, Facility = Site Category and Facility type, Other selections = Waste dest, Export. Data cleansing: i) remove WPAs = Cambridgeshire and Peterborough.

Total CD&E = Waste received (origin Cambridgeshire and Peterborough WPAs) + Waste removed from Cambridgeshire and Peterborough WPAs to other WPAs (not Cambridgeshire and Peterborough WPAs), + inert wastes identified from C&I waste arisings (as noted above – e.g. EWC 191302, 191212, also potentially other relevant EWC codes). Data cleansing: i) remove municipal waste (EWC Chapter 20); ii) remove hazardous transfer and transfer/treatment facilities; iii) remove inert and non-hazardous intermediate facilities = transfer/CA (site category = transfer/CA); and iv) where inert and non-hazardous intermediate facilities = transfer/treatment (site category = treatment, where facility type = XX transfer/treatment) retain 25% of reported throughput as recycling

EA HWDI 2011 to 2017

• https://data.gov.uk/dataset/hazardous-waste-interrogator-2011



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HWDI query

Hazardous waste

Total hazardous waste arisings: Arising in = Cambridgeshire and Peterborough WPAs, Deposit in = All, Disposal or recovery methods = columns. Movements = all consignments. Export. Total hazardous arisings = Sum of all consignments – (Rejected + Transfer D + Transfer R).

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