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Annual Groundwater Monitoring Report

Southwestern Electric Power Company J. Robert Welsh Power Plant

Bottom Ash Storage Pond CCR Management Unit

1187 Country Road 4865 Titus County

Pittsburg, Texas

January 2019

Prepared by: American Electric Power Service Corporation

1 Riverside Plaza Columbus, Ohio 43215

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Table of Contents I. Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 2

II. Groundwater Monitoring Well Locations and Identification Numbers ........................................... 3

III. Monitoring Wells Installed or Decommissioned ............................................................................. 5

IV. Groundwater Quality Data and Static Water Elevation Data, With Flow Rate and Direction and Discussion ........................................................................................................................................ 5

V. Statistical Evaluation of 2018 Events .............................................................................................. 5

VI. Alternate Source Demonstrations .................................................................................................... 5

VII. Discussion About Transition Between Monitoring Requirements or Alternate Monitoring Frequency ......................................................................................................................................... 5

VIII. Other Information Required ............................................................................................................. 6

IX. Description of Any Problems Encountered in 2018 and Actions Taken ......................................... 6

X. A Projection of Key Activities for the Upcoming Year ................................................................... 6

Appendix I

Appendix II

Appendix III

2

I. Overview This Annual Groundwater Monitoring Report (Report) has been prepared to report the status of activities for the preceding year for an existing CCR unit at Southwestern Electric Power Company’s, a wholly-owned subsidiary of American Electric Power Company (AEP), Welsh Power Plant. The USEPA’s CCR rules require that the Annual Groundwater Monitoring Report be posted to the operating record for the preceding year no later than January 31, 2019.

In general, the following activities were completed:

• Initial statistical test demonstrated a SSI for pH.

• SSI evaluation for 2018 groundwater data is incomplete at this time;

• ASD for the pH SSI was successful;

• Semi-Annual groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for Appendix III constituents, as specified in 40 CFR 257.94 et seq. and AEP’s Groundwater Sampling and Analysis Plan (2016);

• Groundwater data underwent various validation tests, including tests for completeness, valid values, transcription errors, and consistent units;

• Groundwater Monitoring Statistical Evaluation Reports to evaluate groundwater data were prepared and certified in accordance with 40 CFR 257.93. The statistical process was guided by USEPA’s Statistical Analysis of Groundwater Monitoring Data at RCRA Facilities, Unified Guidance (“Unified Guidance”, USEPA, 2009).

The major components of this annual report, to the extent applicable at this time, are presented in sections that follow:

• A map, aerial photograph or a drawing showing the CCR management unit(s), all groundwater monitoring wells and monitoring well identification numbers;

• Identification of any monitoring wells that were installed or decommissioned during the preceding year, along with a statement as to why that happened;

• All of the monitoring data collected, including the rate and direction of groundwater flow, plus a summary showing the number of samples collected per monitoring well, the dates the samples were collected and whether the sample was collected as part of detection monitoring or assessment monitoring programs is included in Appendix I;

• A summary of any transition between monitoring programs or an alternate monitoring frequency, for example the date and circumstances for transitioning from detection monitoring to assessment monitoring, in addition to identifying the constituents detected at a statistically significant increase over background concentrations (Appendix IV).

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• Other information required to be included in the annual report such as alternate source demonstration or assessment of corrective measures, if applicable.

In addition, this report summarizes key actions completed, and where applicable, describes any problems encountered and actions taken to resolve those problems. The report includes a projection of key activities for the upcoming year.

II. Groundwater Monitoring Well Locations and Identification Numbers The figure that follows depicts the PE-certified groundwater monitoring network, the monitoring well locations and their corresponding identification numbers.

Bottom Ash Storage Pond Monitoring Wells Up Gradient Down Gradient AD-1 AD-3 AD-5 AD-4C AD-17 AD-16R

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III. Monitoring Wells Installed or DecommissionedDuring 2018, no monitoring wells were installed or decommissioned.

IV. Groundwater Quality Data and Static Water Elevation Data, With Flow Rate andDirection and Discussion

Appendix I contains tables showing the groundwater quality data collected under 40 CFR 257.90 through 257.98. Static water elevation data from each monitoring event also are shown in Appendix I, along with the groundwater velocity, groundwater flow direction and potentiometric maps developed after each sampling event.

V. Statistical Evaluation of 2018 EventsIn 2018, the 2017 statistical analysis summary report was placed on AEP’s publically accessible CCR website at https://www.aep.com/requiredpostings/ccr

A SSI over background was determined for pH.

SSI evaluation for the 2018 groundwater data is pending.

VI. Alternate Source DemonstrationsAn alternate source investigation was conducted for the BASP pH. An alternate source was successfully identified, that demonstration is found in Appendix III.

VII. Discussion About Transition Between Monitoring Requirements or AlternateMonitoring Frequency

As of this annual groundwater report, the CCR Unit remains in detection monitoring.

https://www.aep.com/requiredpostings/ccr

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VIII. Other Information Required The sampling frequency of twice per year will be maintained for the current monitoring program.

IX. Description of Any Problems Encountered in 2018 and Actions Taken No significant problems were encountered.

X. A Projection of Key Activities for the Upcoming Year Key activities for 2019 include:

• Detection monitoring on a twice per year schedule;

• Evaluation of the detection monitoring results from a statistical analysis viewpoint, looking for any SSIs;

• Responding to any new data received in light of CCR rule requirements;

• Preparation of the third annual groundwater report.

APPENDIX I

Tables follow, showing the groundwater monitoring data collected, the rate and direction of groundwater flow, and a summary showing the number of samples collected per monitoring well. The dates that the samples were collected also is shown.

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WelshReservoir

332 33

0 328 326 324

338

336

328326

334

PrimaryBottom

Ash Pond

ClearWaterPond

Landfill

Bottom AshStorage

Pond

AD-1340.31

AD-11326.36

AD-13330.38

AD-14330.57

AD-15320.26

AD-16R328.72

AD-17332.85

AD-3321.79

AD-4C324.54

AD-5335.56

AD-8325.72

AD-9329.32

AD-10AD-12

AD-18

AD-2

AD-6AD-7

\\annarbor-01\data\Projects\AEP\Groundwater Statistical Evaluation - CHA8423\Groundwater Mapping\GIS Files\MXD\Welsh\2018\AEP-Welsh_GW_2018-05May.mxd. SKaroly. 10/24/2018. CHA8423/14/08.

AEP Welsh Power PlantCason, Texas

Groundwater Potentiometric MapMay 2018

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FigureXColumbus, Ohio 2018/10/24

Legend@A Groundwater Monitoring Well

Approximate Groundwater Flow DirectionGroundwater Elevation ContourInferred Groundwater Elevation ContourCCR Units

Notes- Monitoring well coordinates and water level data (collected on May 23, 2018) provided by AEP.- Site features based on information avilable in CCR Groundwater Monitoring Well Network Evaluations(Arcadis, 2016).- Groundwater elevation units are feet above mean sea level.- Inferred groundwater contours were extrapolated from topgraphic and hydrographic information aswell as previous monitoring events.- AD-16 was replaced with AD-16R on 4/12/2017.- Wells AD-2, -6, -7, -10 ,-12, and -18 were not gauged during the May 2018 sampling event.

750 0 750375Feet

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PrimaryBottom

Ash Pond

ClearWaterPond

Landfill

Bottom AshStorage Pond

AD-1339.16

AD-11327.67

AD-13331.01

AD-14329.38

AD-16R326.91

AD-17333.95

AD-3323.02

AD-4C323.43

AD-5336.37

AD-8325.84

AD-9329.58

AD-10AD-12

AD-18

AD-2

AD-6AD-7

\\annarbor-01\data\Projects\AEP\Groundwater Statistical Evaluation - CHA8423\Groundwater Mapping\GIS Files\MXD\Welsh\2018\AEP-Welsh_GW_2018-08Aug.mxd. SKaroly. 12/10/2018. CHA8423/14/08.

AEP Welsh Power PlantCason, Texas

Groundwater Potentiometric MapAugust 2018

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Figure2Columbus, Ohio 2018/12/10

Legend@A Groundwater Monitoring Well

Approximate Groundwater Flow DirectionGroundwater Elevation ContourInferred Groundwater Elevation ContourCCR Units

Notes- Monitoring well coordinates and water level data (collected on August 14 and 15, 2018) provided byAEP.- Site features based on information avilable in CCR Groundwater Monitoring Well Network Evaluations(Arcadis, 2016).- Groundwater elevation units are feet above mean sea level.- Inferred groundwater contours were extrapolated from topgraphic and hydrographic information aswell as previous monitoring events.- AD-16 was replaced with AD-16R on 4/12/2017.- AD-2, -6, -7, -10, -12, and -18 was not gauged during the August 2018 sampling event.

750 0 750375Feet

324

AD-15321.57

Table 1: Residence Time Calculation Summary Welsh -Bottom Ash Storage Pond

Geosyntec Consultants, Inc.

CCRManagement

Unit

MonitoringWell

Well Diameter (inches)

Groundwater Velocity (ft/year)

Groundwater Residence

Time (days)



Time (days)



Time (days)AD-1 [1] 2.0 3.7 16.7 3.4 17.6 NC NCAD-3 [2] 2.0 6.5 9.4 5.1 11.9 0.4 158

AD-4C [2] 2.0 3.0 20.1 3.3 18.6 0.4 158AD-5 [1] 2.0 3.7 16.6 1.5 40.5 NC NC

AD-16R [2] 2.0 2.9 20.8 1.6 37.6 0.4 162AD-17 [1] 2.0 1.6 37.4 3.2 18.8 NC NC

Notes:[1] - Upgradient Well[2] - Downgradient Well[3] - Upgradient wells were not gauged at the time of sampling, residence time estimates are based on available data. NC - A groundwater residence time could not be calculated

2018-05

Bottom Ash Storage Pond

2018-08 2018-11[3]

Table 1 - Groundwater Data SummaryWelsh - Bottom Ash Storage Pond

5/26/2016 7/29/2016 9/30/2016 10/21/2016 12/14/2016 1/20/2017 2/24/2017 6/8/2017 10/6/2017Detection

Antimony mg/L <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U -Arsenic mg/L 0.00139 J <0.00105 U 0.00297 J <0.00105 U <0.00105 U <0.00105 U <0.00105 U 0.00114 J -Barium mg/L 0.191 0.191 0.141 0.114 0.0720 0.410 0.488 0.0935 -

Beryllium mg/L 0.000271 J 0.000316 J 0.000383 J 0.000311 J 0.000341 J 0.0000367 J <0.00002 U 0.000370 J -Boron mg/L 0.346 0.350 0.332 0.398 0.394 0.656 0.700 0.449 0.453

Cadmium mg/L 0.000213 J 0.0000940 J <0.00007 U <0.00007 U <0.00007 U <0.00007 U <0.00007 U <0.00007 U -Calcium mg/L 36.5 39.6 15.0 19.1 8.74 129 147 15.1 14.3Chloride mg/L 5.00 4.00 5.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 9.00 4.00 4.00

Chromium mg/L 0.000240 J <0.00023 U 0.00500 0.000412 J <0.00023 U <0.00023 U <0.00023 U 0.000660 J -Cobalt mg/L 0.00115 J 0.000616 J 0.000850 J 0.000650 J 0.000424 J 0.000480 J 0.000765 J 0.000770 J -

Combined Radium pCi/L 1.18 0.995 1.38 1.14 0.719 3.01 4.31 0.676 -Fluoride mg/L <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U

Lead mg/L <0.00068 U <0.00068 U 0.00338 J <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U -Lithium mg/L 0.0100 0.0190 0.0140 0.00800 0.00800 0.000276 J 0.00100 0.00902 -Mercury mg/L 0.0000330 0.00000793 J 0.0000177 J 0.00000534 J 0.0000152 J <0.000005 U <0.000005 U 0.00000700 J -

Molybdenum mg/L 0.000531 J <0.00029 U <0.00029 U 0.00140 J <0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U -Selenium mg/L 0.00175 J 0.00182 J 0.00103 J 0.00203 J 0.00186 J 0.00405 J <0.00099 U 0.00210 J -

Total Dissolved Solids mg/L 252 239 173 192 200 538 612 176 160Sulfate mg/L 42.0 36.0 35.0 42.0 40.0 68.0 68.0 42.0 40.0

Thallium mg/L 0.000960 J <0.00086 U <0.00086 U 0.00125 J <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U -pH SU 5.93 5.34 5.37 5.15 5.18 7.13 6.88 5.06 5.25

Notes:mg/L: milligrams per literpCi/L: picocuries per literSU: standard unitU: Non-detect value. Parameters which were not detected are shown as less than the method detection limit (MDL).J: Estimated value. Parameter was detected in concentrations below the reporting limit.-: Not sampledFor statistical analysis, parameters which were not detected were replaced with the reporting limit.

UnitParameterAD-1

Background

Page 1 of 7


Antimony mg/LArsenic mg/LBarium mg/L

Beryllium mg/LBoron mg/L

Cadmium mg/LCalcium mg/LChloride mg/L

Chromium mg/LCobalt mg/L

Combined Radium pCi/LFluoride mg/L

Lead mg/LLithium mg/LMercury mg/L

Molybdenum mg/LSelenium mg/L

Total Dissolved Solids mg/LSulfate mg/L

Thallium mg/LpH SU

UnitParameter 5/31/2016 7/29/2016 9/30/2016 10/21/2016 12/14/2016 1/20/2017 2/24/2017 6/8/2017 10/6/2017Detection

<0.00093 U 0.00321 J 0.00271 J 0.00247 J <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U -0.00157 J <0.00105 U 0.00262 J 0.00198 J <0.00105 U 0.00213 J <0.00105 U 0.00191 J -

0.0530 0.0360 0.0430 0.0410 0.0450 0.0410 0.0370 0.0380 -0.000286 J 0.000349 J 0.000189 J 0.000452 J 0.000262 J 0.000235 J 0.000209 J 0.000240 J -

0.0200 0.0200 0.0200 0.0600 0.0200 0.0200 0.0200 0.0333 0.0206<0.00007 U <0.00007 U 0.0000803 J 0.000277 J <0.00007 U <0.00007 U <0.00007 U 0.0000800 J -

1.41 0.706 0.500 0.794 1.05 0.746 0.573 0.543 0.9089.00 8.00 9.00 8.00 8.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00

0.000465 J 0.000515 J 0.000660 J 0.000819 J 0.000627 J 0.000647 J <0.00023 U 0.000750 J -0.00149 J 0.00119 J 0.00145 J 0.00153 J 0.00135 J 0.00163 J 0.00115 J 0.00128 J -

1.02 0.183 0.552 1.59 0.546 0.350 0.459 0.459 -<0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U 0.263 J <0.083 U

<0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U -0.0100 0.0240 0.0190 0.0180 0.0170 0.0140 0.0140 0.0150 -

0.000850 0.000589 0.000390 0.000351 0.000321 0.000504 0.000501 0.000365 -<0.00029 U 0.00143 J <0.00029 U 0.00600 <0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U -0.000996 J 0.00240 J 0.00180 J <0.00099 U <0.00099 U <0.00099 U <0.00099 U <0.00099 U -

106 118 127 112 138 76.0 104 104 1144.00 5.00 6.00 9.00 11.0 4.00 5.00 5.00 7.00

0.00132 J <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U -6.58 6.73 4.75 3.71 4.67 4.60 4.69 4.49 5.15


AD-3

Background

Page 2 of 7










Thallium mg/LpH SU


<0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U -<0.00105 U <0.00105 U 0.00151 J 0.00175 J 0.00225 J 0.00186 J <0.00105 U 0.00119 J -

0.0880 0.0590 0.0740 0.0690 0.0210 0.0750 0.0300 0.0514 -0.000408 J 0.000336 J 0.000274 J 0.000347 J 0.000134 J 0.000222 J 0.000103 J 0.000190 J -

0.0500 0.0300 0.0200 0.0400 0.0200 0.0200 0.0200 0.0333 0.0257<0.00007 U <0.00007 U <0.00007 U 0.0000809 J <0.00007 U <0.00007 U <0.00007 U 0.0000800 J -

0.798 0.666 0.500 0.578 0.341 0.761 0.467 0.573 0.65410.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 11.0 10.0 9.00 10.0 11.0

0.00900 0.00400 0.00800 0.00900 0.000944 J 0.00400 0.000421 J 0.00403 -0.00119 J 0.000853 J 0.000987 J 0.00109 J 0.000305 J 0.00103 J 0.000365 J 0.000750 J -

1.29 0.571 2.57 1.66 0.685 2.05 0.517 0.953 -<0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U

<0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U -0.00400 0.0150 0.00600 0.00600 0.00400 0.00500 0.00400 0.00482 -

0.000191 0.000185 0.000160 0.000141 0.000143 0.000125 0.0000980 0.000147 -<0.00029 U 0.00109 J <0.00029 U 0.00320 J <0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U -0.00113 J 0.00252 J 0.00196 J 0.00118 J 0.00127 J <0.00099 U <0.00099 U <0.00099 U -

204 208 212 212 252 184 196 228 22632.0 35.0 45.0 35.0 36.0 43.0 40.0 39.0 44.0

<0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U -5.41 5.47 4.96 4.30 4.62 4.67 5.10 4.88 5.38


AD-4C

Background

Page 3 of 7










Thallium mg/LpH SU


<0.00093 U 0.00205 J <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U -<0.00105 U 0.00291 J 0.00476 J <0.00105 U 0.00115 J <0.00105 U <0.00105 U 0.00385 J -

0.0570 0.0930 0.0870 0.0700 0.0530 0.0470 0.0420 0.0877 -0.000150 J 0.000519 J 0.000252 J 0.0000878 J 0.000165 J 0.0000575 J 0.0000307 J 0.0000800 J -

0.0300 0.0400 0.0400 0.0500 0.0500 0.0400 0.0400 0.0528 0.04320.0000765 J 0.000502 J <0.00007 U 0.000107 J 0.000204 J 0.000181 J <0.00007 U 0.000390 J -

36.9 44.7 46.3 50.7 49.6 49.8 33.0 49.7 33.115.0 16.0 15.0 14.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 14.0 16.0

0.000555 J 0.000411 J 0.000907 J 0.000248 J 0.000748 J <0.00023 U <0.00023 U 0.000280 J -0.0140 0.0150 0.0140 0.00900 0.0130 0.0120 0.0130 0.0119 -

1.63 4.75 3.33 2.32 2.18 1.02 1.79 2.32 -0.347 J <0.083 U 0.244 J <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U

<0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U -0.135 0.191 0.186 0.225 0.199 0.239 0.166 0.124 -

0.0000114 J 0.0000152 J <0.000005 U <0.000005 U 0.00000802 J <0.000005 U <0.000005 U <0.000005 U -<0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U 0.00137 J <0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U -<0.00099 U 0.00109 J <0.00099 U <0.00099 U <0.00099 U <0.00099 U <0.00099 U <0.00099 U -

337 360 416 448 484 438 286 300 258123 163 190 267 233 234 127 82.0 82.0

<0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U -6.38 5.36 5.29 5.92 6.21 6.27 5.48 5.96 5.59


AD-5

Background

Page 4 of 7










Thallium mg/LpH SU

UnitParameter 6/8/2017 6/28/2017 7/7/2017 7/14/2017 7/24/2017 7/28/2017 8/1/2017 8/2/2017 8/11/2017 8/18/2017 9/1/2017 10/6/2017Detection

<0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U - <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U -0.00707 0.00528 0.00413 J 0.00631 0.00388 J - 0.00370 0.00446 J 0.00493 J 0.00235 J 0.00212 J -0.0464 0.0414 0.0446 0.0544 0.0511 - 0.0485 0.0496 0.0475 0.0439 0.0441 -

0.00221 0.00216 0.00208 0.00201 0.00209 - 0.00217 0.00206 0.00189 0.00191 0.00175 -0.0420 0.0640 0.0270 0.0442 0.0324 - 0.0284 0.0318 0.0619 0.0304 0.0284 0.0467

0.00103 0.000920 J 0.000970 J 0.00109 0.00102 - 0.00128 0.00122 0.00113 0.00108 0.00104 -2.75 1.24 2.07 2.39 2.50 - 1.92 1.86 1.83 1.44 1.33 0.8967.00 6.00 36.0 6.00 7.00 - 7.00 7.00 8.00 7.00 7.00 7.00

0.00176 0.000950 J 0.00144 0.000840 J 0.00143 - 0.00107 0.000950 J 0.000960 J 0.000800 J 0.00118 -0.0417 0.0409 0.0418 0.0379 0.0409 - 0.0453 0.0431 0.0404 0.0401 0.0376 -

6.66 12.1 25.2 9.12 9.81 8.52 - 5.45 - 5.56 6.68 -0.344 J 0.251 J <0.083 U 0.252 J 0.262 J - <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U

<0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U - <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U -0.0293 0.0293 0.0285 0.0239 0.0265 - 0.0262 0.0250 0.0235 0.0247 0.0243 -

<0.000005 U <0.000005 U <0.000005 U 0.00000900 J <0.000005 U - 0.00000600 J <0.000005 U 0.00000800 J 0.00000900 J 0.00000600 J -<0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U - <0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U -0.00198 J <0.00099 U 0.00209 J <0.00099 U 0.00100 J - 0.00127 J 0.00174 0.00136 J <0.00099 U <0.00099 U -

204 200 184 160 180 - 162 174 164 160 152 15254.0 55.0 52.0 44.0 54.0 - 48.0 49.0 44.0 46.0 63.0 82.0

<0.00086 U <0.00086 U 0.00120 J <0.00086 U <0.00086 U - 0.00143 J 0.00202 <0.00086 U 0.000920 J <0.00086 U -3.68 3.91 3.37 3.52 3.49 2.77 - 3.00 4.05 3.42 3.86 3.29


AD-16R

Background

Page 5 of 7










Thallium mg/LpH SU


<0.00093 U 0.00114 J <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U <0.00093 U -0.00138 J <0.00105 U <0.00105 U <0.00105 U <0.00105 U <0.00105 U <0.00105 U <0.00105 U -

0.0210 0.0200 0.0310 0.0340 0.0170 0.0140 0.0200 0.0103 -0.000173 J 0.000307 J 0.000175 J 0.000201 J 0.0000498 J 0.0000320 J 0.0000666 J <0.00002 U -

0.121 0.119 0.111 0.124 0.135 0.101 0.135 0.121 0.1830.00200 0.00400 0.000848 J 0.00200 0.00300 0.00300 0.00200 0.00606 -

200 195 191 194 196 196 189 188 18343.0 32.0 36.0 32.0 31.0 33.0 30.0 30.0 31.0

0.00100 0.00100 0.00300 0.00400 0.000816 J 0.0680 0.00100 <0.00023 U -0.0630 0.0680 0.0580 0.0650 0.0680 0.0680 0.0730 0.0748 -

1.53 2.78 2.36 2.22 2.38 2.44 2.29 1.60 -0.402 J 0.414 J 0.306 J 0.583 J 0.540 J <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U

<0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U <0.00068 U -0.370 0.374 0.354 0.394 0.323 0.341 0.331 0.329 -

0.0000320 0.0000213 J <0.000005 U <0.000005 U 0.0000149 J <0.000005 U <0.000005 U 0.0000130 J -<0.00029 U 0.00104 J <0.00029 U 0.000322 J <0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U <0.00029 U -<0.00099 U 0.00457 J <0.00099 U 0.00334 J <0.00099 U <0.00099 U <0.00099 U <0.00099 U -

1810 1580 1660 1610 1560 1690 1630 1580 15501170 1010 1060 1160 1100 1450 1060 1110 1090

<0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U <0.00086 U -7.17 5.72 6.17 6.14 6.03 5.90 5.67 5.81 5.92


AD-17

Background

Page 6 of 7

Table 1 – Groundwater Data Summary Welsh – Bottom Ash Storage Pond -Sampling completed under Detection Monitoring Program


5/24/2018 8/14/2018 5/24/2018 11/13/2018 5/24/2018 8/14/2018 11/13/2018 12/18/2018 5/24/2018 8/15/2018 1/18/2018 5/23/2018 8/14/2018 11/13/2018 5/24/2018 8/15/20182018-D1 2018-D2 2018-D1 2018-D2 2018-D1 2018-D1-V1 2018-D2 2018-D2-V1 2018-D1 2018-D2 2017-D1-V1 2018-D1 2018-D1-V1 2018-D2 2018-D1 2018-D2

Boron mg/L 0.345 0.443 0.00690 J 0.009 J 0.0251 - 0.01 J - 0.0501 0.0500 - 0.0320 - 0.02 J 0.239 0.118Calcium mg/L 10.2 5.95 0.545 0.684 0.434 - 0.609 - 28.1 40.5 - 2.53 - 0.467 193 187Chloride mg/L 4.00 5.00 8.00 8.0 14.0 15.0 7.5 - 22.0 19.0 - 6.00 - 6.5 39.0 40.0Fluoride mg/L <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U - <0.083 U - <0.083 U <0.083 U - <0.083 U - <0.083 U <0.083 U <0.083 U

Total Dissolved Solids mg/L 150 160 98.0 114 224 - 220 - 242 428 - 204 - 186 1840 1750Sulfate mg/L 43.0 44.0 3.00 4.05 42.0 - 56 58 60.0 240 58.6 67.0 44.0 54 1070 1170

pH SU 2.19 5.18 4.38 5.19 5.17 4.99 5.79 - 6.22 6.23 4.00 3.79 3.85 5.57 6.28 5.60Notes:mg/L: milligrams per literpCi/L: picocuries per literSU: standard unitU: Parameter was not present in concentrations above method detection limit and is reported as the method detection limitJ: Estimated value. Parameter was detected in concentrations below the reporting limit-: Not sampled2017-D1-V1: Verification sampling, initial detection monitoring event (initial detection event occurred in 2017, the verification sampling for that event occurred in 2018)2018-D1: First semi-annual detection monitoring event, initial sampling event2018-D1-V1: Verification sampling, first semi-annual detection monitoring event2018-D2: Second semi-annual detection monitoring event, initial sampling event2018-D2-V1: Verification sampling, second semi-annual detection monitoring event

Parameter UnitAD-17AD-5AD-3 AD-4C AD-16RAD-1

APPENDIX II

Where applicable, show in this appendix the results from statistical analyses, and a description of the statistical analysis method chosen. These statistical analyses are to be conducted separately for each constituent in each monitoring well.

150 E.Wilson Bridge Road, Suite 232 Columbus, Ohio 43085

PH 614.468.0415 FAX 614.468.0416

www.geosyntec.com

CHA8423 20180227 Welsh BASP Addendum Memo

Memorandu m

Date: February 27, 2018

To: David Miller (AEP)

Copies to: Jill Parker-Witt (AEP)

From: Allison Kreinberg and Bruce Sass, Ph.D. (Geosyntec)

Subject: Evaluation of Detection Monitoring Data at Welsh Plant’s Bottom Ash Storage Pond (BASP)

In accordance with the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA’s) regulations regarding the disposal of coal combustion residuals (CCR) in landfills and surface impoundments (40 CFR 257.90-257.98, “CCR rule”), detection monitoring events were completed on October 6, 2017 and January 18, 2018 at the Bottom Ash Storage Pond (BASP), an existing CCR unit at the Welsh Power Plant located in Pittsburg, Texas.

Eight to ten background monitoring events were conducted at the Welsh BASP prior to these detection monitoring events, and upper prediction limits (UPLs) were calculated for each Appendix III parameter to represent background values. A lower prediction limit (LPL) was also calculated for pH. Details on the calculation of these background values are described in Geosyntec’s Statistical Analysis Summary report, dated January 15, 2018.

To achieve an acceptably high statistical power while maintaining a site-wide false-positive rate (SWFPR) of 10% per year or less, prediction limits were calculated based on a one-of-two retesting procedure. With this procedure, a statistically significant increase (SSI) is only concluded if both samples in a series of two exceeds the UPL. In practice, if the initial result did not exceed the UPL, a second sample was not collected or analyzed.

Detection monitoring results and the relevant background values are summarized in Table 1. pH was below the interwell LPL of 4.81 SU in both the initial (3.29 SU) and second (4.00 SU) samples collected at AD-16R. Therefore, an SSI over background is concluded for pH at AD-16R. As a result, the Welsh BASP CCR unit will conduct an alternate source demonstration.

No other exceedances of UPLs were observed during these detection monitoring events.

Table 1: Detection Monitoring Data EvaluationWelsh Plant - Bottom Ash Storage Pond


AD-3 AD-4C10/6/2017 10/6/2017 10/6/2017 1/18/2018

mg/L Intrawell Background Value (UPL) 0.0333 0.0571mg/L Detection Monitoring Result 0.0206 0.0257 0.0467 -mg/L Intrawell Background Value (UPL) 1.541 0.9615mg/L Detection Monitoring Result 0.908 0.654 0.896 -mg/L Intrawell Background Value (UPL) 9 12.63mg/L Detection Monitoring Result 9 11 7 -mg/L Intrawell Background Value (UPL) 1 1mg/L Detection Monitoring Result 0.083 0.083 0.083 -SU Interwell Background Value (UPL)SU Interwell Background Value (LPL)SU Detection Monitoring Result 5.15 5.38 3.29 4.00

mg/L Intrawell Background Value (UPL) 156 262.7mg/L Detection Monitoring Result 114 226 152 -mg/L Intrawell Background Value (UPL) 12.4 49.0mg/L Detection Monitoring Result 7 44 82 58.6

Notes:UPL: Upper prediction limitLPL: Lower prediction limit-: Not SampledBold values exceed the background value.Background values are shaded gray.

AD-16R

0.0700

3.069

8.3

Boron

Parameter Units Description

Chloride

Calcium

Sulfate

Total Dissolved Solids

pH

Fluoride 1

6.994.81

213.7

64.1

APPENDIX III

Alternate source demonstrations are included in this appendix. Alternate sources are sources or reasons that explain that statistically significant increases over background or statistically significant levels above the groundwater protection standard are not attributable to the CCR unit.

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