Announcements
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Transcript of Announcements
Announcements
• Pegasus server access
• Books on reserve
• Thebrainmcgill website
• Jan 17, 19 and 24, 20-30 minutes of class end, brain models will be available as needed for students to study
Organization of the Nervous System
Overview of the
Central (CNS),
Peripheral (PNS),
Autonomic (ANS),
Enteric (ENS)
Nervous Systems
Atlas Online
• connection.lww.com/products/bear/samplematerial.asp
• Read chapters 1 and 2
• Read the illustrated atlas
• Use chapters 3 and 4 as extra reading if needed for exam 2
Views of the Brain
• Link to the brain mcgill:
• From simple to complex
• Neurological level
• intermediate level
• Planes link button
• Beginner level
• 3D view of brain
Thebrainmcgill
• Link to the brain mcgill:
• From simple to complex
• Neurological level
• beginner level
• Each lobe link button
• The physical brain link button
Brain General Divisions• Superficial Structures
– Cerebrum, Cerebellum, Brain Stem (midbrain, pons, medulla)
• Cerebral Hemispheres,– Right & Left
• Four Lobes per Hemisphere– Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal
• Deep StructuresBasal Ganglia and Thalamus
Vocabulary
• Gyrus & Sulcus
• Grey and White Matter
• Nuclei and Ganglia
• Fissures
• Anterior, Posterior, Rostral, Caudal, Dorsal Ventral, Sagittal, Horizontal, Frontal/Coronal
Gyrus (gyri) and Sulcus (sulci)
Gyrus=folds on surface of brain Sulcus= grooves on brain’s surface
Purpose:increases surface area of the cortex so you can accommodate more neuronsmost developed part of brainmost recently evolved part of the brain.
Cerebrum
• Paired cerebral hemispheres both together referred to as cerebrum
Cerebral Hemispheres
• Right controls left side muscle and sensory
• Right involved in spatial reasoning/parallel processing
• Left controls right side muscle and sensory
• Left involved in logical reasoning
• In most humans, right controls language
Four Lobes in Each Hemisphere
External surface divided into 4 lobes
Frontal lobe process conscious control of movement and behavior & personality
Parietal lobe processes sensory information from muscle and skin
Temporal lobe is involved in processing hearing, and language
Occipital lobe subserves visual systems
Regional Specialization
• Processing of information is segregated in specific areas of the brain and separated by function.
Microscopic Cortical Organization
• cerebral cortex: outer layers have gray matter with soma, synapses dendrites
• Inner area has white matter=Myelinated afferent and efferent axons
Nuclei
Collection of neuronal somas in the deeper brain structures