Annotated Bibliography-Apartheid

5/25/2018 Annotated Bibliography-Apartheid

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Megan Barrera

Annotated Bibliography

Apartheid: A Society Divided

Thesis Statement: Between 1948 and 1994, the Nationalist Party of South Africa created

a campaign called Apartheid that affected Colored and Bantu Africans by revoking theircommon human rights and, because of this, activist groups willingly took the

responsibility to end the campaign.

Primary Resources

AFP/Getty Images. Soweto Riot. Digital image. World History: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 6 Nov. 2013.

Document URL:

http://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/845886?terms=black+consciousness

According to the photo, the Soweto riot was a protest march that pertained to

education. The caption states that it was due to Bantus not agreeing with theAfrikaners only teaching European education. By looking at the photo, there is a

large turn out in the march, so it demonstrates the support from Bantu citizens.

This photo is used in my project as a visual representation that explains the supportthe Anti-Apartheid movement had, by all who were affected.

African National Congress.Flag of the African National Congress. Digital image. WorldHistory: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 6 Dec. 2013.

Document URL:

http://0-worldhistory.abc-

clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/420891?terms=african+national+congress

The photo is of the African National Congress (ANC)s flag, which is colored

yellow, black, and green. It features a hand holding a spear and a shield. This has

significance because it represents the spear of the nation, or the organizationsturn to violence to get their point across. The flag is used in my project as a visual

to support information on the ANC and their campaigns.

African National Congress. The Freedom Charter. The Freedom Charter.N.p., n.d.1955. Web. 18 Oct. 2013.

Document URL:

http://www.anc.org.za/show.php?id=72

According to the Freedom Charter of 1955, the people will govern, have equal

rights, share the countrys wealth, share landholdings, and have equal humanrights. The people of South Africa should connect and leave behind the social

issues tied with the Apartheid. This charter is useful because it shows what the
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Megan Barrera



Anti-Apartheid movements were striving for. It is used in my assignment as an

example of what rights colored and Bantu Africans wanted to gain back that weretaken away due to the mass separation.

ANC.ANC Youth League. Digital image.African National Congress. African NationalCongress, Apr. 1944. Web. 6 Dec. 2013.

Document URL:http://ancarchives.org.za/anc-youth-league/

According to the photo, there are participants of the ANC Youth League. Nelson

Mandela, Walter Sisulu, and Oliver Tambo founded this program. The purpose ofthe program was to allow young adults to participate in the movement, which it did

and they worked closely with the ANC parent group. This photo is used in my

project as a visual showing how activists group could come together in order to

accomplish their responsibility.

Apartheid: The Tyranny of Racism Made Law. Digital Image. U.N. New and Media

Photos. United Nations, New York, 1 Jan. 1982. Web. 16 Oct. 2013.

Document URL:

http://www.unmultimedia.org/photo/detail.jsp?id=116/116451&key=154&

query=subject:Apartheid&lang=en&so=0&sf=date

The image shows a graveyard in a single colored African homeland where it

appears to be crowded with handmade headstones. In the caption, it states a

demographic of how nearly half of the colored children in these homelandsdied before reaching five years old, while white Europeans didnt suffer from

many medical issues. It is useful because it shows the lack of rights they were

given, such as medical requirements. It is used in my assignment as an

example supporting my argument.

AP Images. Sign in South Africa before the end of the Apartheid. Literary Movements

for Students: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Literary Movements.

Ed. Ira Mark Milne. 2nded. Vol. 2. Detroit: Gale, 2009. World History in Context.

Web. 14 Oct. 2013.

Document URL:

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Megan Barrera



This image shows one of he guidelines given to colored citizens during the

Apartheid. Many of the laws, including this one, made during the time were to

distance the white and colored groups and support segregation. Specifically,

this sign demonstrates the rules colored shop owners had to follow, whichincluded placing the guidelines visible in their shop. It is useful because it

shows the regulations and includes one specific law.

AP Photo.Nelson Mandela Addresses Crowd in Soweto. Digital image. World

Geography: Understanding a Changing World. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 6 Dec.

2013.

Document URL:

http://0-worldgeography.abc-

clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/1838274?terms=nelson%20mand

ela&webSiteCode=SLN_WGEO&returnToPage=%2fSearch%2fDisplay%2f183

8274%3fterms%3dnelson+mandela&token=D0013ACB70F70A1BC561BDF8

8FD2F7DD&casError=False

This photo demonstrates Nelson Mandelas leadership and authority. It

depicts him presenting a speech in 1990. This is after his release from prison,

and it seems that he is supporting triumph that the participation of all the

citizens helped abolish the Apartheid. It is used in my project to demonstrate

how Nelson remained a leader due to his persistence and focus on ending

Apartheid.

AP Photo. South Africa's Foreign Minister Burned in Effigy by Anti-apartheid Protestors.

Digital image. World History in Context: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2013.Web. 6 Dec. 2013.

Document URL:http://0-worldhistory.abc-

clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/1768405?terms=apartheid

In the photo, there is a crowd of protestors carrying signs supporting an end to

racism. An effigy is simply a figure made for hatred, so the burning man is a figure

of the foreign minister. South Africa was a disappointing sight for the U.N. when

Eric Louw showed his support for pro-Apartheid. It is used in my assignment as areference to show how non-violent protests occurred during the Apartheid and

what they would campaign against.

AP/Wide World Photos.Non-European South Africans Defy Apartheid Restrictions.Digital image. World History in Context. Gale, Cengage Learning, 2010. Web. 6

Dec. 2013.
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Megan Barrera



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This photo depicts the Defiance Campaign of 1952 and how the Bantu and colored

Africans refused to carry their required passbooks, which was led by Walter

Sisulu. Pertaining to this situation, officials began to apprehend the citizens inBoksburg, South Africa. It is used in my project as a visual of how activists would

still keep to their responsibility, even when their plan didnt go accordingly.

AP/Wide World Photos. Stephen Biko. Digital image. World History: The Modern Era.ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 6 Dec. 2013.

Document URL:


clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/301158?terms=stephen+biko

This image is a photograph of Stephen Biko. He was the founder of the Black

Consciousness and one of the most important key contributors of the Anti-

Apartheid movement. It is useful because it offers a face to one of the people whosignificantly affected the Apartheid situation. It is used in my assignment as a

reference as to who Stephen Biko was.

Archambault, G.H. Transition Hard for South Africa. New York Times3 Jan. 1951:

69. Print.

Archambault, G.H. Transition Hard for South Africa. Editorial. New York Times 3 Jan.

1951: 69. Historical Newspapers. Web. 16 Oct. 2013.

Document URL:

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HNP%3BPQD%3BHNP%3BROD%3Bx-citation%3B89769280
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89769280&mylisturn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDhttp://0-hnpl.bigchalk.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/hnweb/hnpl/do/document?set=searchalleras&start=1&rendition=x-article-image&inmylist=false&urn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDOC%3BHNP%3BPQD%3BHNP%3BPROD%3Bx-article-image%3B89769280&mylisturn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDhttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/301158?terms=stephen+bikohttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/301158?terms=stephen+bikohttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+non-european+south+africans+defy&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGrouhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+non-european+south+africans+defy&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGrouhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+non-european+south+africans+defy&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGrouhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+non-european+south+africans+defy&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGrouhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+non-european+south+africans+defy&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGrouhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+non-european+south+africans+defy&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGrou


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According to G.H. Archambault, the movement of an agricultural society to an

industrial society was quite difficult. White Europeans do not agree with

training colored Africans because they didnt believe they can be skilled in

any way. It is useful because it demonstrates how the Apartheid affected the

economy as an overall unit and shows that colored Africans were exiled in away. The newspaper article is useful because it offers evidence as to how the

separation was reflected on through everyday work.

Biko, Stephen.Bantu Stephen Biko- Architect of Black Consciousness Manifesto- Rare

TV Interview South African History Online. Perf. Stephen Biko.Bantu Stephen

Biko- Architect of Black Consciousness Manifesto- Rare TV Interview | South

African History Online. South African History Online, n.d. Web. 28 Mar. 2014.

Document URL:

http://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/bantu-steve-biko-architect-black-

consciousness-manifesto-rare-tv-interview

According to the interview of Stephen Biko, he stated what the main effort hadbeen against Apartheid for the activist groups. They wanted to eliminate the ideas

of minority and majority racial groups so there would not be any discrimination,

just people as equals. The interview is used in my project because it provides a

primary account of my key contributors to explain first-hand what they wanted tochange in South African society.

Biko, Stephen. "Stephen Biko: quote on race relations." World History: The Modern Era.ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 8 Dec. 2013

Document URL:http://0-worldhistory.abc-

clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/335738?terms=stephenbiko&webSiteCode=SLN_HMOD&returnToPage=%2fSearch%2fDisplay%2f33

5738%3fterms=stephen+biko&token=D0013ACB70F70A1BC561BDF88FD2F7

DD&casError=False

According to the quote by Stephen Biko, he wanted to end the negative

reputation and show Afrikaners who Bantu and colored Africans really were.

At the end, he states that they will ask if they want to join them on their

clearly defined terms. It is used in my assignment as a representation of what

the activists actually wanted. They did not care for winning but more so

becoming whole with society.

Clegg, Johnny. "Asimbonanga."Asimbonanga/Biko. Soweto Gospel Choir. N.d. MP3.

In this audio recording, the artist is talking about how Nelson Mandela was

taken and the citizens cant see him. It mentions some key contributors that
http://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/bantu-steve-biko-architect-black-consciousness-manifesto-rare-tv-interviewhttp://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/bantu-steve-biko-architect-black-consciousness-manifesto-rare-tv-interviewhttp://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/bantu-steve-biko-architect-black-consciousness-manifesto-rare-tv-interviewhttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/335738?terms=stephen%20biko&webSiteCode=SLN_HMOD&returnToPage=%2fSearch%2fDisplay%2f335738%3fterms%3dstephen+biko&token=D0013ACB70F70A1BC561BDF88FD2F7DD&casError=Falsehttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/335738?terms=stephen%20biko&webSiteCode=SLN_HMOD&returnToPage=%2fSearch%2fDisplay%2f335738%3fterms%3dstephen+biko&token=D0013ACB70F70A1BC561BDF88FD2F7DD&casError=Falsehttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/335738?terms=stephen%20biko&webSiteCode=SLN_HMOD&returnToPage=%2fSearch%2fDisplay%2f335738%3fterms%3dstephen+biko&token=D0013ACB70F70A1BC561BDF88FD2F7DD&casError=Falsehttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/335738?terms=stephen%20biko&webSiteCode=SLN_HMOD&returnToPage=%2fSearch%2fDisplay%2f335738%3fterms%3dstephen+biko&token=D0013ACB70F70A1BC561BDF88FD2F7DD&casError=Falsehttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/335738?terms=stephen%20biko&webSiteCode=SLN_HMOD&returnToPage=%2fSearch%2fDisplay%2f335738%3fterms%3dstephen+biko&token=D0013ACB70F70A1BC561BDF88FD2F7DD&casError=Falsehttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/335738?terms=stephen%20biko&webSiteCode=SLN_HMOD&returnToPage=%2fSearch%2fDisplay%2f335738%3fterms%3dstephen+biko&token=D0013ACB70F70A1BC561BDF88FD2F7DD&casError=Falsehttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/335738?terms=stephen%20biko&webSiteCode=SLN_HMOD&returnToPage=%2fSearch%2fDisplay%2f335738%3fterms%3dstephen+biko&token=D0013ACB70F70A1BC561BDF88FD2F7DD&casError=Falsehttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/335738?terms=stephen%20biko&webSiteCode=SLN_HMOD&returnToPage=%2fSearch%2fDisplay%2f335738%3fterms%3dstephen+biko&token=D0013ACB70F70A1BC561BDF88FD2F7DD&casError=Falsehttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/335738?terms=stephen%20biko&webSiteCode=SLN_HMOD&returnToPage=%2fSearch%2fDisplay%2f335738%3fterms%3dstephen+biko&token=D0013ACB70F70A1BC561BDF88FD2F7DD&casError=Falsehttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/335738?terms=stephen%20biko&webSiteCode=SLN_HMOD&returnToPage=%2fSearch%2fDisplay%2f335738%3fterms%3dstephen+biko&token=D0013ACB70F70A1BC561BDF88FD2F7DD&casError=Falsehttp://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/bantu-steve-biko-architect-black-consciousness-manifesto-rare-tv-interviewhttp://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/bantu-steve-biko-architect-black-consciousness-manifesto-rare-tv-interview


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Megan Barrera



worked alongside him. This is useful because it is about the Apartheid and a

specific situation. It is used in my assignment for aesthetics and its meaning.

Corel.Resettlement Village in Natal. Digital image. World History: The Modern Era.

ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 6 Dec. 2013

Document URL:


clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/354147?terms=south+african+apartheid

This image depicts a woman with multiple children in a living area that seems to

be uninhabitable. Unfortunately, this is what the homes of Bantu and colored

Africans appeared to be after the Population Registration Act of 1950. It is used inmy assignment as a representation of what life was like as the Africans rights

were slowly diminishing.

Corel. Segregated stands in a South African sports arena. Image. World History: The

Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 13 Oct. 2013.

Document URL:


clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/330748?terms=south+africa+apar

theid

The image was post-World War II during the South African Apartheid and

depicts the true separation of society at the time. The left side of the stand was

reserved for the white Afrikaners and the right side of the stand was left for

the Bantu Africans. It is useful because it physically demonstrates what it was

like with segregation, even before the worst phase of the Apartheid. In my

project, the photo will be used as a representation of how life appeared.

Embassy of South Africa.Nelson Mandela Casting Ballot. Digital image. World History:

The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 6 Dec. 2013.

Document URL:


clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/1671577?terms=nelson+mandela

In this photo, Nelson Mandela is submitting his vote after the complete end of

Apartheid. This is a major point in history because it is where colored and Bantu

Africans were able to succeed in their journey of gaining their rights. It is used in

my assignment as a representation of activist groups fulfilling their responsibilityand citizens gaining their rights back. In addition, it is an introduction to a

democratic South Africa.
http://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/354147?terms=south+african+apartheidhttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/354147?terms=south+african+apartheidhttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/354147?terms=south+african+apartheidhttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/330748?terms=south+africa+apartheidhttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/330748?terms=south+africa+apartheidhttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/330748?terms=south+africa+apartheidhttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/330748?terms=south+africa+apartheidhttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/1671577?terms=nelson+mandelahttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/1671577?terms=nelson+mandelahttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/1671577?terms=nelson+mandelahttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/1671577?terms=nelson+mandelahttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/330748?terms=south+africa+apartheidhttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/330748?terms=south+africa+apartheidhttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/330748?terms=south+africa+apartheidhttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/354147?terms=south+african+apartheidhttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/354147?terms=south+african+apartheid


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Megan Barrera



Farrell, Denis. Oliver Tambo. Digital image. World History: The Modern Era. ABC-

CLIO, 2013. Web. 6 Dec. 2013.

Document URL:

http://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/1153207?terms=oliver+tambo

This image is a photograph of Oliver Tambo, another very significant key

contributor of the Anti-Apartheid movement. Tambo joined together with

Nelson Mandela and Walter Sisulu to create the ANC Youth League. The photo

is useful because it presents a visual of Oliver Tambo. It is used in my

assignment as a reference to how Tambo appeared.

Geyer, A.L. Speech in the Support of Apartheid in South Africa. A.L. Geyer: Speech in

Support of Apartheid in South Africa (1953). Rotary Club of London, London.

19 Aug. 1953. Speech.

A.L. Geyer: Speech in Support of Apartheid in South Africa (1953). World

History: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 13 Oct. 2013.

Document URL:



According to A.L. Geyer, Apartheid is the way for both societies to grow

because it allows them to develop at their own pace. The Bantus can advance

further with agriculture and industry and the white Europeans can control

politically. The speech is useful because if offers an opinion to the other side

of the argument. It is used in my assignment as an additional document that

offers the perspective of a white European, rather than a colored African.

Halsall, Paul, ed. U.N. Resolution 1598: On Race Conflict in South Africa 1961.

Modern History Sourcebook. Fordham University, July 1998. Web. 16 Oct.

2013.

Document URL:

http://www.fordhamuniversity.edu/halsall/mod/1961-un-southafrica1.html

According to the U.N. Resolution 1598, the South African government failed

to comply with their previous requests, so they reminded them of their

duties as a government and asked of them to reconsider their policies to form

them with their obligations, It is useful because it shows the resistance and
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Megan Barrera



reluctance of the government to avoid Apartheid. It is used in my project as

evidence to show the fight against Apartheid was not easy for the activists.

Hulton Archives. Sharpeville Massacre. Digital image. World History: The Modern Era.

ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 6 Dec. 2013.

Document URL:


clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/333854?terms=sharpeville+massacre

In this photo, it shows the aftermath of the Sharpeville Massacre, a very

violent turn of events at an activist protest. Many protestors were murdered

immediately when officials became frantic. It is used in my project as a

reference as to how violent situations became during the process of activist

groups supporting Ant-Apartheid.

Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis.Rioting in Soweto, South Africa, 1976. Digital image.World History in Context. Gale, Cengage Learning, 2010. Web. 6 Dec. 2013.

Document URL:

http://0-

ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetail

sWindow?total=3&query=OQE+riots+soweto&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=

normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_

main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sortBy=relevance%2Cdescendin

g&source=fullList&p=WHIC%3AUHIC&action=e&catId=&view=docDisplay&

documentId=GALE%7CBT2380000594

In this photo, it depicts the situation before the Soweto Massacre. A protestor

seems to be confronting an official, while the other officials are watching the

protestors in the background. This photo is used in my assignment as a visual

to show what happened before the massacre occurred.

Liasion Agency.Apartheid Signs in South Africa 1956.1956. Photograph. Gale,

Cengage Learning, n.p.

Apartheid Signs in South Africa, 1956. Gale World History in Context.Detroit: Gale, 2010. World History in Context. Web. 14 Oct. 2013

Document URL:

http://0-

ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/which/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDeta

ilsWindow?total=49&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&currPage=

1&sortBy=relevance%2Cdescending&query=BS+apartheid&prodId=WHIC&
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9/21

Megan Barrera



action=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CBT2380000882&userGroupName=

lvccld_main&jsid=757afba83751222212e1af9bf03b11e1

This image demonstrates the white Afrikaners ideas of the nonwhite

Africans. They saw and endorsed them as a terrible group of people whowere not human or of their standards. The photo shows two colored males

walking to their living quarters with a sign that has a phrase that

demonstrates them as a danger. It is useful because it shows the view of the

colored Africans in the white European perspective. The image will be

utilized in my assignment as a reference on how nonwhite Africans were

seen in others eyes.

Hulton-Deutsch Collection/CORBIS. South African Shanty Town, 1948. Digital image.

Masterpiece. Public Broadcasting Service, n.d. Web. 6 Dec. 2013.

Document URL:

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/endgame/timeline.html

The photo presents a common shantytown in the townships where the Bantu

Africans resided. The area is not the conditions one should be living in, but their

lifestyle normally appeared to be this way. This image is used in my assignment

as a visual of life in the beginning of the Apartheid for nonwhite Africans.

Mandela, Nelson R. No Easy Walk to Freedom. Speech. Presidential Address by

Nelson R. Mandela to the ANC (Transvaal) Congress) 21 Sept. 1953. News24.

24 Jan. 2011. Web. 16 Oct. 2013.

Document URL:

http://www.news24.com/NelsonMandela/Speeches/FULL-TEXT-No-Easy-

Walk-To-Freedom-20110124

According to Nelson Mandela, the campaign of Defiance brought far strides in

the fight against Apartheid because a vast array of laws passed were taking

away the rights of Colored Africans. For example, the Bantu Education Bills

sole purpose was to teach the African children that they were inferior to the

white Europeans. This speech is useful because it offers important political

changes done during the Apartheid and what accomplishments were made togain back rights. It is used in my assignment for its examples of laws and great

milestones reached on the colored Africans part.

Mandela, Nelson."Nelson Mandela: quote on political struggle." World History: TheModern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 8 Dec. 2013.

Document URL:
http://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/which/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=49&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&currPage=1&sortBy=relevance%2Cdescending&query=BS+apartheid&prodId=WHIC&action=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CBT2380000882&http://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/which/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=49&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&currPage=1&sortBy=relevance%2Cdescending&query=BS+apartheid&prodId=WHIC&action=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CBT2380000882&http://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/which/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=49&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&currPage=1&sortBy=relevance%2Cdescending&query=BS+apartheid&prodId=WHIC&action=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CBT2380000882&http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/endgame/timeline.htmlhttp://www.news24.com/NelsonMandela/Speeches/FULL-TEXT-No-Easy-Walk-To-Freedom-20110124http://www.news24.com/NelsonMandela/Speeches/FULL-TEXT-No-Easy-Walk-To-Freedom-20110124http://www.news24.com/NelsonMandela/Speeches/FULL-TEXT-No-Easy-Walk-To-Freedom-20110124http://www.news24.com/NelsonMandela/Speeches/FULL-TEXT-No-Easy-Walk-To-Freedom-20110124http://www.news24.com/NelsonMandela/Speeches/FULL-TEXT-No-Easy-Walk-To-Freedom-20110124http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/endgame/timeline.htmlhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/which/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=49&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&currPage=1&sortBy=relevance%2Cdescending&query=BS+apartheid&prodId=WHIC&action=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CBT2380000882&http://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/which/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=49&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&currPage=1&sortBy=relevance%2Cdescending&query=BS+apartheid&prodId=WHIC&action=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CBT2380000882&


10/21

Megan Barrera




clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/337287?terms=nelson+mandela

In this quote by Nelson Mandela, he explains how his passion to fight the

Apartheid began. He states that there was no complete thought process, but thesituation of the surroundings prompted him to go against the system to save the

Bantu and Colored Africans. It is used in my assignment as an explanation for

Mandelas activist efforts during the Apartheid.

National Party of South Africa. National Party of South Africa: Policy on Colour

(1948). World History: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 14 Oct. 2013.

Document URL:



The National Party of South Africa gave this declaration and it explained their

terms and policies on the colored group of South Africa. They wanted to

express that they were in favor of the white minority, but did not want to

oppress the colored group. This document is useful because is offers the

limited rights the colored group had during the Apartheid. It is used in my

assignment as additional examples of rights given to the colored people by the

government.

National Party of South Africa. Population Registration Act, No. 30.Governments of

the World: A Global Guide to Citizens Rights and Responsibilities. Ed. C. Neal

Tate. Vol. 4. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2006. 330-331. World History

In Context. Web. 16 Oct. 2013.

Document URL:

http://0-

ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/PrimarySourcesDetailsPage/Prim

arySourcesDetailsWindow?query=&prodId=WHIC&displayGroupName=Prim

arySources&limiter=&source=&disableHighlighting=false&displayGroups=&s

ortBy=&search_within_results=&action=2&catId==&activityType=&document

Id=GALE%7CCX3447400356&userGroupName=lvccld_main&jsid=f2782340e

69872d547ca7f9b550aac01

According to the Registration Act, all people in the union were to be recorded

with all details such as birth and residence, but they also needed what is

called an identity number, which individualized them from one another. It is

useful because it gives background insight as to how society during the

Apartheid functioned. It is used in my assignment, as a reference to the
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11/21

Megan Barrera



different acts performed by the government to separate the societies from

each other.

New York Times. Racism in South Africa. New York Times 10 May 1950: 29+. Print

New York Times. Racism in South Africa. Editorial. New York Times 10 May 1950:

29. Historical Newspapers. Web. 16 Oct. 2013.

Document URL:

http://0-

hnpl.bigchalk.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/hnweb/hnpl/do/document?set=searchall

eras&start=1&rendition=x-article-

image&inmylist=false&urn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDOC%3BHNP%3

BPQD%3BHNP%3BPROD%3Bx-article-

image%3B94258721&mylisturn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDOC%3BH

NP%3BPQD%3BHNP%3BPROD%3Bx-citation%3B94258721

The newspaper article states that the Europeans slowly became dominant

over the colored African and this can be supported with a bill passed that

forced Indians to sell their land to Europeans. It is useful because it gives

evidence that as the Europeans rights went up, the colored Africans rights

went down. It is used in my assignment for its examples of the points of

decreasing rights and explaining the different racial groups.

Reuters/Corbis-Bettmann.Nelson Mandela and F. W. De Klerk Celebrate the End ofSouth African Apartheid. Digital image. World History In Context. Gale, Cengage

Learning, 1994. Web. 6 Dec. 2013.



dow?total=36&query=OQE+nelson+mandela&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&

currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sortBy=relevance%2Cdescending&source=f

ullList&p=WHIC&action=e&catId=&view=docDisplay&documentId=GALE%7C

BT2380000055

In this image, Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Clerk are triumphantly celebrated the

official end to the South African Apartheid in 1994. In 1991, major laws began to

become appealed and the activists were released from prison. This is usefulbecause if offers a conclusion to my argument. It is used in my assignment as a

concluding image to the South African Apartheid.
http://0-hnpl.bigchalk.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/hnweb/hnpl/do/document?set=searchalleras&start=1&rendition=x-article-image&inmylist=false&urn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDOC%3BHNP%3BPQD%3BHNP%3BPROD%3Bx-article-image%3B94258721&mylisturn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDhttp://0-hnpl.bigchalk.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/hnweb/hnpl/do/document?set=searchalleras&start=1&rendition=x-article-image&inmylist=false&urn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDOC%3BHNP%3BPQD%3BHNP%3BPROD%3Bx-article-image%3B94258721&mylisturn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDhttp://0-hnpl.bigchalk.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/hnweb/hnpl/do/document?set=searchalleras&start=1&rendition=x-article-image&inmylist=false&urn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDOC%3BHNP%3BPQD%3BHNP%3BPROD%3Bx-article-image%3B94258721&mylisturn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDhttp://0-hnpl.bigchalk.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/hnweb/hnpl/do/document?set=searchalleras&start=1&rendition=x-article-image&inmylist=false&urn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDOC%3BHNP%3BPQD%3BHNP%3BPROD%3Bx-article-image%3B94258721&mylisturn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDhttp://0-hnpl.bigchalk.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/hnweb/hnpl/do/document?set=searchalleras&start=1&rendition=x-article-image&inmylist=false&urn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDOC%3BHNP%3BPQD%3BHNP%3BPROD%3Bx-article-image%3B94258721&mylisturn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDhttp://0-hnpl.bigchalk.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/hnweb/hnpl/do/document?set=searchalleras&start=1&rendition=x-article-image&inmylist=false&urn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDOC%3BHNP%3BPQD%3BHNP%3BPROD%3Bx-article-image%3B94258721&mylisturn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDhttp://0-hnpl.bigchalk.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/hnweb/hnpl/do/document?set=searchalleras&start=1&rendition=x-article-image&inmylist=false&urn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDOC%3BHNP%3BPQD%3BHNP%3BPROD%3Bx-article-image%3B94258721&mylisturn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDhttp://0-hnpl.bigchalk.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/hnweb/hnpl/do/document?set=searchalleras&start=1&rendition=x-article-image&inmylist=false&urn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDOC%3BHNP%3BPQD%3BHNP%3BPROD%3Bx-article-image%3B94258721&mylisturn=urn%3Aproquest%3AUS%3BPQDhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=36&query=OQE+nelson+mandela&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sortBy=rhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=36&query=OQE+nelson+mandela&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sortBy=rhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=36&query=OQE+nelson+mandela&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sortBy=rhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=36&query=OQE+nelson+mandela&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sortBy=rhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=36&query=OQE+nelson+mandela&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sortBy=rhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=36&query=OQE+nelson+mandela&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sortBy=rhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=36&query=OQE+nelson+mandela&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sortBy=rhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=36&query=OQE+nelson+mandela&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sortBy=rhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=36&query=OQE+nelson+mandela&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sortBy=rhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=36&query=OQE+nelson+mandela&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sortBy=rhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=36&query=OQE+nelson+mandela&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sortBy=rhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=36&query=OQE+nelson+mandela&prodId=WHIC&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Reuters/Corbis-Bettmann.Nelson Mandela Casting Ballot. Digital image. World Historyin Context. Gale, Cengage Learning, 2010. Web. 6 Dec. 2013.


ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetails

Window?total=36&query=OQE+nelson+mandela&prodId=WHIC&windowstat

e=normal&mode=view&limiter=&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main

&currPage=1&displayGroups=&sortBy=relevance%2Cdescending&source=&

p=WHIC&action=e&catId=&view=statisticsDocDisplay&documentId=GALE%

7CBT2380001437

This image shows Nelson Mandela placing his ballot in the first election where

Bantu and Colored Africans were able to vote. It is significant and useful

because it shows the introduction of a democracy in South Africa. It is used in

my assignment as a concluding photo to demonstrate the aftermath of the end

of the Apartheid.

Sharpeville Massacre. 1960. Photograph. ANC Archives, South Africa.

Sharpeville Massacre. 1960. Photograph. ANC Archives, South Africa. ANC Archives.

African National Congress. Web. 16 Oct. 2013

Document URL:

http://ancarchives.org.za/sharpeville-protest/

The image pertains to the Sharpeville Massacre of March 21, 1960, where

police officials murdered sixty-nine protestors. In the image, the people do not

appear harmful, but the officials are viciously attacking them with weapons. It

is useful because it demonstrates the difficult times when groups tried to

protest for their rights. It is used in my assignment as an example of the

hardships experienced by those trying to gain what rights they should have.

Sprenger, Richard, Mustafa Khalili, and Alex Purcell. "Nelson Mandela, 1964: 'I Am

Prepared to Die' - Audio Recording of Speech at Sabotage Trial."

Theguardian.com. Guardian News and Media, 05 Dec. 2013. Web. 06 Dec. 2013.

Document URL:

http://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2013/dec/05/nelson-mandela-

1964-speech-audio

In this audio clip, Nelson Mandela is making an opening statement for his trial

pertaining to treason. He mentions how South Africa has the capability of
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Megan Barrera



being successful, but it is too separated and contrasting. It is useful because it

offers his point of view on the situation. It is used in my assignment as a

supplement to his history.

STF/AFP/GETTY IMAGES. Stephen Bikos Funeral, 1977. A Man Holds a Poster ofStephen Biko, with a Large Group Of...Digital image. World History in Context.

Gale, Cengage Learning, 2009. Web. 6 Dec. 2013.

Document URL:

http://0-


dow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_mai

n&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sortBy=relevance%2Cdescending&sourc

e=fullList&p=WHIC%3AUHIC&action=e&catId=&view=docDisplay&document

Id=GALE%7CPC2831287049

In this photo, it shows a supporter of Stephen Biko raising a poster at Bikos

funeral in support of his work. The crowd surrounding him appears in amelancholic state. It is useful because it shows the impact the contributors had on

their followers. It is used in my assignment as an addition image to present

Stephen Biko.

Tambo, Oliver. Oliver Tambo: Speech on the Struggle Against Apartheid. Speech on

the Struggle Against Apartheid. South Africa. 1968. Speech.

Oliver Tambo: Speech on the Struggle Against Apartheid (1968). World History: TheModern Era. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 13 Oct. 2013.

Document URL:


clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/309227?terms=south+africa

Oliver Tambo gave this speech in 1968 and goes into depth explaining the

both sides of the Apartheid, one being the side trying to increase human rights

and the other attempting to take away colored Africans right. In addition, it

explains the reshaping of African society and the doctrines introduced by the

Nationalist Party. The content of the passage was very descriptive and offered

many events that took place during the time of the Apartheid. In my

assignment, this information is utilized to give a portion of background and to

argue the lack of rights of the Bantu Africans of South Africa.

Telegraph Office 1955. 1955. Hulton Archive/Getty Images.About.com African History.

Web. 17 May 2014.
http://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sorhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sorhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sorhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sorhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sorhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sorhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sorhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sorhttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/309227?terms=south+africahttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/309227?terms=south+africahttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/309227?terms=south+africahttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/309227?terms=south+africahttp://0-worldhistory.abc-clio.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/Search/Display/309227?terms=south+africahttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sorhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sorhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sorhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sorhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sorhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sorhttp://0-ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/whic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetailsWindow?total=1&query=OQE+stephen+biko+funeral&prodId=WHIC&windowstate=normal&mode=view&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&u=lvccld_main&currPage=1&displayGroups=Images&sor


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Document URL:

http://africanhistory.about.com/od/apartheid/ig/Apartheid-Signs-Image-

Gallery/Telegraph-Office.htm

This image depicts a 1955 telegraph office in South Africa during Apartheid. It

shows separation of the office with both European and non-European sections

where individuals falling under the categories would go for service. It is useful

because it demonstrates the true separation of South African society during

the time of the policy of Apartheid.

Turnley, David, and Corbis. Blacks were Forced to Live in Townships Such as This One

during the Apartheid Years in South Africa N.d. World Religions Reference

Library, n.p.

Blacks were forced to live in townships such as this one during the Apartheid

years in south Africa World Religions Reference Library. Ed. Julie L.

Carnagie, et al. Vol. 4: Biographies. Detroit: UXL, 2007. U.S History in Context.

Web. 14 Oct. 2013.

Document URL:

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ic.galegroup.com.ilsweb.lvccld.org/ic/uhic/ImagesDetailsPage/ImagesDetails

Window?total=49&limiter=AC+y&displayGroupName=Images&currPage=1&s

ortBy=relevance%2Cdescending&query=BS+apartheid&prodId=WHIC&actio

n=2&catId=&documentId=GALE%7CPC3448487182&userGroupName=lvccld_main&jsid=6e35aa1db03957680a58a5a73a92fc68

The image shows an example of what most colored Africans living areas were

at the time of the Apartheid. The photo includes what is similar to a

shantytown with dangerous living quarters that do not appear fully

supported. It is useful because it gives a representation on how the colored

Africans lived in poverty and unsafe conditions, while being separated from

the privileged Europeans. It is used in my assignment as a description of

everyday lives of colored Africans.

Tutu, Desmond. The Question of South Africa. Speech. Capetown. 23 Oct. 1984.Fordham University. Fordham University the Jesuit University of New York,

Aug.

Annotated Bibliography-Apartheid

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