Animal Kingdom

Animals

Domain: EukaryaKingdom: AnimaliaCharacteristics of the Kingdom Animalia:1) Acquire food via ingesting food then digesting the

contents (Heterotrophic)2) Capable of movement created by muscle tissues3) Multicellular 4) Adults are typically diploid5) Embryo undergoes specific developmental stages

8 PhylaPhylum Members

Porifera SpongesCnidaria Jelly fish, Sea anenome

Platyhelminthes FlatwormsNematoda Round wormsMollusca Snails, Slugs, OctopusAnnelida Earthworms

Echinodermata Starfish, Sea cucumbersArthropoda Spiders, Crabs, Insects

Chordata Sea squirts, Humans

Invertebrates versus Vertebrates

Endoskeleton: Bone and cartilage (human skeleton)

Exoskeleton: Armour on the outside (Crab shell)

Invertebrates versus Vertebrates

Endoskeleton: Bone and cartilage (human skeleton)Exoskeleton: Armour on the outside (Crab shell)Invertebrates: All phyla except chordata Have exoskeletons or no skeleton

at all.

Vertebrates: Only in the phylum chordata Have endoskeletons.

Levels of Organization

Three Possible Levels of Organization: 1) cellular organization 2) Tissue organization 3) Organ organization(Not all phyla have all three)

Germ LayersThree Possible Germ layers:1) Ectoderm (ecto = outside)2) Mesoderm (meso = middle)3) Endoderm (endo = inside)

Note:

• If all 3 germ layers are present = organ level of organization

jk

0

Type of Body PlanTwo Body Plans:1) Sac plan: Incomplete digestive System. One opening for food and waste

2) Tube within a tube plan: Complete

digestive system. Food and waste have their own openings in the body

Type of Symmetry

Two Types of Symmetry:Radial: Symmetrical along

the radius. If you cut the organism along its radius it will form identical parts.

Bilateral:

Type of Symmetry

Two Types of Symmetry:Radial: Symmetrical along

the radius. If you cut the organism along its radius it will form identical parts.

Bilateral: (Bi = in half) If you cut the organism down the middle they will create two symmetrical halves

Types of Symmetry

Asymmetrical: (A = not) Does not have symmetry along any axis

Segmentation

Segmentation: Repeating segments found along the length of the body.

Type of Body CavityCoelom: The part of the body

cavity that contains the organs

Three Types of Body Cavities

Type of Body CavityCoelom: The part of the body cavity

that contains the organs

Three Types of Body CavitiesAcoelomate: Organisms that have no

coelom

Pseudocoelomate: Part of the coelom is bordered by endoderm the rest borders mesoderm

Coelomate: The entire coelom is bordered by mesoderm