Angola - UNICEFAngola In 2012, UNICEF Angola contributed to policies and key interventions for...

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Angola CHILDREN IN ANGOLA Towards the Protection and Holistic Development of 2012 Annual Report Angola

Transcript of Angola - UNICEFAngola In 2012, UNICEF Angola contributed to policies and key interventions for...

Page 1: Angola - UNICEFAngola In 2012, UNICEF Angola contributed to policies and key interventions for children’s survival, development, protection and participation, in line with the 11

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Angola

CHILDREN

IN ANGOLA

Towards the

Protection

and Holistic

Development of

2012 Annual Report

Angola

Page 2: Angola - UNICEFAngola In 2012, UNICEF Angola contributed to policies and key interventions for children’s survival, development, protection and participation, in line with the 11

Angola

Towards the Protection and Holistic Development of

CHILDREN IN ANGOLA2012 Annual Report

CONTENTSExecutive Summary 5

1. Child Survival and Development 9

2. Equitable Access to Quality Education 17

3. Child Protection 21

4. Social Policy 25

5. Communication for Development, Child Participation,

Advocacy and Fundraising 29

6. Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation 33

Financial highlights 37

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Angola

In 2012, UNICEF Angola contributed to policies and key interventions for children’s survival, development, protection and participation, in line with the 11 Commitments to Children. The Law on the Protection and Holistic Development of Children (Lei sobre a Protecção e o Desenvolvimento Integral da Criança), drafted by the government with direct inputs from UNICEF, was approved in August 2012. This law fully integrates the 11 Commitments to Children, defines legislative principles and rules and clarifies the roles of duty bearers. This was a huge step forward towards child-friendly laws and respect of children’s rights; however, as challenge lies in its implementation and enforcement.

Angola made significant achievements towards global priorities and international commitments. Most notably, the country has been polio free for 18 months and counting. UNICEF’s strategic technical assistance, hands-on supervision, supply and logistics support, large-scale social mobilization and partner coordination contributed to this success. UNICEF also played a key advocacy role in advancing the HIV and AIDS agenda, particularly through the development of the strategic plan for the elimination of mother-to-child transmission (eMTCT), as well as the National Strategy for the Prevention of HIV among Young People; the integration of HIV in the Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses Strategy; the allocation of government funds towards HIV interventions; the identification of key risk behaviours and vulnerabilities related to HIV among urban youth in Angola; and the development of the National HIV Prevention Strategy of the Ministry of Youth and Sports. Additionally, the overall quality of HIV and AIDS national programming was strengthened through the inclusion of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) in design and implementation.

The quality of education was promoted, using the Child-Friendly Schooling (CFS) approach to drive planning, assessment and improvements in schooling in Angola. School construction standards for primary schools were developed, designed to ensure all new schools provide basic safety and quality learning environments for children. CFS trainings on school self-evaluation and improvement were launched in 15 of Angola’s 18 provinces. UNICEF also advocated actively for the government to focus on CFS and birth registration as national priorities.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

I am confident Angola is moving in the right direction to ensure the respect of the rights of ALL children. The Law on the Protection and Holistic Development of Children is a key step, as it enshrines the 11 Commitments for Children into law. Now, it will be critical to transform this political and legal commitment into improved access and quality of essential social services, commodities and information for all, and particularly the most vulnerable children.Koenraad Vanormelingen, Representative, UNICEF/Angola

2012 Annual Report

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1. VIth Forum for Children and

implementation of the Law on the

Protection and Holistic Development

of Children (Lei sobre a Protecção e o

Desenvolvimento Integral da Criança).

2. Scale up integrated response to

malnutrition and improve quality

of care, supply management, social

mobilization and data collection and

analysis.

3. Sustain interruption of polio

transmission and elimination of vertical

transmission of HIV.

4. Improve access to and quality of

primary education through child

friendly schooling and the improved

quality of second-chance education.

5. Support the design and roll out of the

universal birth registration strategy.

6. Support the development of a national

social assistance policy focused on the

most vulnerable.

7. Scaling up of the Child-friendly

Municipalities certification system.

8. Scale up Family Competencies

Programme.

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2

3

4

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One of major challenges in 2012 was the drought-induced nutrition crisis that affected 10 of 18 provinces, causing food insecurity for almost 2 million Angolans and placing around 500,000 children at risk of severe acute malnutrition. UNICEF, in coordination with partners, supported the crisis response, by providing lifesaving supplies, rapid capacity building and logistics as well as advocacy for more robust action. As a result, as of January 2013, 249 additional nutrition treatment centers were established and 2,016 volunteer Community Health Workers (CHW) were trained and screened close to 150,000 children. Around 17,600 children diagnosed with severe acute malnutrition were enrolled in either community-based treatment or nutrition treatment centres.

Favourable economic growth and government leadership have contributed significantly to progress for children and poverty reduction; however, more needs to be done. Overall, investment in the social sectors should be increased for more equitable access to quality essential services. With 54% of Angolans under 18 years old, the country has an opportunity to deliver a youth dividend if political will, backed by public resources, is harnessed for children and youth. The commitment to develop a social protection strategy is a step forward in the creation of effective mechanisms to reduce vulnerabilities.

As a result of sustained advocacy, the equity agenda is moving forward. Inclusive growth was included as a national priority for the newly elected government and it is enshrined in the new National Development Plan and the poverty reduction strategy. The government’s social agenda for the next five years highlights key priorities promoted by UNICEF Angola, such as early childhood development, quality primary education, birth registration, increased access to health as well as water and sanitation, youth participation and social protection, among other issues that aim to offer equal opportunities to all.

UNIVERSAL APPLICATION OF THE LAW (PRINCIPLE OF NON-DISCRIMINATION)

“The Law on the Protection and Holistic Development of Children is applicable to the child, regardless of colour, race, gender, ethnic origin, place of birth, religion, level of education, social status, parents’ marital status, physical and mental condition or any other objective or subjective issue regarding the child, his or her parents or legal representatives.” (Law on the Protection and Holistic Development of Children, Article 4, Paragraph 1)

THREE SECTORAL PROGRAMMES – CHILD SURVIVAL AND DEVELOPMENT; EQUITABLE ACCESS TO QUALITY EDUCATION; AND CHILD PROTECTION.

THREE CROSSCUTTING PROGRAMMES –

SOCIAL POLICY; COMMUNICATION;

AND PLANNING, MONITORING AND

EVALUATION.

THE UNICEF ANGOLA COUNTRY

PROGRAMME COMPRISES:

PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF HIV AND AIDS IS INTEGRATED INTO ALL SIX PROGRAMMES.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

PRIORITIES FOR 2013

Angola 2012 Annual Report

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Angola

CHILD SURVIVAL

AND DEVELOPMENT

UNICEF supported the Angolan government to implement the Campaign on Accelerated Reduction of Maternal Mortality in Africa (CARMMA) to ensure children and women benefit from increased access to health, nutrition and HIV and AIDS services, with particular focus on the most vulnerable. Furthermore, the programme supported the implementation of various global commitments in the country, like polio eradication and the elimination of vertical transmission of HIV, measles and neonatal tetanus.

In 2012, Angola celebrated more than one year without a case of polio thanks to several National Immunization Days (NIDs) of good quality, supported by UNICEF and WHO and with the strong involvement of civil society. UNICEF mainly supported the procurement of vaccines, as well as social mobilization and communication through capacity building and partnerships with churches and other actors. However, these achievements need to be sustained by improving routine immunization. While the RED (Reaching Every District) Strategy contributed to the reduction of unimmunized children by more than 58,000, more progress needs to be made, as 110,000 children are still not immunized. However, in 2011, 80% of non-immunized children were concentrated in 68 districts; it was only 25 districts in 2012.

In order to prevent malaria, a key killer of Angolan children, UNICEF supported the government to purchase, distribute and promote the use of more than 300,000 long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets to pregnant women and children under five in six provinces. Almost 1,500 health professionals were trained in malaria and other childhood disease case management. UNICEF also assisted the Ministry of Health to conduct over 125 integrated support field supervision visits, which contributed to improved quality of maternal, neonatal and child health care.

Advocacy by UNICEF, in collaboration with the Office of the UN Resident Coordinator, WHO and FAO, contributed to awareness of the problem and scaling-up of the response to the drought-induced nutrition crisis. Critical lifesaving supplies were procured through UNICEF with CERF funding. The response was scaled up by supporting the Ministry of Health to duplicate the number of nutrition treatment centres to 48 and open 249 outpatient treatment centres. Furthermore, in partnership with several NGOs, more than 2,000 community volunteers were trained to screen and manage acute malnutrition at community level. As a result, as of January 2013, 145,000 children were screened and 4,269 children were treated for severe acute malnutrition, and almost 13,097 were treated for moderate malnutrition at community level.

Advocacy, strategic guidance and technical support conducted by UNICEF, UNAIDS, WHO, UNFPA, PEPFAR and civil society organizations contributed to an increase in access to quality prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) services through task shifting and a revised training strategy. Currently, 40 new PMTCT sites, run by nurses, are now operational. However, utilization of these services dipped slightly during the reporting period, as only 38% of pregnant women were tested for HIV. People Living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) were included as trainers and service providers as part of national efforts to expand access. Government financial allocation improved as municipal health plans include provisions for HIV prevention, treatment and care. This enabled

The programme focuses on the development of policies and the strengthening of primary health care services, so that every child will have access to lifesaving interventions, commodities and information in health, nutrition, water and sanitation, as well as HIV and AIDS.

2012 Annual Report

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PRIORITIES FOR 2013In 2013, a robust comprehensive response to the nutrition crisis will remain one of top priorities for the Country Office. UNICEF will continue to advocate for government leadership and additional resources in close coordination with WHO, FAO, USAID, the EU and civil society, to sustain efforts and scale up the response nationwide. The response to malnutrition will be linked to efforts to improve resilience through poverty reduction and social protection.

UNICEF, in collaboration with WHO and partners, will continue to support the government to keep Angola polio free and link those efforts to the improvement of routine immunization (and the introduction of new vaccines) as well as the provision of an essential package of lifesaving interventions, including through community-based management.

Government leadership and funding, rational use of scarce human resources to achieve appropriate balance between campaign service delivery and routine immunization, strong community social mobilization, partner coordination and collaboration, close supervision and independent monitoring all contributed to the achievement of immunization targets.Titus Angi, Immunization Specialist, UNICEF Angola

“ “

CHILD SURVIVAL AND DEVELOPMENT

the integration of HIV and AIDS into 23 new health districts through the national health sector revitalization programme. This model is being replicated by other development partners, expanding access to an essential package of services and supplies, as well as antenatal and PMTCT services at facility and community levels.

The impact of the Community-led Total Sanitation (CLTS) initiative, implemented by the Ministry of Environment, in collaboration with UNICEF, international NGOs and community-based organizations, is being consolidated with an additional 13 communities certified Open Defecation Free (ODF). More than 300,000 people were sensitized on CLTS and more than 33,000 latrines were constructed. UNICEF also continues to support the government to promote community management of water points to ensure sustainable access to safe water. An additional 80,000 families and, 20,000 school children gained access to safe drinking water in the 16 demonstration municipalities supported by UNICEF. Approximately 130 water points in communities, health centres and schools were constructed or rehabilitated, improving access for approximately 350,000 people. Finally, 50,000 families improved hygiene practices as a result of communication interventions.

2012 Annual ReportAngola

HIV / AIDS“Services and actions in favour of children related to HIV/AIDS should be made available to

every community by the ministerial department responsible for health or other responsible body, to ensure the survival, health and development of children in Angola, from the earliest years of life.” (Law

on the Protection and Holistic Development of

Children, Article 75, Paragraph 1)

NUTRITION“Services and actions in favour of children in the area of nutrition should be made

available in every community by ministerial departments responsible for food security, social welfare and health, to ensure the survival, health and development of children in Angola, from the earliest years of life.” (Law on

the Protection and Holistic Development of

Children, Article 72, Paragraph 1)

BREASTFEEDING“The state and private and public institutions shall provide suitable conditions for breastfeeding,

including to children whose mothers have been subjected to a deprivation of liberty.” (Law on the Protection and Holistic Development

of Children, Article 18, Paragraph 1)

PROTECTION OF LIFE AND HEALTH“The child has the right to the protection of life and health

through the means available to the family and the state, particularly public social policies and the creation of conditions for his or her birth and healthy and harmonious development.” (Law on

the Protection and Holistic Development of

Children, Article 14, Paragraph 1)

PREVENTION OF ILLNESS““The state shall regularly promote immunization campaigns for children against

the major diseases preventable by vaccination.” (Law on the Protection and

Holistic Development of Children, Article 20,

Paragraph 2)

WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE“Services and actions on behalf of children in the areas of water,

sanitation and hygiene should be made available in every community by the ministerial department responsible for energy, water and the environment, to ensure the survival, health and development of children in Angola, from the earliest years of life.” (Law on the Protection and Holistic

Development of Children, Article 71, Paragraph 1)Making progress in the elimination of vertical transmission of HIV will remain of high priority, with concerted efforts to assist Angola to improve the supply chain for essential HIV commodities, decentralize early infant diagnosis, increase coordination and roll out task shifting to nurses and PLWHA to expand service delivery, as well as scaling up community-based interventions.

UNICEF will also continue to support local authorities to expand access to safe drinking water in the most vulnerable communities, schools and health centres, as well as exploring public–private partnership as a mechanism to facilitate the sustainability of sanitation projects.

EXCERPTS OF THE LAW ON THE PROTECTION AND HOLISTIC DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN

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UNPRECEDENTED INCREASE OF INPATIENT FACILITY CENTRES AND OUTPATIENT THERAPEUTIC FEEDING PROGRAMME

Between June 2012 and January 2013, 7,786 children were treated in Outpatient Therapeutic Feeding Programme (OTP) and 5,612 in Inpatient Facility Centres (IFC). The number of children enrolled in OTPs steadily increased month after month and continues to increase as a result of the expansion of the programme in health services. As of January 2013, 48 IPFs and 254 OTPs were fully functional in 10 provinces.

Chronic and acute malnutrition significantly impairs the brain and cognitive development of young children, and is the single greatest contributor to child mortality. The EU is keen to support the government of Angola and communities affected by the 2012 drought in improving food security and substantially reducing child malnutrition in the country. Javiel Puyol, EU Ambassador in Angola

“ “

Cumulative number of children treated for severe acute malnutrition, by level, in 2012-2013

FACTS AND FIGURES n 2,016 Community Health Workers trained

n 145,000 children screened in Bié, Huambo, Kwanza Sul and Zaire

n 17,366 children treated within the communities

n 13,398 children treated in inpatient facilities and outpatient therapeutic centres

n 24 new inpatient facility centres operational, for a total of 48

n 249 new outpatient therapeutic programme operational, for a total of 254

We aimed at ensuring an immediate and effective response in the most vulnerable areas. But it is also vital to introduce mechanisms, tools and initiatives that set the ground for the longer-term resilience of families, so as to protect children against malnutrition.Dr. Adelaide Carvalho, National Director of Public Health, Ministry of Health

“ “NEARLY 150,000 CHILDREN SCREENED AND MORE THAN 17,000 TREATED FOR MALNUTRITION AT COMMUNITY LEVEL

The 2011–2012 agricultural season was marked by a severe drought in 10 of 18 provinces in Angola, resulting in a sharp decrease in crop production and food insecurity for almost 2 million Angolans. As a result, approximately 500,000 children under five years of age were at risk of acute malnutrition. The government of Angola led the response to this crisis, in collaboration with UN agencies and development partners, screening and treating children, women and other vulnerable groups affected by malnutrition.

As part of the response, more than 2,000 volunteer Community Health Workers (CHWs) were trained and screened almost 150,000 children. Additional to this community-based effort, the Ministry of Health scaled up by a factor of 10 the number of health centres and hospitals providing treatment of complicated cases of severe acute malnutrition. As a result, as of end January 2013, more than 17,000 children were treated for acute malnutrition.

2012 Annual ReportAngola

NUTRITION CRISIS RESPONSETogether against Malnutrition

A unique integrated response generated the expansion of therapeutic treatment centres, and the success of the community response in the four most-at-risk provinces (Bié, Huambo, Kwanza Sul and Zaire). We are now supporting the government in scaling up the same response in other affected provinces. Maria do Valle Ribeiro, UN Resident Coordinator, on behalf of the UN in Angola

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“CHILD SURVIVAL AND DEVELOPMENT

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Angola

CHILD SURVIVAL AND DEVELOPMENT

2012 Annual ReportAngola

“ “Community-based treatment is significantly reducing suffering and the number of deaths among young children. By the end of the programme, half a million children will be screened, saving more lives and giving children and families hope for a better future.John Yale, World Vision National Director in Angola

The story of Marília

COMMUNITY-BASED MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE MALNUTRITION: TRAINING AND ADVOCACY

Volunteer Community Health Workers (CHW) were trained by the Ministry of Health in partnership with UNICEF, World Vision, People In Need and Africare, in community-based management of acute malnutrition in the four provinces most affected by the drought (Bié, Kwanza Sul, Huambo and Zaire). As part of their weekly assignments, CHWs facilitate the management of cases through distribution of ready-to-use therapeutic food to children with severe acute malnutrition and of supplementary food packets to children with moderate acute malnutrition. Provincial and municipal health departments and NGOs coordinate closely training, supervision and supply of CHWs.

As part of their responsibilities, CHWs screen children under five, initiate community-based management of acute malnutrition and refer cases with medical complications to the nearest IFC. They also advise mothers and care providers on key health and nutrition caring practices to help prevent malnutrition.

Support from community and traditional leaders and local churches is key to the success of the programme because it gives legitimacy to the work of CHWs and facilitates access to families. So far, 81 Sobas (traditional leaders) and 144 church representatives have been informed about programme implementation; they have also committed to strongly supporting the network of CHWs. In collaboration with provincial and municipal authorities, follow-up meetings will be organized every two to three months to track progress and make adjustments as required.

LOOKING FORWARD The Launch of Rapid SMS

An innovative Rapid SMS-based

monitoring system will be

introduced in order to facilitate

the collection and evaluation of

screening and treatment data.

Trained nursing staff, IPF staff

and CHW supervisors will use

mobile phones to send requested

information via a toll-free number

to a central server managed by the

Ministry of Health.

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Caala, Angola, February 2013

One-year-old Marília was hospitalized at the end of December in Caala IPF in Huambo province, where

43% of children screened over the past two months have either severe or moderate acute malnutrition.

When her mother, Eunice, brought Marília to the hospital 10 km from home, her condition was critical.

Suffering from severe acute malnutrition, mostly caused by inappropriate feeding practices and a poor

diet worsened by the drought, Marilia was refusing any kind of food, including breast milk, and had

telltale swollen hands and legs. If left untreated, Marília might have died.

Eunice initially thought it was not necessary to seek treatment for Marília at the hospital. Indeed, as

with many other mothers in her community, Eunice had consulted the only health worker in her village,

whose prescription of diuretics did not work. “Actually I had no idea of what was happening to my baby, I

just trusted the doctor [the health worker], as everybody does in my community” says Eunice. “But when

I saw that day by day Marília was getting worse, I said to myself, we have to go somewhere else.”

After the diagnosis, Marília started a treatment in the IPF with therapeutic milk and standard treatment

medicines, which produced impressive results in less than a week. The swelling went down and Marília

started accepting breast milk and therapeutic food. Eunice, extremely worried just a few days before,

was happy to see her daughter responding to treatment, getting better and more active each day.

UNICEF supports the Angolan government to expand these services in the outreach area through trained

CHWs for the management of acute malnutrition at an early stage.

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EQUITABLE ACCESS TO

QUALITY EDUCATION

In 2012, UNICEF continued to work in partnership with the government at national, provincial and municipal levels to expand access and quality of education for all children in Angola.

Recognizing that the foundations for success in school and life are established during the first years of life, UNICEF supported the drafting of a National Early Childhood Development Policy. This served as a foundation for the 2012 development of the Law on the Protection and Holistic Development of Children, which retains a strong focus on early childhood.

The Child-Friendly Schooling (CFS) approach is implemented at national, provincial and school levels, supporting holistic improvements to school quality. In 2012, 98 schools from 15 provinces participated in CFS training. They then developed school committees of directors, teachers, parents and children to define priority actions for quality improvement. UNICEF also supported the development of school construction standards for primary schools to ensure all new schools provide basic safety and quality learning environments for children. Together, these efforts align with the national Education Reform, and aim to help every school take steps toward becoming more child friendly.

UNICEF continued to promote improved and equitable access to education, through support to the Accelerated Learning Programme (ALP). ALP provides youth who have missed out on primary education with a “second chance” at completing primary education in a reduced period of time. UNICEF supports quality enhancements to ALP, showing improved skills and knowledge for both boys and girls, ensuring that youth and adolescents truly have a second chance at schooling. In 2012, UNICEF expanded this support to Moxico province, where orientation and training of teacher trainers were completed, ready to support a higher-quality ALP in 2013.

The programme works to improve access to quality basic education for all children in Angola by improving school quality according to child-friendly schooling principles; defining strategies to reach and integrate children who are out of school; improving knowledge and services to support early learning and school readiness; and developing HIV prevention and life skills education strategies relevant to children and young people.

2012 Annual Report

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PRIORITIES FOR 2013The key priority of the education programme will be to accelerate child friendly schooling and improve the quality of “second-chance” education, in order to advance access to and quality of education for all children in Angola.

With Child Friendly Schooling principles guiding our work, we promote children’s right to a quality education, not only by expanding access to school, but also by working to make schools safe and welcoming environments that offer a relevant, high-quality education and promote learning for all.Sandra Fernandez, Education Officer, UNICEF Angola

“ “

UNICEF also lent crucial support to HIV prevention. An assessment of high-risk behaviours and vulnerabilities of adolescents and youth was launched in 2012, and will be followed by targeted HIV prevention efforts to slow the spread of HIV, particularly among the most vulnerable children and youth. UNICEF also supported the Ministry of Youth and Sports to develop its sectoral HIV prevention strategy, and the Ministry of Education in initiating a similar strategy development process, to be completed in 2013. These strategies will ensure national-level political support to the critical efforts at community level to support HIV prevention among youth.

EQUITABLE ACCESS TO QUALITY EDUCATIONAngola 2012 Annual Report

Since 12-year-old Veronica Jamba started school, she has witnessed her education experience improve dramatically. “When I was in Grade 1, we were studying outside under a tree with a lot of wind and rain. From Grade 2 until last year, I was studying in classrooms of corrugated metal, which were a bit better, but I love my new school.” She attends Santo António School in Kuito, the capital of Bié province, in the central area of Angola. Until recently, over 4,500 pupils at the school only had classrooms made of mud brick or corrugated metal, but now it has six new classrooms and a new bathroom block made of cement, built with support from UNICEF. However it is not just the new classrooms and water and sanitation facilities that are making a difference for Veronica and the other pupils, but also the fact that Santo António is working to improve the quality of its education in a holistic manner.

This CFS initiative is led by the Ministry of Education, with support from UNICEF, and is being scaled up throughout the country. The initiative is based on essential principles designed to improve every aspect of the schooling experience. These include schools supporting: access for all children without discrimination or other barriers; quality teaching and learning with trained teachers and available learning materials; commitments to safety and protection from harm and violence; gender-sensitive practices and environments; access to water and gender-sensitive latrines; community participation; a relevant curriculum that promotes the life skills children and youth need today; and “second chance” education for youth and adults in the community who missed out on primary school.

The initiative motivates staff and encourages communities to participate. They can identify ways in which they can make their schools better. Following an initial training on CFS principles, Esperança Vita, Director of Santo António, says she launched an immediate campaign to promote a healthy and hygienic environment. While CFS guides government planning on providing important support to schools, such as in teacher training, it also inspires the school community to identify actions they can do themselves to make their school more child friendly.

Child Friendly Schools

RIGHT TO EDUCATION“The state shall create conditions so that the child has access to quality education to enable him or her to prepare for adult life and inclusion in the labour market.”

(Law on the Protection and Holistic Development of

Children, Article 11, Paragraph 1)

RIGHT TO EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION“Given the importance of early childhood development, free and

compulsory access to early childhood education should be ensured by the state from the early days of the child’s life.” (Law on the

Protection and Holistic Development of Children,

Article 63, Paragraph 1)

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Angola

CHILD PROTECTION

In 2012, a participatory reflection on how to improve child protection systems in Angola was conducted by the government and its partners with UNICEF support. A special focus was placed on legislation, services and social norms, marking a shift to coherent systems programming. The Law on the Protection and Holistic Development of Children broke ground for the establishment of an enabling legislative environment. Joint assessments and mapping with the government underscored the need to strengthen access and quality of services and highlighted opportunities for linking formal and informal actors for enhanced protection. Of note, the National Institute for Children led the mapping of child protection stakeholders in Luanda, Kwanza Norte and Kwanza Sul. Moreover, the government partnered with the private sector and civil society to begin preparations for establishing a Child Helpline that will increase access to protection services.

The drafting of minimum standards for residential care and discussions with the Ministry of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation on defining sectoral policy and responsibilities for children in conflict with the law are key steps in advancing a more comprehensive approach in the country. Technical assistance for a distance certificate programme for psychosocial support and collaboration with academic institutions to incorporate child rights into family law issues enhance knowledge development within the country. The certificate course for social workers on psychosocial support for vulnerable children will also be rolled out in 2013 in partnership with an academic institution.

Separated children and those in conflict with the law are considered to be highly vulnerable and at risk of further exploitation and violence. UNICEF provided support to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of services and interventions of key national stakeholders for these groups of vulnerable children. Technical and financial support was provided to the Ministries of Social Welfare, Justice and Interior and a model programme on non-custodial measures for the integration of children in conflict with the law was implemented successfully.

In addition, preliminary findings from a study on social norms and practices with respect to early pregnancy, supported by UNICEF, will add to the knowledge base and inform a broader study of social norms that will be required to support improved child protection interventions.

The programme supports the development and strengthening of policies, systems, partnerships and knowledge to improve access to birth registration and ensure care and protection of orphans and vulnerable children, as well as children in conflict with the law, victims of violence and those living with HIV and AIDS.

2012 Annual Report

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As a result of UNICEF advocacy, the government conducted innovative birth registration catch-up campaigns in 2012, registering approximately 200,000 children. Enhanced cross-sectoral coordination within the government has paved the way for the establishment of non-traditional birth registration, the first of which will be opened at the Luanda Central Maternity . UNICEF has successfully employed strategic communication under the Family Competencies intervention for key messaging on the importance of birth registration. Angola’s participation in the initiative for Civil Registration/Vital Statistics (CR/VS) for Africa has led to inter-ministerial cooperation and the use of the CR/VS data collection tools in six provinces. The government is putting final the touches to the decree that will enable free universal birth registration and expand the number of service centres.

Successful strategic advocacy resulted in birth registration being a government priority, included in Angola’s new five-year National Development Plan. Lídia Borba, Child Protection Officer, UNICEF Angola

“ “

CHILD PROTECTION

2012 Annual ReportAngola

PRIORITIES FOR 2013UNICEF will build on political will and donor funding to support implementation of the Law on the Protection and Holistic Development of Children, drive forward birth registration and justice for children interventions and ensure the setting-up of the National Child Helpline System to assist children victims of violence.

Other key priorities are analysis and utilization of child protection data in national information systems; support for inter-ministerial coordination and partnerships with civil society organizations and the private sector to increase access to and quality of child protection services; and the promotion of the adoption and implementation of minimum standards of care and protection.

PROHIBITED CONDUCT“A child should not be treated with negligence, discrimination, violence or cruelty, nor be subject

to any form of exploitation or oppression, being punished by law all behaviours that represent a violation of these prohibitions.” (Law on the Protection and

Holistic Development of Children, Article 7)

RIGHT TO A FAMILY AND NAME“The child has the right to an identity and a name and to use

the surnames of his or her parents.” (Law

on the Protection and Holistic Development of

Children, Article 21, Paragraph 2)

LEGAL PROTECTION“The state shall ensure the legal protection of children in conflict with the law, the defence of their

rights and interests and legal protection under the law; taking into consideration that at all stages of investigation of an offense involving children must first consider alternative corrective measures, leaving the deprivation of liberty as a measure of last resort.” (Law on the

Protection and Holistic Development of

Children, Article 46, Paragraph 1)

In order to provide models that can be replicated and scaled up nationally, the Country Office supported pilot projects to address critical gaps in social protection services. Accordingly, UNICEF partnered with the Italian NGO VIS and local stakeholders to support 50 vulnerable families with 122 children in Moxico province. Beneficiaries included war returnees and PLWHA, as well as those living below the poverty line. The programme enabled the families to improve their livelihoods through income-generating activities and take better care of their children. In a second demonstration initiative for child-friendly justice services, 20 private and public institutions partnered with the Children’s Court in Huila to provide alternative non-custodial measures for children in conflict with the law. Of the 33 children who benefited from this initiative, 32 were subsequently enrolled in school and 12 received their birth certificates.

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SOCIAL POLICY

In the course of 2012, UNICEF and the World Bank supported the Ministry of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation to lay the foundations for the expansion of social protection interventions in support of the most vulnerable. To this end, a review of the national social protection legal framework and a multi-country comparative analysis of the best examples of social protection legislations and programmes were conducted as inputs to inform the policy development dialogue.

An additional contribution to the national dialogue on the development of the social protection policy is an Angolan children vulnerability and poverty analysis, initiated in 2012 and to be completed in 2013. The results of this analysis have been used in the Angola consultations on the post-2015 development agenda.

The programme supports the government to meet its national and international commitments, and to develop improved data collection, budgets and policies, particularly to ensure the rights of the most vulnerable.

2012 Annual Report

PRIORITIES FOR 2013UNICEF, in partnership with the World Bank and the IMF, will continue to support the development of a new national social protection policy and legal framework. In doing so, UNICEF will advocate to ensure that social transfer schemes are expanded and sharpened to better reach the most vulnerable families and their children. The vulnerability and poverty analysis will be completed to strengthen advocacy and inform the development of the new social protection policy, as well as the national post-2015 consultation and agenda.

PRINCIPLE OF EQUITY FROM THE LAW ON THE PROTECTION AND HOLISTIC DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN“The principle of equity means adopting all measures necessary to reduce the differences and asymmetries assessing necessary support, especially during early childhood. The vision is that each child achieves his/her full potential for development without discrimination.” (Law on the Protection and Holistic Development of Children, Article 66)

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SOCIAL POLICY

Angola 2012 Annual Report

Constructing Resilience is a multi-level project that aims to fight poverty on multiple fronts – HIV and AIDS, illiteracy, unemployment and social exclusion – with multiple tactics. This pilot project was implemented by the Italian NGO VIS, in collaboration with the Diocese of Luena and with the support of the Ministry of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation and UNICEF. Based on income, housing, food and health criteria, the project team selected a community of 50 vulnerable families in the neighborhood of Sacassanje, Luena, capital of Moxico, as beneficiaries. As resilience and sustainability are two sides of the same coin, the project’s ultimate goal was to empower these families, and enable them to benefit not only from the

physical harvest but also from a mentality shift in the longer term. Participatory strategies were used to teach the community not only about sharing, caring and property responsibilities, but also about rights and duties. “This project illustrates how problems can be turned into opportunities” says Federico Coan, the main coordinator of the project. “The classes of the start-up kits were run successfully, the first seedlings can be planted on the field and we are improving field infrastructure every week. The main challenge now is to foster the new sense of ownership we have awakened, so that once the project team leaves these men and women will look further than only tomorrow and keep on benefiting from the project”.

The Power of ManyWorking in coordination with other partners, UNICEF focused on social protection and pro-poor budgeting aiming to ensure that the poorest and most vulnerable families and children have better access to basic services and improved livelihoods.Jorge Trula, Social Protection Officer, UNICEF Angola

“ “Poverty in Angola has decreased since the end of the civil war. Evidence shows that better targeting of public policies and programmes towards the poorest and most vulnerable part people of the population would allow Angola to accelerate the decrease of monetary and non-monetary poverty, while also achieving a greater redistribution of wealth.

The analysis of poverty based on deprivation of basic needs (i.e. health, education,

dwelling, water, done by UNICEF and MINARS) shows that the urban/rural divide is even deeper than demonstrated by the assessment of monetary poverty. This finding suggests that targeting poor rural areas is critical to decrease non-monetary as well as monetary poverty.

The analysis also showed that a far higher proportion of the population is experiencing deprivation-based poverty than monetary poverty. These findings stress the importance of Angola continuing and possibly increasing its focus on basic social services to match the country’s economic development with social development.

The analysis also showed that children are more affected by non-monetary poverty than adults. Childhood poverty is distinctive in that some of its effects are felt throughout the child’s life, passing on into adulthood. The inter-generational and cyclical nature of childhood poverty therefore also needs to be recognized and addressed.

DIMENSIONS OF VULNERABILITY

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AngolaAngola

COMMUNICATION

FOR DEVELOPMENT,

CHILD PARTICIPATION,

ADVOCACY AND

FUNDRAISING

UNICEF is combining advocacy and media outreach to draw the attention of decision makers to the situation of the most vulnerable children. Through the dissemination of the 11 Commitments to Children, and evidence from formal evaluations and assessments, the Country Office contributed to knowledge transfer in key areas that affect children.

In the context of the national post-2015 consultations, UNICEF supported child participation, ensuring child aspirations and dreams are reflected in the national vision beyond 2015. In partnership with the government, national and international organizations such as Twana Twangola, Scouts, Search for Common Ground and Children’s Voice, UNICEF is supporting children and youth in the drafting of a national child participation strategy.

The Family Competencies programme, “A receita da felicidade” (“recipe for happiness”), remains the key cross-sectoral strategy for communication for development for promoting essential practices at the household level and to create demand for basic social services for children. The strategic alliance between the Ministries of Family, Health and Social Welfare and Rehabilitation, the National Institute for Children, Pastoral da Criança, UNICEF, 10 churches and 4 NGOs has been consolidated, and contributed to reaching the most vulnerable families through a cascade process. The sustainability of the programme has been strengthened through increased autonomous activities by the churches and regular coordination by the Family Competencies Working Group. Furthermore, the scaling-up of the programme has provided a mechanism for increased knowledge of the importance of birth registration, vaccination, disease prevention and demand for child services. In 2012, 670 municipal facilitators and 3,522 social mobilizers were trained, reaching around 9,575 homes through direct visits and approximately 33,864 people through meetings.

Polio eradication efforts were piggybacked on the Family Competencies programme in the border provinces. This enabled social mobilization for polio vaccination to be integrated into a more sustainable process. Based on assessments on reasons for non-vaccination and missed children, the Polio Communication Strategy was reviewed and supported the implementation of Supplementary Immunization Activities and the strengthening of routine vaccination.

Additionally, the programme supported the adaptation of peer education for HIV and AIDS prevention, based on qualitative research on risk behaviours among young people. A strategy to promote healthy water and sanitation practices was developed on the basis of qualitative research results on water treatment with bleach in order to prevent diseases like polio, diarrhoea and cholera.

The programme promotes access to essential information to strengthen family practices for the survival, development and protection of children, involving children as actors and promoting partnerships and resources for children.

2012 Annual Report

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PRIORITIES FOR 2013In 2013, the programme will assess the Family Competencies initiative and use the results for leveraging national resources. The polio exit strategy will be supported by implementing the social mobilization component; child participation will continue to be strengthened; and specific communication strategies will be developed for the introduction of new vaccines, birth registration, malaria prevention and control and HIV and AIDS prevention.

Engaging key officials and leaders to enhance political will and funding for the implementation of the Law on the Protection and Holistic Development of Children is of critical importance going forward. Advocacy to ensure child participation at the VIth Forum for Children is critical. It will also be important for UNICEF to facilitate validation of children and young people’s recommendations and their inclusion in the national consultation on the post-2015 agenda.

The active involvement of government institutions and civil society organizations, such as religious groups and the media, is critical to boost a self-sustained process of effective behavior change in Angolan families.Angelo Ghelardi, Family Competencies Project Consultant, UNICEF Angola

“ “

COMMUNICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT,

CHILD PARTICIPATION, ADVOCACY AND FUNDRAISING

Angola 2012 Annual Report

Critical issues and interventions for Angola’s most vulnerable children were documented for strategic advocacy and fundraising. Findings of the assessment of the nutrition crisis have been widely shared through regular Situation Reports. A documentary on the joint response from the government, UN and NGOs is underway. The success of the interruption of the wild polio virus has been captured in a short film, and a video essay on education initiatives has been released. Utilization of social media to highlight interventions supporting the 11 Commitments to Children in Angola enhanced global visibility of achievements and results.

Veronica, 50 years old, lives in Peixeira community, a small informal settlement in Lobito suburbs, in Benguela province. Since 1998, she has been working as a volunteer in Pastoral da Criança, a faith-based organization of the Catholic Church, focused on maternal and child health. Veronica is one of the 50 volunteers trained in her community who follow approximately 200 vulnerable families. Pastoral da Criança is one of the members of the Family Competencies Committee, coordinated by the Ministry of Family and Women’s Promotion, comprising key churches, NGOs and UNICEF. The Committee aims at training volunteers to sensitize families to adopt the 12 behaviours that can help reduce under-five mortality and guarantee better child growth.

Partnership between churches, government and UNICEF empower communities and improve children’s health

Twelve key behaviours promoted by the Family Competencies programme1. Immediate and exclusive

breastfeeding2. Treatment with oral rehydration

serum homemade water3. Hand washing with soap

and water4. Home treatment of water5. Defecation in a safe place6. Use of insecticide-treated

mosquito nets

7. Early stimulation

8. Care and positive education

9. Pregnancy and prenatal care

10. Delivery in a health facility

11. Birth registration

12. Routine immunization of children

DUTY TO PARTICIPATE“In accordance with his/her age and maturity, the child has the duty to participate in family and

community life, in the development of the country and in the preservation of the environment, placing his/her physical and intellectual abilities at the service of the nation.” (Law on the

Protection and Holistic Development of

Children, Article 35)

The financial crisis, as well as donors’ perceptions of Angola as an oil-producing middle-income country, has continued to affect mobilization of resources for Angolan children. In this context, UNICEF increased its fundraising and visibility efforts with bilateral donors, National Committees and the private sector and managed to stabilize the decrease in funding. Additional to this, UNICEF, going beyond fundraising, advocated for value-added partnerships with traditional donors with shared messages and goals, and with the private sector to improve corporate social responsibility. The Country Office continued to leverage government funds as the first funding source for children.

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PLANNING, MONITORING

AND EVALUATION

UNICEF continued to support the National Council for Children (CNAC) and selected provinces and municipalities to plan, implement and monitor equity and the impact of child-related programmes, in line with the 11 Commitments to Children. The Child-friendly Municipalities initiative has continued to progress, as planning and monitoring tools have been finalized and representatives of the 18 ministries and civil society organizations members of CNAC were trained in their use.

Two major assessments were completed. The Common Assessment of Essential Commodities led to increased understanding of the bottlenecks in the procurement, distribution and availability of 14 key products for the prevention and treatment of major child killers. The findings have been used to improve the supply chain for essential commodities in response to the ongoing nutritional crisis. Second, the effectiveness of CHWs and Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) was assessed. Findings from these studies are being used to review national policy and will complement the government’s efforts to improve access to and quality of primary health care.

The programme strengthens national capacity to monitor the situation of children, in the context of Child-friendly Municipalities, produce sound research and document experiences.

2012 Annual Report

PRIORITIES FOR 2013UNICEF will support the VIth Forum for Children, which will specifically look at developing strategies to implement the Law on the Protection and Holistic Development of Children, and further advance the implementation of the Child-friendly Municipalities initiative.

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As government services become increasingly decentralized, municipal authorities will become the main actors in ensuring that children’s rights are protected and contemplated in local programmes and plans. By becoming child friendly, municipalities will guarantee they have healthy, educated and productive citizens in future, capable of making Angola a better place to live. Kiara Neto, Planning Officer, UNICEF Angola

“ “

PLANNING, MONITORING AND EVALUATION

The Child-friendly Municipalities concept is an

ideal instrument to make the 11 Commitments

to Children happen at provincial, municipal and

community levels in Angola. The 11 Commitments

correspond with the key interventions for

achieving the MDGs, the Millennium Declaration

and CRC. They cover the full range of child

rights, including generating, prioritizing and

allocating public resources to children. Currently,

the government of Angola is firmly in charge

of this process, with UNICEF support at every

stage, including the development of the System

of Indicators for Children in Angola to measure

achievement of the 11 Commitments. Child-

friendly Municipalities will contribute to overall

efforts to strengthen the enabling environment,

seizing the window of opportunity opened by

the enactment of the Law on the Protection and

Holistic Development of Children.

Child-friendly Municipalities

COMPETENCE TO EVALUATE“It is the responsibility of CNAC as coordinating

body, to assess the degree of fulfillment of each objective of the Law on the Protection and Integral Development of the Child. This includes related programmes, to analyze and report on the indicators related to the realization of the commitments by the state and the society on behalf of children, especially those in early childhood.” (Law on the Protection and Integral

Development of the Child, Article 86)

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2012 Annual Report

EXPENSES BY PROGRAMME, 2012(US$ 22.8 MILLIONS)

ACCELERATED CHILD SURVIVAL & DEVELOPMENT

POLIO ERADICATION

EDUCATION

SOCIAL POLICY

CHILD PROTECTION

PLANNING, MONITORING AND EVALUATION

COMMUNICATION

CROSS SECTORAL & OPERATIONAL COSTS

Given the strong economic growth, the increasing income from oil and improved government financing, many bilateral donors have withdrawn or are withdrawing from Angola. However, there is still a huge need for funding to support organizations like UNICEF that aim to help the government establish sustainable development systems to address equity-related challenges.Gwénaëlle Lansaman, Resource Mobilization Specialist, UNICEF Angola

“ “The total programme expenditure of UNICEF Angola in 2012 was US$ 22.8 million, decreasing by 24% compared with 2011, mainly because of the continued exit from the procurement of supplies and construction and an increased focus on value-added cooperation (advocacy, policymaking, capacity building, partnerships and social mobilization and leveraging).

The Accelerated Child Survival and Development and Polio Eradication programmes are still the most important but now correspond to less than half of total expenditure (47.9%), given the decrease in supplies procurement and the progressive handover of operational costs of revitalization to the government.

Other programmes have kept up their share of the expenditure, with the exception of the Education programme, which corresponded to 20% of total expenditure, compared with 5% in 2011, mainly because the exit strategy in school construction is still to be completed. The decrease in cross-sectoral costs from US$ 3.5 to 1.7 million has been achieved thanks to increased efficiency and cost savings.

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

37

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Angola

CREDITS© UNICEF Angola

Coordination: Koenraad Vanormelingen

and Yolanda Nunes Correia

Copy-editing, Layout, Design & Printing:

Julie Pudlowski Consulting

Photography: UNICEF Angola

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

FUNDING SOURCES OF EXPENDITURES, 2012(US$ 22.8 MILLIONS)

Of total expenditures, almost US$ 7 million was financed using UNICEF’s own resources. This amount is similar to last year’s, but, because total expenditure decreased, the proportion of expenditures financed using own resources increased from 26% to 30%. While the main source of supplementary funds is still bilateral donors (US, Japan, the EU), their contribution continued to decrease in 2012, mainly because of the exit from procurement and construction, but the Country Office is advocating for a shift to more value-added cooperation. Funding from National Committees remained stable and now represents 13.8% of total funding sources of expenditures. Private sector funding represented only 5% of the total, but it has been growing consistently and the Country Office has been working on building long-term, strategic partnerships, encompassing not only funding through UNICEF but also leveraging funds for children nationwide. In 2012, Angola received over US$ 2.5 million in emergency funds to support the nutrition intervention.

UNICEF has responded to the challenge of decreased funding with a strategic shift towards more value-added cooperation, increased leverage of government resources, a decrease in the procurement of supplies and investments in infrastructure and significant cost-saving measures, both in staffing and in operational costs.

UNICEF REGULAR RESOURCESUNICEF THEMATIC FUNDUNICEF NATIONAL COMMITTEESUSJAPANBILL & MELINDA GATES FOUNDATIONEUROPEAN COMMISSIONCERFUN FOUNDATION Inc.GLOBAL FUNDSSPAINROTARY INTERNATIONALPRIVATE SECTOROTHERS (Canada, Brazil, Netherlands, Norway, MDG)

38

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UNICEF Angola

P.O. Box 2707

Luanda, Republic of Angola

Tel +244 226 430870

www.unicef.org/angola

www.facebook.com/unicefangola