ANDROMENDA Andromeda has ten stars in its constellation. The Andromeda Galaxy is based near its constellation. This constellation was named after the Greek myhtology princess with her mother bordering her. Andromeda is an overlapping constellation because it overlaps with Pegasus (the winged horse). In the Greek mythology book it says that a man named Perseus saved Andromeda and had one demand , her hand in marriage. To find Andromeda simply search in the north sky and search for her mother, follow a direct line down and you will find Andromeda. The Andromeda constellation is not a zodiac symbol unlike some other constellations. It is said that Andromeda has the brightest star of Pegasus (the winged horse) in her. Andromeda is not a year round constellation meaning it is only around one season (autumn). Andromeda is close to the North Pole.

Myth or Legend Associated with my Constellation: Queen Cassiopeia boasted that her daughter, Andromeda, was more beautiful than the nereids, Nereus's own daughter ( the sea god also known as Posiedon in the Greek mythology). In punishment Nereus sent a terrible sea monster (known as Cetus) to ravage the coast of their province, Ethiopia, and in order to stop Cetus the king had to sacrifice his own daughter. So she was chained naked to a rock and she waited for the monster. Perseus ,who had just slain Medusa and her sisters ( the gorgons), spied the monster charging for the princess, battled the monster and in reward had her hand in marriage.

ORION

Orion, the Hunter, is visible from October through March in both hemispheres. Orion the Giant Hunter or Warrior, he was a giant so tall that he could wade through any sea, His first marriage ended when the boastfulness of his first wife got her banished to the underworld. He was blinded by a jealous father when he fell in love with a Greek princess, but regained his sight when an oracle told him to look into the sun at dawn. When he saw Aurora the goddess of dawn, they fell in love. All was well until Orion was stung by a Scorpion, he fell sick and died. In order to honor him and protect him from his enemy he rises in the east as his enemy, the Scorpion sets in the West. Orion is never seen at the same time as the Scorpion. Orion was used to predict the seasons, a midnight rising of Orion meant that the grapes were ready to harvest, a morning rising meant that Summer was beginning, and an evening rising that winter is here.

Abbreviation: Ori Genitive: Orionis Translation: The Great HunterPosition in the Sky : Explanation of the following information Right Ascension: 5 hours Declination: 5 degrees Visible between latitudes 85 and -75 degrees Best seen in January (at 9:00 PM) Named Stars : BETELGEUSE (Alpha Ori) RIGEL (Beta Ori) BELLATRIX (Gamma Ori) MINTAKA (Delta Ori) ALNILAM (Epsilon Ori) ALNITAK (Zeta Ori) Nair al Saif (Iota Ori) SAIPH (Kappa Ori) Meissa (Lambda Ori) Tabit (Pi 3 Ori) Tabit (Pi 2 Ori) Tabit (Pi 4 Ori) Tabit (Pi 1 Ori) Thabit (Upsilon Ori) Messier Objects : M42 The Great Orion Nebula (diffuse nebula) M43 part of the Orion Nebula, de Mairan's Nebula (diffuse nebula) M78 (diffuse nebula) There are several pictures of Orion on the What Are Constellations? page An Astronomical Bestiary :Perhaps second only to the Big Dipper in Ursa Major, the constellation of Orion is one of the most recognizable patterns of stars in the northern sky. Orion, the hunter, stands by the river Eridanus and is accompanied by his faithful dogs, Canis Major and Canis Minor. Together they hunt various celestial animals, including Lepus, the rabbit, and Taurus, the bull. According to Greek mythology, Orion was in love with Merope, one of the Seven Sisters who form the Pleiades, but Merope would have nothing to do with him. Orion's tragic life ended when he stepped on Scorpius, the scorpion. The gods felt sorry for him, so they put him and his dogs in the sky as constellations. They also put all of the animals he hunted up there near him. Scorpius, however, was placed on the opposite side of the sky so Orion would never be hurt by it again. See also another version of the Orion myth written by Kevin Grey. From the northern hemisphere, the three bright stars (Alnitak, Alnilam and Mintaka) in a straight line that form Orion's Belt are easily visible on the southern horizon in winter evenings. The bright star that forms Orion's left shoulder is Betelgeuse. The name of this star means "The Armpit of the Central One" in Arabic, which shows that like many other constellations, Orion was recognized across many cultures. Hanging down from Orion's belt is his sword that is made up of three fainter stars. The central "star" of the sword is actually not a star at all, but the Great Orion Nebula, one of the regions most studied by astronomers in the whole sky. Nearby is the Horsehead Nebula (IC 434), which is a swirl of dark dust in front of a bright nebula.

LeoLeo, the Lion, can be found in the Northern Hemisphere in the spring and Southern Hemisphere in autumn. Leo is the Nemean Lion from the Moon who was sent by Hera to slay Hercules. As Hercules first labor, he killed the lion by strangling it with his bare hands. Hercules wore the skin, which made him invincible. When Hercules died, the lion was returned to the celestial heavens with Hercules. Leo to the Egyptians, was the place the Sun rose after creation (near Denebola) and so was called Domicilium Solis, the badge of fire and heat, or the House of the Sun.

Abbreviation: Leo Genitive: Leonis Translation: The Lion

Position in the Sky : Explanation of the following information Right Ascension: 11 hours Declination: 15 degrees Visible between latitudes 90 and -65 degrees Best seen in April (at 9:00 PM) Named Stars : REGULUS (Alpha Leo) DENEBOLA (Beta Leo) ALGIEBA (Gamma 1 Leo) Zosma (Delta Leo) Ras Elased Australis (Epsilon Leo) Adhafera (Zeta Leo) Chort (Theta Leo) Al Minliar al Asad (Kappa Leo) Alterf (Lambda Leo) Ras Elased Borealis (Mu Leo) Subra (Omicron Leo) Messier Objects : M65 (spiral galaxy) M66 (spiral galaxy) M95 (spiral galaxy) M96 (spiral galaxy) M105 (elliptical galaxy) This is one of the 13 constellations of the Zodiac. Leo is the Nemean Lion which was killed by Hercules on one of his great quests. Legend says that the lion had a hide that could not punctured by iron, bronze or stone. Since he couldn't reason with the ferocious beast, Hercules strangled it to death and the local people were very grateful. The Chaldeans associated Leo with the sun since it is in the sky during the summer solstice (although this is no longer true, due to the precession of the Earth's axis). Since Nile floods around this time, the ancient Egyptians worshipped the celestial lion. You can find Leo in the sky by looking for the "sickle" starting at Regulus (Alpha Leonis) and following the backwards question mark. To find Regulus, use the Big Dipper as described on the Ursa Major Page. In more modern times (late 1600's that is ), Johannes Hevelius added the constellation Leo Minor

PavoPavo, the Peacock, is completely visible in latitudes South of 15 degrees North from June - August. Pavo is Argos, the builder of the Argo Navis. Argos was transformed into a Peacock when the Argo Navis was placed among the stars. Pavo was invented by Pieter Dirksz Keyser and Fredrick de Houtman between 1595 and 1597

Abbreviation: Pav Genitive: Pavonis Translation: The Peacock Position in the Sky Right Ascension: 20 hours Declination: -65 degrees Visible between latitudes 15 and -90 degrees Best seen in September (at 9:00 PM) Named Stars Peacock (Alpha Pav) Pavo was named by Johann Bayer. His inspiration to name this constellation as such, may have come from the mythological peacock that was sacred to Hera. Zeus' wife Hera, had suspected that her husband had fallen in love with the mortal Io and had changed his lover in a white heifer as disguise. Hera then asked Argus Panoptes, a giant with 100 eyes, to guard the disguised heifer. When Zeus found out the his lover was being guarded, he sent Hermes to kill Argus. After Hera found out of Argus' death, she distribuited his eyes all over the tail of the peacock. Pavo borders on Apus, Telescopium, Indus and Octans.

Virgo

Virgo, the Virgin, can be seen in spring and summer in the Northern Hemisphere and autumn and winter in the Southern Hemisphere. Virgo the Goddess probably originated when the Sun was in Virgo during the spring equinox, the time of the Egyptian harvest. She is usually drawn holding a palm branch and an ear of wheat. To the Babylonians she was the goddess Istar, Queen of the stars, and the lover of the god of corn, Tammuz. Tammuz was cut down in his prime in the autumn, and so Virgo travels the underworld to bring him back. While Virgo is in the underworld, winter reigns, when she returns with him in the spring, the season renew. Abbreviation: Vir Genitive: Virginis Translation: The Maiden Position in the Sky : Right Ascension: 13 hours Declination: 0 degrees Visible between latitudes 80 and -80 degrees Best seen in May (at 9:00 PM) Named Stars : SPICA (Alpha Vir) Zavijah (Beta Vir) Porrima (Gamma Vir) Auva (Delta Vir) VINDEMIATRIX (Epsilon Vir) Heze (Zeta Vir) Zaniah (Eta Vir) Syrma (Iota Vir) Rijl al Awwa (Mu Vir) Messier Objects : M49 (elliptical galaxy) M58 (spiral galaxy) M59 (elliptical galaxy) M60 (elliptical galaxy) M61 (spiral galaxy) M84 (elliptical galaxy) M86 (elliptical galaxy) M87 Virgo A (elliptical galaxy) M89 (elliptical galaxy) M90 (spiral galaxy) M104 The Sombrero Galaxy (spiral galaxy)

SEKOLAH KEBANGSAAN PADANG TEMBAK

CONSTELLATIONS

NAME : KARTHIGEYAN S/O KESAVANCLASS : 5 PUTIHTEACHER : MADAM RAJESWARY

CONTENTNumContentPage

1Appericiation

2Biography

3Pavo

4Orion

5Leo

6Andromenda

7Virgo

8Hydra

9Camelopardalis

10Draco

11Fornax

Appreciation

I would like to thank my Science teacher, Madam Rajeswary for helping, guiding and giving useful and important information for me to complete this Science Project 2012. Her guidance had made me sucessfuly finish this folio in given period of time. Secondly, I also want to thank my friends who helped and co-operated in searching for information on various types of constellations around us. Besides that, I would like to thank my parents for the support and encouragement as well as their moral supports. Their advice kept me on the right track all the way long.

Gemini

Gemini, the Twins, is visible from the Northern Hemisphere in November through April and in the Southern Hemisphere from December through March. Gemini, the Twins were the sons of Leda who was seduced by Zeus who appeared as a swan, the result of the union was two eggs, one of which contained Helen of Troy and Pollux (the immortal twin) and the other egg were the offspring of Tyndareus, the mortal Castor and his sister Clytemnestra. Castor a horseman and Pollux a boxer were inseparable and accompanied the Argonauts on their adventures. They calmed the seas when rough weather threatened. They can still be seen (or so sailors say) today when twin balls of lightening, or St. Elmos fire appear in the rigging of ships that sailors know foul weather is near. Abbreviation: Gem Genitive: Geminorum Translation: The Twins Position in the Sky : Right Ascension: 7 hours Declination: 20 degrees Visible between latitudes 90 and -60 degrees Best seen in February (at 9:00 PM) Named Stars : CASTOR (Alpha Gem) POLLUX (Beta Gem) ALHENA (Gamma Gem) Wasat (Delta Gem) Mebsuta (Epsilon Gem) Mekbuda (Zeta Gem) Propus (Eta Gem) Propus (Iota Gem) Tejat Posterior (Mu Gem) Alzirr (Xi Gem) Propus (1 Gem) Messier Objects : M35 (open cluster) Castor and Pollux, the "twins" of Gemini, were Greek heroes. They were among the men Jason led on his voyages on the Argo. This is one of the 13 constellations of the Zodiac

BIOGRAPHY

Name : Karthigeyan s/o KesavanAge : 11 years oldDate of Birth : 3rd December 2012Hobby : Reading story booksAmbition : PoliceFavourite food : Chicken riceFavourite Drink : CokeLucky Colour : PurpleFavourite sports : FootballFan of : ArsenalMoto : If theres a will Theres always a way