Android Workshop at @majug by @derwildemomo and @elektrojunge

AndroidOverview – Structure – Development

Freitag, 15. Oktober 2010

English slidesStill hoping for an english attendend, though.


Benjamin Reimold• Angewandte Informatik @ DHBW

Stuttgart

• Mobile Development, (Android/WinMo/…)

• started with JEE, a lot of .Net recently

• also a music and book addict,...

• aformatik Training & Consulting

• Twitter: @elektrojunge

• Member of GTUG NAFreitag, 15. Oktober 2010

Moritz Haarmann

• BSc @ HdM Stuttgart, Medieninformatik

• Mobile-Development, iPhone & Android

• Too much Java EE

• Vollzeit-Nerd

• CaperWhite GmbH

• Twitter: @derwildemomo

• Founder of GTUG NA


Agenda

• Mobile operating systems - overview

• Android fundamentals

• The walkthrough

• Android market

• Other interesting stuff


Mobile Operating Systems

Overview & Comparison


Android OS

• Free, almost open source

• Based on a Linux kernel and a custom virtual machine (more later)

• Most smartphones bought in the US are Androids ( 8/2010 )

• Google, you know.


Apple iOS

• Most popular smartphone OS for consumers

• Growing importance for usage in enterprise („consumerized IT“)

• Closed, yet very powerful platform

• Based on Unix

• Requires: Objective-C skills, money & a mac


Blackberry OS

• Widely used in corporate environments

• High security standards & detailed administration (BES)

• Uses Java technology (Java ME + proprietary stuff)

• Closely linked with the online services offered


Windows Phone 7

• „In the wild“ – still matters

• Lost market share dramatically over the last years

• Windows Phone 7 to bring Microsoft back

• Windows Phone 7 ~ iOS 2


US Smartphone Market Shares - „in the wild“

28%

9%3%

19%

35%

4%2%

iPhone Android Linux WiMo RIM WebOSSymbian

Nielsen, Q1/2010http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/online_mobile/iphone-vs-android/

Share of Nokia Phones Worldwide Gartner 2010:34,2 % Nokia Handys including feature phones

In August, Android phones were the most sold mobile OS in the US

• overall smartphone penetration

• 23%

• lates numbers from Nielsen

• Android 19%

• Blackberry 31%

• iPhone 28%


http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/online_mobile/iphone-vs-android/






Android FundamentalsOS Structure – Concepts


Architecture

Linux KernelHAL – Power Management – IPC – …

Librariesthink of Freetype, WebKit, SQLite

Android Runtime(Android libraries & Dalvik VM)

Application Frameworkbasically everything your application will interact with

Applications


Dalvik VM

• Runtime for applications (1 VM per application!)

• Heavily optimized for mobile devices

• Custom executable format (.dex)

• Based on Apache Harmony JVM implementation

• Not able to run Java Bytecode, no Java VM

Größte Optimierung statischer Art: globaler Constant Pool für alle Klassen eines Pakets.

Andere Opcodes (2 byte statt 1 byte)

Bei der Installation wird noch optimiert, z.B. bei Byte Order, Inline Functions, Static linking...


Tools• Eclipse

+ Android Developer Tools+ Android Debugging Bridge+ Emulator or Device

• everything but the device is 100% free

• Code Generator: droidBreeder, only rudimentary

• UI Tool: DroidDraw

• MDD approach with Xtext, Acceleo, EMF


- „Shortcomings?“-„We call it personality!“

• No SOAP libraries included

• No „properties“-file as in Java but similar mechanism using the „res“-folder

• No native device/sd card encryption

• Limitted device management api


Terms you should knowor have heard of


Activity

• Fundamental application building block

• „One screen“

• Lifecycle methods

• Create – resume – pause – destroy – …

• The „V“ and the „C“ in MVC


Intents

• „Abstract Description of an operation to be performed“

• Android specific event mechanism

• Late binding

• Can be created and received at runtime

• IPC


Application Context

• Runtime object provided by the system

• Look up services

• IPC

• Anything outside your app is likely to use the context at some point


Other terms & stuff

• Services – background activities without UI

• Content provider – shareable data stores

• Broadcast receiver – listeners for global intents

• Bundle - a bundle of „extra“ information

• The Manifest file – sounds familiar, doesn‘t it?


Development WalkthroughReady, Set..


Development Walkthrough• What does the app do?

• Create a project

• The DDMS perspective

• Project structure

• Create a virtual device

• With or without Google APIs?

• Layout the 1st activity


Development Walkthrough• Create the activity

• AndroidManifest.xml

• The Java fun begins!

• actually writing the first activity

• Persisting stuff with SQLite

• Accessing lists with Adapters

• HTTP-Calls

• Adding a MenuFreitag, 15. Oktober 2010

Things to keep in mind• Have a good user experience!

• Pay attention to the UI!

• Think about performance!

• Avoid object allocation (use static final attributes, avoid collections,...)!

• Consider different target devices!

• Pay more attention to the UI!


The Android Market• Register as a developer for $29 using Google

Checkout and agree to the license

• ~80.000 Apps (and growing)

• Not available worldwide but increased availability

• Significantly more free apps than paid ones (numbers vary, though)

• Needs a google account AND „google checkout“ for paid apps

• Alternative markets?

google checkout und paypal?


Other interesting stuff• Google Developer Events (not only on

Android) & Android Barcamps

• It‘s hard to get info directly from Google (improvements planned)

• User groups (www.gtugs.org) & Android Meet-ups

• Fragmentation Issues?!

• Patent problem (Oracle‘s lawsuit)?!

• Piracy problems?!Freitag, 15. Oktober 2010

http://www.gtugs.org

http://www.gtugs.org

Some advertiseing

There‘s the 1st event using „our new name“

Stuttgart GTUG2.11.2010, 18h, Android Tech Talks

Location: DHBW Stuttgart, Stuttgart-Mitte

Website: www.gtugna.gtugs.org


Thanks!

and now: Q&A!


Android Workshop at @majug by @derwildemomo and @elektrojunge

Education

Transcript of Android Workshop at @majug by @derwildemomo and @elektrojunge