http://eglobiotraining.com/android

What is Android

Android is a Linux-based operating system for mobile devices such as smart phones and tablet computers, developed by Google in conjunction with the Open Handset Alliance. The first Android-powered phone was sold in October 2008

Andriod

Android was initially developed by Android Inc, whom Google financially backed and later purchased in 2005. The unveiling of the Android distribution in 2007 was announced with the founding of the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of 86 hardware, software, and telecommunication companies devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices

Android

Google releases the Android code as open-source, under the Apache License. The Android Open Source Project (AOSP) is tasked with the maintenance and further development of Android. Additionally, Android has a large community of developers writing applications ("apps") that extend the functionality of devices. Developers write primarily in a customized version of Java, and apps can be downloaded from online stores such as Google Play .

Android, Inc. was founded in Palo Alto, California, United States in October 2003 by Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears, and Chris White to develop, in Rubin's words "...smarter mobile devices that are more aware of its owner's location and preferences“

Google acquisition of Androidhttp://eglobiotraining.com/android

Google acquired Android Inc. on August 17, 2005, making Android Inc. a wholly owned subsidiary of Google. Key employees of Android Inc., including Andy Rubin, Rich Miner and Chris White, stayed at the company after the acquisition.] Not much was known about Android Inc. at the time of the acquisition, but many assumed that Google was planning to enter the mobile phone market with this move.

At Google, the team led by Rubin developed a mobile device platform powered by the Linux kernel. Google marketed the platform to handset makers and carriers on the promise of providing a flexible, upgradable system. Google had lined up a series of hardware component and software partners and signaled to carriers that it was open to various degrees of cooperation on their part. (http://eglobiotraining.com/android)

Rich Miner is an investment partner on the Google Ventures team. Miner joined the Google Ventures team in March, 2009 and is based out of Cambridge, MA. Before joining Google Ventures, Miner was a former co-founder of Android, Inc., origin of the Android mobile operating system and was an executive on the Android team after its acquisition by Google (http://eglobiotraining.com/android)

The Android Open Source Project (AOSP) is led by Google, and is tasked with the maintenance and development of Android According to the project "The goal of the Android Open Source Project is to create a successful real-world product that improves the mobile experience for end users." AOSP also maintains the Android Compatibility Program, defining an "Android compatible" device "as one that can run any application written by third-party developers using the Android SDK and NDK", to prevent incompatible Android implementations.

Version History

The version history of the Android operating system began with the release of the Android beta in November 2007. The first commercial version, Android 1.0, was released in September 2008. Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google and the Open Handset Alliance, and has seen a number of updates to its base operating system since its original release (http://eglobiotraining.com/android).

Version history of Androidhttp://eglobiotraining.com/android

Each version after "Astro" and "Bender" is named in alphabetical order after a dessert or sugary treat, with 1.5 "Cupcake" being the first and every update since following this naming convention.

• Android 1.0 Astro• Android 1.1 Bender• Android 1.5 Cupcake• Android 1.6 Donut• Android 2.0/2.1 Eclair• Android 2.2 Froyo• Android 2.3 Gingerbread• Android 3.x Honeycomb• Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich• Android 4.1 Jelly Bean

Android 1.0 Astro

Android 1.0 is the first commercial version of the software, was released on September 23, 2008. This release was robot-related codename, "Astro“. (http://eglobiotraining.com/android)

Android 1.1 Bender

On February 9, 2009, the Android 1.1 update was released, initially for the HTC Dream only. Like 1.0, this release continued the robot naming theme, with "Bender" . The update resolved bugs, changed the API and added a number of features (http://eglobiotraining.com/android)

Android 1.5 CupcakeOn April 30, 2009, the Android 1.5 update was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.27. This was the first release to use a name based on a dessert "Cupcake", a theme which would be used for all releases henceforth. The update included several new features and UI amendments (http://eglobiotraining.com/android)

Android 1.6

Donut

On September 15, 2009, the Android 1.6 SDK –dubbed Donut – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.29 (http://eglobiotraining.com/android)

Android 2.0/2.1

EclairOn October 26, 2009, the Android 2.0 SDK –codenamed Eclair – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.29

(http://eglobiotraining.com/android).

Android 2.2.x Froyo

On May 20, 2010, the Android 2.2 Froyo SDK was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.32.

Google's Nexus One was the first smart phone to receive Android 2.2 Froyo. (http://eglobiotraining.com/android).

Android 2.3.x Gingerbread

On December 6, 2010, the Android 2.3

(Gingerbread) SDK was released,

based on Linux kernel 2.6.35

(http://eglobiotraining.com/android).

Android 3.x Honeycomb

On February 22, 2011, the Android 3.0 (Honeycomb) SDK – the first tablet-only Android update – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.36. The first device featuring this version, the Motorola Xoom tablet, was released on February 24, 2011 (http://eglobiotraining.com/android)

Android 4.0.x Ice Cream Sandwich

The SDK for Android 4.0.1 (Ice Cream Sandwich), based on Linux kernel 3.0.1, was publicly released on October 19, 2011. Google's Gabe Cohen stated that Android 4.0 was "theoretically compatible" with any Android 2.3.x device in production at that time (http://eglobiotraining.com/android)

Android 4.1.x Jelly Bean

On June 27, 2012, at the Google I/O conference, Google announced Android 4.1 (Jelly Bean). Based on Linux kernel 3.1.10, Jelly Bean is an incremental update with the primary aim of improving the user interface, both in terms of functionality and performance (http://eglobiotraining.com/android).

Respectfully Submitted to

Prof. Erwin M. Globio, MSIT