Andrew Vitkus, Caelin Lewis, Duncan Liseski

Mosque in SindhSindh was the first part of Southern Asia to adopt Islam.

Muhammad ibn Qasim

Muhammad Ghur

Qutb-ub-din Aibak

Bhaktic Cults

Mira Bai

Kabir

Shrivijaya

Malacca

Demak

Key Terms

Key Terms

Muhammad ibn Qasim: general under Hajjaj; appointed commander of the all important invasion of Sindh when he was seventeen years old; managed to win all of his military campaigns; established peace, order, and a good administrative structure in the areas he conquered.

Mahmud of Ghazni: Sultan of the kingdom of Ghazna (998-1030); Ghazna comprised of modern Afghanistan and northeastern modern Iran; eventually including northwestern India and most of Iran

Muhammad of Ghur: conquests established first Great Muslim Empire in northern India; spent much of his time campaigning in Afghanistan or eastern Persia

Key Terms

Qutb-ub-din Aibak: captured and sold as a slave when he was a child to Muhammad of Ghur; became Sultan after Muhammad of Ghur was assassinated; died after falling from a horse while playing polo in 1210

Bhaktic Cults: Hindu groups dedicated to gods and goddesses; stressed the importance of strong emotional bonds between devotees and the god or goddess who was the object of their veneration; most widely worshipped gods were Shiva and Vishnu

Mira Bai: celebrated Hindu writer of religious poetry; reflected openness of bhaktic cults to women

Key Terms

Kabir: Muslim mystic; played down the importance of ritual differences between Hinduism and Islam

Shrivijaya: Trading empire centered on Malacca Straits between Malaya and Sumatra; controlled trade of empire; Buddhist government resistant to Muslim missionaries; fall opened up southeastern Asia to Muslim conversion

Malacca: Portuguese factory or fortified trade town located on the tip of the Malayan peninsula; traditionally a center for trade among the southeastern Asian islands

Demak: Most powerful of the trading states on north coast of Java; converted to Islam and served as point of dissemination to other ports

Mosque

Political Divisions and the First Muslim Invasion

Indian Influences on Islamic Civilization

From Booty to Empire: The Second Wave of Muslim Invasions

Patterns of Conversion

Patterns of Accommodation

Islamic Challenge and Hindu Revival

Stand-Off: The Muslim Presence in India at the End of the Sultanate Period

The Coming of Islam to Southeast Asia

Political Divisions and the First Muslim Invasion

The first Muslim intrusion came in 711 Indirectly caused by the peaceful trading

contacts who introduced Muslims to Indian civilization

Muslim traders attacked by pirates Muhammad ibn Qasim lead more than

10,000 troops into Sindh to avenge the traders

The Muslims treated the Hindus and Buddhists as “people of the book” Freedom to worship as please Paid special tax

Indian Influences on Islamic Civilization

Islam had little impact on Indian culture

Muslims learned from the Indians Indian scientific knowledge rivaled

Greeks. Indian Scholars traveled to Baghdad

From Booty to Empire: The Second Wave of Muslim Invasions After a decline of Muslims . Turkish

slave dynasty changed India. Mahmud of Ghazni- Led a expedition

that raided and conquered Northern India.

Muhammad of Ghur Qutb-ud-din Aibak seized control after

Muhammad's death. Delhi was capital.

Patterns of Conversion

Islam converters- Merchants and Sufis Muslim Converts

Buddhists and low caste groups

Reasons for conversions Escape head tax for non-believers More egalitarian social arrangement. Intermarriage between local peoples and

Muslim migrants.

Patterns of Accommodation Muslims made little impression on

Hindu community as a whole. Hindus worked with Muslims, but were

socially aloof. Hindus thought Muslims would be

absorbed by Hindus superior religion. Unfortunate for women

Married at earlier ages Prohibited widows to marry. Sati

Islamic Challenge and Hindu Revival

Hindus found Islam impossible to absorb Hindus placed greater emphasis on devotional

cults of gods and goddesses Bhaki mystics and gurus stressed the

importance of a strong emotional bond between the devotee and the god or goddess of veneration The Bhakti movement did a lot to stem the flow of

converts to Islam such as increasing popular involvement in Hindu worship and by enriching and extending the modes of prayer and ritual

Stand-Off: The Muslim Presence in India at the End of the Sultanate Period Muslim religious experts grew

increasingly aware of the problems Hinduism would cause for Islam Attempts to fuse the two religions were

rejected The religious experts worked to promote

unity within the Indian Muslim community Non-Muslims, particularly Hindus,

remained the overwhelming majority of the population of the vast lands south of the Himalayas

Muslim Population in Modern Day South Asia and AfricaInteresting Fact-Islam is the most widely practiced religion in Southeast Asia, numbering approximately 240 million adherents which translate to about 40% of the entire population, with majorities in Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia.

Trading Contacts and ConversionsSufi Mystics and the Nature of Southeast Asian Islam

The Spread of Islam to Southeast Asia

Trading Contacts and Conversions

Most spread was from peaceful contacts First were small port centers

Malacca to Malaya, Sumatra, Demak, and Java

Port cities were the most common to covert

Slow progress in areas with Hindu-Buddhist dynasties Central Java, Bali, Central Asia

Sufi Mystics and the Nature of Southeast Asian Islam

Sufis infused mystical strains and tolerated animist beliefs and rituals Allowed people to maintain pre-Islamic

beliefs and law

MosqueMuslim mosques such as this one are visited by thousands of Muslims in Asia

Overall Importance

The overall importance of the spread of Islam to Southern and Southeastern Asia is that it helped the religion of Islam progress further and introduced a new belief to a lot of people who had never heard of Islam. It helped Islam become one of the major religions in the world of today.

Citations

http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=123798&page=2

http://ffh.films.com/Common/FMGimages/36128_full.jpg

http://www.farhan-ali-qadri.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=1221&sid=266742cf753dc5e2d57519f13029473d

http://www.arzoomag.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/eid-300x216.jpg

http://www.webindia123.com/tourism/pilgrim/glry/mosque/m11.jpg

Mosque