Andrew University

Volume 32 Number 3 Autumn 1994

Andrews University Press

ANDREWS UNIVERSITY SEMINARY STUDIES

The Journal of the Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary of Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Michigan 49104, U.S.A.

Editor: NANCY J. VYHMEISTER Associate Editor: JERRY MOON Book Review Editor: JERRY MOON Editor Emwitus: KENNETH A. STRAND Consulting Editors: ROBERT M. JOHNSTON, JON PAULIEN,

RANDALL W. YOUNKER Copy Editor: LEONA G. RUNNING Editorial Assistant: SALLY KIASIONGANDRIAMIARISOA Circulation Manager: MATTHEW M. KENT Data Processor: JENNIFER KHARBTENG

Editorial and Circulation Offices: Andrews University Seminar Studies, Seminary Hall, Andrews University Berrien Springs, MI 49104-1500, U.S.A. Phone: (616) 471-6023 Fax: (616) 471-6202 Electronic Mail: auss@andrews.edu

A refereed journal, ANDREWS UNIVERSITY SEMINARY STUDIES provides a scholarly venue, within the context of biblical faith, for the presentation of research in the area of religious and biblical studies. A USS publishes research articles and brief notes on the following topics: biblical archaeology and history of antiquity; Hebrew Bible; New Testament; church history of all periods; horical, biblical, and systematic theology; ethics; h o r y of rekons; and missions. Selected research articles on minktry and Christian education may also be included

The opinions expressed in articles, brief notes, book reviews, etc., are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the editors nor those of the Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary.

Subscription Informution: ANDREWS UNIVERSITY SEMINARY STUDIES is published in the Spring, Summer, and Autumn. The subscription rate for 1995 is as follows:

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TRANSLITERATION OF HEBREW AND ARAMAIC

CONSONANTS

MASORETIC VOWEL POINTINGS . - = e 3 = $ . n

= a I .' = o l = o

= i = a = e = O T

-. = a . .. . (vocal shewa) = = p = o = u .. . T:

No distinction is made between soft and hard begad-kepat letters; dig:: forte is indicated by doubling the consonant.

AASOR AB ABD AcOr ADAJ AHR 4 . 4 A f l ANEP ANET A N F AnOr ANR W ARG ATR AusBR A USS BA BAR BASOR BCSR BHS Bib BibB BIES BJRL BK BKAT BO BR BSac BT BTB BZ BZAW BZNW CAD CBQ

ABBREVIATIONS OF BOOKS AND PERIODICALS

Annual Amer. Sch. Or. Res. Anchor Bible Anchor Bible Dictionary Acra orienralia Annual Dept. Ant. Jordan Amencan Historical Review American Journal of Archaeology American Journal of Theology Anc. Near Eat in Pictures Ancient Near Eatern Texts The Ante-Nicene Fathers Analecta orientalia Aul und Nu&. r6misch Welt Archiv f i r Reformationsgeschichte Anglican Theological Review Australian Biblical Review A n d m Uniwrrity Seminary Studies Biblical Archaeologist Biblical Archaeology Review Bulktin Amer. Sch. Oriental Rerearch B d Counol on rhe Study of Religion Biblia hehaica stuttgartensia Biblica Biblische Beitrage Bulletin of the Israel Expl. S~ociety Bulletin, John Rylands University Bibel und Kirche Bibl. Kommentar: Altes Testament Bibliotheca orienralis Biblical Research Bibliotheca Sacra The Bible Translator Btblical Theology Bulletin Biblische Zeitschrifi Beihefte zur ZAW Beihefte zur ZNW Chicago Assyrian Dictionary Catholic Biblical Q u a ~ l y

CH CHR CIG cr/ CIL CIS c/T CQ CQR CT (7. CTM CurTM D o n EDNT EKL EncIs EncJud ER EvQ EvT ExpTim GRBS GTJ Heyj HR HTR HUCA IB I C C IDB IEJ Int ISBE JAAR JAOS JAS JBL

Church History Cntholic Historical Review C o p s inscriptionum graecarum Corpus inscriptionum iudaicarum Corpus inscriptionum latinarum Corpus inrcriptionum semiticarum Canadian Journal of Theology Church Q u a w l y Church Q u a w l y Review Christianity Today Calvin Theologt'cal Journal Concordia Theological Monthly Currents in Theol. and Mission Doc. fiom OT Times, Thomas, ed. Exegetical Dict. of the NT Evangelisches Kirchenlexikon Encyclopedia of Islam Encyclopedia Judaica Ecumenical Review Evangelical Q w w l y Evangelische Theologie Expository Times Greek, Roman, and Byz. Studies Grace Theological Journal Heythrop Journal History of Religions Haward Theological Review Hebrew Union College Annual Interpreter's Bible International Critical Commentary Interprrter's Dictionary of the Bible Israel Exploration Journal Interpretation International Standard Bible Dict. Joum American Academy of Religion Joum. of the Amer. Or. Society Joum. of Asian Studies Journal of Biblical Literature

Abbreviations (cont.) JBR JCS JEA JETS JEH JES JJS JMeH JMES JMH JNES JPOS JQR JR JRAS JRE JRelS JSNT JRH JRT JSJ JSOT JSS JSSR JTC JTS LCL LW LQ MQR Neot NHS

Journal of Bible and Religion Journal of Cuneijonn Studies Journal of Egyptian Archaeology Journal of the Evangel. Theol. Soc. Journal of Ecclesiastical History Journal of Ecumenical Studies Journal ofJewish Studies Journal of Medieval Histo ry Journal of Middle Eastern Studies Journal ofModern History Journal of Near Eastern Studies Journal of Palest. Orient. Soc. Jewish Quarterly Review Journal of Religion Journal of Royal Asiatic Society Journal of Religious Ethics Journal of Religious Studies Journal for the Study of the NT Journal of Religious History Journal of Religions Thought Journalfor the Study of Judaism Journalfor the Study of the OT Journal of Semitic Studies Journal for the Scien. Study of Religion Journalfor Theol. and Church Journal of Theological Studies Loeb Classical Library Luther's Works, American Ed. Luthemn Quarterly Mennonite Quarterly Review Neotestamentica Nae Hammadi Studies

NICNT ~ e w Inteml. Commentary, NT NICOT New Inteml. Commentary, OT NIDNTT New Inter. Dict. of NT Theol. NIGTC New Inteml. Greek Test. Comm. NKZ Neue Kirchliche Zeitschni NovT Novum Testamentum NPNF Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers NRT La nouvelle revue tht!ologique NTA New Testament Abstmcts NTAp NT Apocrypha. Schneemelcber NTS New Testament Studies O K C Oxford Dict. of Christian Church OLZ Orientalische Litemtuneitung Or Orientalia (Rome) OtChr Oriens christianus 07'' OT Pseudepigmpha, Charlesworth OTS Oudtestamentisehe Studien PEQ Palestine Explomtion Quarterly PC Patmlogia Gmeca, Migne PL Patmlogia Latina, Migne PW Pauly-Wissowa, Real Encyclopddie QDAP Quart. Dept. of Ant. in Palestine RA Revue d'assyriologie el dbrch. RAC Reallexikon f i r Antike und Chr. RB Revue biblique RechSR Recherches de science religieuse REg Revue d'igyptologie RelS Religious Studies RelSoc Religion and Society RelSRev Religious Studies Review RevExp Review and Expositor Re* Revue de Qummn RevScRel Revue des sciences religieuses

RevSdm RHE RHPR RHR RL RLA RR RRR RSPT RTP SA SB SBLDS SBLMS SBLSBS SBLTT SBT SCJ SCR Sem SIT SMRT SO1 SPB SSS ST TD TDNT TDOT TEH E l TJ TLZ TP rQ TRev TRu TS TT TToday TU TWOT lz UF USQR vc VT VTSup WA WBC WTJ ZA ZAW ZDMG ZDPV ZEE ZHT ZKG ZKT ZMR ZNW ZRGG ZST ZTK ZWT

Revue simitique Revue d 'histoire ecclksiastique Revue d 'hist. et de phil. religieuses Revue de I'histoire des religions Religion in Lije Reallexikon der Assyriologie Review of Religion Review of Religious Research Revue des sc. phil. el thiol. Revue de thPol. et de phil. Sociological Analysis Sources bibliques SBL Dissertation Series SBL Monograph Series SBL Sources for Biblical Study SBL Texts and Translations Studies in Biblical Theology Sixteenth Century Journal Studies in Compamtive Religion Semitica Scottish Journal of Theology Studies in Med. and Ref: Thought Studia Orientalia Studia Postbiblica Semitic Studies Series Studio Theologica Theology Digest Theol. Dict. of the NT Theol. Dict. of the OT Theologische Existenz Heute Theologie und Glaube Trinity Journal Theologische Litemtuneitung Theologie und Philosophie Theologische Quartalschrft Theologische Revue Theologische Rundschau Theological Studies Teologisk Tidsskrift Theology Today Texte und Untersuchungen Theol. Wordbook of the OT Theologische Zeitschrift Ugarit-Forschungen Union Seminary Quarterly Review Vigiliae christianae Vetus Testamentum Vetus Testamentum, Supplements Luther's Works, Weimarer Ausgabe Word Biblical Commentary Westminster Theological Journal Zeitschnifur Assyriologie Zeitsch. f i r die alttest. Wissen. Zeitsch. des deutsch. morgen. GeseN Zeitsch. des deutsch. Pal.-Vereins Zeitschnifiir evangelische Ethik Zeitsch. f i r historische Theologie Zeitschriftfiir Kirchengeschichte Zeitsch. f i r kalholische Theologie Zeitsch. f i r Mission. und Religion. Zeitsch. f i r die neutest. Wissen. Zeitsch. f i r Rel. u. Geistegeschichte Zeitsch. f i r systematische Theologie Zeitschniflr Theologie und Kirche Zeitschnifur wissen. Theologie