Andrew Jackson the Common Man's President
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Andrew Jackson: The Common Man’s President
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Andrew Jackson: Man of the Common Man
• Andrew Jackson was a SELF-MADE man
– He grew up poor with his two brothers and
single mother (His father died)
– Loved sports, hot-tempered, liked to have
fun
• He went to work for a law firm to learn how to
be a lawyer, he didn’t go to college
• Bought land and slaves, became plantation
owner
• He was a military general and became a
national hero at the Battle of New Orleans
• He entered politics when he was about 30 yrs
old as a Representative and a Senator
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Battle of New Orleans
Where Jackson grew up
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Jackson’s Style of President: The Spoil’s System
• Jackson believed that changing the people in
government jobs would be more democratic and fair
• Jackson replaced many of the Republicans in the
government with his loyal Democratic supporters
– People who had given money to his campaign
– Loyal friends
– Democratic Party members that worked hard during
his campaign.
• His opponents said Jackson was abusing his power and
playing favorites by picking his friends and supporters.
– Jackson was not picking the best person for the job
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Jackson’s Style of President:
The Kitchen Cabinet
• Jackson would go to his trusted friends and
political supporters for advise on how to run
the government, instead of his official
cabinet
– They met in the White House kitchen so
they were known as the “kitchen cabinet”
• The Republicans felt that Jackson was
getting poor advise and would made bad
decisions for the country because of it.
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The Nullification Crisis
• In 1828 Congress passed a law
increasing TARIFFS to help the
growth of American manufacturing
• Southern states felt the tariff was
unfair
– It played favorites with Northern
states and hurt the South which was
unconstitutional
• John C. Calhoun wanted to NULLIFY
the law
• Andrew Jackson tried to work with
the South and signed a law that
lowered the tariff in 1832
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The Nullification Crisis
• It was not enough for John C.
Calhoun, so he and South
Carolina threatened to SECEDE if
the national government tried to
enforce the tariff laws
• Jackson was furious at the threat
and asked Congress to pass the
Force Bill which would give him
the right to use the Army to
enforce the tariff
• John C. Calhoun and South
Carolina backed down and
accepted the lower tariffs
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Stop! You have gone too far. Or by the
Eternal, I’ll hang you all!
A little farther Cal!! And we are safe.
One step more and it will be within my grasp!
A glorious prize, how bright it looks. Keep
steady my friend you shall be exalted!
We must bear the burden, brother.
I tell you what neighbor, I won’t stand it, they are putting
too much on us.
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Jackson and the United States Bank
• The bank was needing to be renewed in 1836
• As the President of the Common man, Andrew
Jackson distrusted the Bank of the United States
and set out to “slay the monster”
– He vetoed a bill from Congress to renew the
bank in 1832
– He took out all the money the government had
deposited in the bank and put it into state banks
• The banks charter expired in 1836 and it closed
down
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Indian Removal Act
• Land-Hungry Whites go west
(southern cotton plantation
owners).
• Gold is found in Georgia. Georgia
tries to force the Cherokee out of
land.
• In 1830 Jackson signed the
Indian Removal Act which forced
the tribes to move from the
South to Indian territory in
Oklahoma
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Supreme Court Worcester v. Georgia
• Cherokee take their case to Supreme Court in 1831
• Worcester v. Georgia Chief Justice John Marshal rules in favor of Cherokee. Georgia can’t force them to move out.
Samuel Worcester John Ross
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Trail of Tears• Jackson ignores the Supreme
Court ruling and sends the army
to Georgia.
• The Creek and the Cherokee
resisted until they were
removed by force
• In 1838, the U.S. Army was used
to remove 17,000 Cherokee
from their lands in Georgia
– They were not given time to
get their things together
– They were forced by the
troops into holding pens to
be held like animals
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Trail of Tears• They were then
forced to walk
about 1,000
miles to Indian
Territory.
• 4,000 of them
died from
starvation,
disease, injuries,
and exhaustion.