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Andreas Colliander

Dr. Andreas Colliander is a Research Scientist in the Terrestrial Hydrology Group of the Science Division. His research interests include development of remote sensing techniques for geophysical parameter retrieval (including soil moisture) and estimating the impact of climate change on hydrologic cycle. He is currently mainly focused on NASA’s SMAP (Soil Moisture Active and Passive) mission as a member of the science algorithm development team. His work addresses calibration and validation of the soil moisture, freeze/thaw and net ecosystem exchange products of the mission. Additionally, he has also been funded by NASA to develop uniform long-term soil moisture data product, and study calibration and inter-calibration issues of the SMAP, SMOS, Aquarius, AMSR-E and AMSR2 satellite instruments. Dr. Colliander is a Senior Member of the IEEE, and serves as a co-lead of the Microwave Radiometer Working Group of the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society.

Education

Ph.D., Electrical Engineering, Helsinki University of Technology (2007)

M.S., Electrical Engineering, Helsinki University of Technology (2002)

Research interests

Microwave remote sensing techniques, in particular for hydrology applications.

Projects

SMAP - Soil Moisture Active & Passive

SMAP will provide global measurements of soil moisture and its freeze/thaw state.

Professional Experience

Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (2008 - Present)

o Research Scientist, Surface Hydrology Group

European Space Agency, European Space and Technology Research Centre (ESTEC), The Netherlands (2007-2008)

o Postdoctoral Research Fellow

Aalto University (formerly Helsinki University of Technology), Laboratory of Space Technology, Finland (2001-2007)

o Research Associate and Project Manager

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Selected Awards

NASA Early Career Public Achievement Award (2017) NASA Group Achievement Awards (2013, 2016)

Book Chapters

Colliander, A., “Calibration and Validation”, Encyclopedia of Remote Sensing, E. G. Njoku (ed.). Springer, 2014. ISBN: 0387367004.

Peer-Reviewed Publications (21 authored, 50 co-authored)

1. Das, N.N., D. Entekhabi, R.S. Dunbar, M. J. Chaubell, A. Colliander, S. Yueh, T. Jagdhuber, F. Chen, W. Crow, P.E. O’Neill, A. Berg, D. D. Bosch, T. Caldwell, M.H. Cosh, C. Holifield Collins, E. Lopez-Baeza, M. Thibeault, J.P. Walker. (2019). The SMAP and Copernicus Sentinel 1A/B Microwave Active-Passive High Resolution Surface Soil Moisture Product. Remote Sensing of Environment. In Press.

2. Reichle, R., Q. Liu, R.D. Koster, W. Crow, G.J.M. De Lannoy, J.S. Kimball, J.V. Ardizzone, D. Bosch, A. Colliander, M.H. Cosh, J. Kolassa, S.P. Mahanama, J. Prueger, P. Starks, J.P. Walker. (2019). Version 4 of the SMAP Level‐ 4 Soil Moisture Algorithm and Data Product. J. Adv. Modeling Earth Systems. Accepted Article.

3. Colliander, A., Z. Yang, R. Mueller, A. Sandborn, R. Reichle, W. Crow, D. Entekhabi, and

S. Yueh. (2019). Consistency between NASS Surveyed Soil Moisture Conditions and SMAP Soil Moisture Observations. Water Resources Research. Accepted Article.

4. Caldwell, T. G., T. Bongiovanni, M.H. Cosh, T.J. Jackson, A. Colliander, C.J. Abolt, R. Casteel, T. Larson, B.R. Scanlon, M.H. Young. (2019). The Texas Soil Observation Network: A comprehensive soil moisture dataset for remote sensing and land surface model validation. Vadose Zone J. Accepted Paper. doi:10.2136/vzj2019.04.0034

5. Singh, G., N.N. Das, R.K. Panda, A. Colliander, T.J. Jackson, B.P. Mohanty, D. Entekhabi, S.H. Yueh. (2019). Validation of SMAP Soil Moisture Products Using Ground-Based Observations for the Paddy Dominated Tropical Region of India. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Early Access.

6. Chen, F., W.T. Crow, M.H. Cosh, A. Colliander, J. Asanuma, A. Berg, D.D. Bosch, T.G. Caldwell, C. Holifield Collins, K. Høgh Jensen, J. Martínez-Fernández, H. McNairn, P.J. Starks, Z. Su, and J.P. Walker. (2019). Uncertainty of Reference Pixel Soil Moisture Averages Sampled at SMAP Core Validation Sites. J. Hydrometeorology, Vol. 20, pp. 1553-1568.

7. Bin, F., L., Venkat, J. Thomas, R. Bindlish, A. Colliander. (2019). Passive/active

microwave soil moisture change disaggregation using SMAPVEX12. J. Hydrology, Vol. 574, pp. 1085-1098.

8. Colliander, A., M.H. Cosh, S. Misra, T.J. Jackson, W.T. Crow, J. Powers, H. McNairn, P. Bullock, A. Berg, R. Magagi, Y. Gao, R. Bindlish, R. Williamson, I. Ramos, B. Latham, P. O’Neill, S. Yueh. (2019). Comparison of high-resolution airborne soil moisture retrievals to SMAP soil moisture during the SMAP validation experiment 2016 (SMAPVEX16). Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 227, pp. 137-150, 10.1016/j.rse.2019.04.004.

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9. Kim, Y., J.S. Kimball, X. Xu. R.S. Dunbar, A. Colliander, C. Derksen. (2019). Global Assessment of the SMAP Freeze/Thaw Data Record and Regional Applications for Detecting Spring Onset and Frost Events. Remote Sensing, Vol. 11, No. 11, Article No. 1317.

10. Al-Yaari, A., J.P. Wigneron, W. Dorigo, A. Colliander, T. Pellarin, S. Hahn, A. Mialon, P. Richaume, R. Fernandez-Moran, L. Fan, Y.H. Kerr, G. De Lannoy. (2019). Assessment and inter-comparison of recently developed/reprocessed microwave satellite soil moisture products using ISMN ground-based measurements. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 224, pp. 289-303, 10.1016/j.rse.2019.02.008.

11. Cosh, M.H., W.A. White, A. Colliander, T.J. Jackson, J.H. Prueger, B.K. Hornbuckle, E.R.

Hunt, H. McNairn, J. Powers, V.A. Walker, P. Bullock, “Estimating Vegetation Water Content During the Soil Moisture Active Passive Validation Experiment 2016,” J. Appl. Remote Sens., Vol. 13, No. 1, 2019.

12. H.A.K.M. Bhuiyan, H. McNairn, J. Powers, M. Friesen, A. Pacheco, T.J. Jackson, M.H. Cosh, A. Colliander, A. Berg, T. Rowlandson, P. Bullock, and R. Magagi, “Assessing SMAP Soil Moisture Scaling and Retrieval in the Carman (Canada) Study Site,” Vadose Zone J., 2018.

13. Purdy, A.J., J.B. Fisher, M.L. Goulden, A. Colliander, G. Halverson, K. Tu, J.S. Famiglietti,

“Soil Moisture Improves Global Evapotranspiration,” Remote Sens. Environ., Vol. 219, pp. 1-14, 2018.

14. Chen, F., W.T. Crow, R. Bindlish, A. Colliander, M.S. Burgin, J. Asanuma, K. Aida, “Global-Scale Evaluation of SMAP, SMOS and ASCAT Soil Moisture Products using Triple Collocation,” Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 214, pp. 1-13, 2018.

15. Das, N.N., D. Entekhabi, R.S. Dunbar, A. Colliander, F. Chen, W. Crow, T.J. Jackson, A.

Berg, D.D. Bosch, T. Caldwell, M.H. Cosh, C. Holifield Collins, E. Lopez-Baeza, M. Moghaddam, T. Rowlandson, P.J. Starks, M. Thibeault, J.P. Walker, X. Wu, P.E. O’Neill, S. Yueh, E.G. Njoku, “The SMAP Mission Combined Active-Passive Soil Moisture Product at 9 km and 3 km Spatial Resolutions,” Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 211, pp. 204-217, 2018.

16. Rowlandson, T.L., A.A. Berg, A. Roy, E. Kim, R. Pardo Lara, J. Powers, K. Lewis, P. Hauser, K. McDonald, P. Toose, A. Wu, E. De Marco, C. Derksen, J. Entin, A. Colliander, X. Xu, A. Mavrovic, “Capturing Agricultural Soil Freeze/Thaw State Through Remote Sensing and Ground Observations: A Soil Freeze/Thaw Validation Campaign,” Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol 211, pp. 59-70, 2018.

17. Kim, S-B., H. Huang, T-H. Liao, A. Colliander, “Estimating Vegetation Water Content and Soil Surface Roughness Using Physical Models of L-Band Radar Scattering for Soil Moisture Retrieval,” Remote Sensing, Vol. 10, No. 4, 2018

18. Zhang, D., X. Wang, R. van der Velde, P. Ferrazzoli, J. Wen, Z. Wang, M. Schwank, A. Colliander, R. Bindlish, Z. Su., “Impact of surface roughness, vegetation opacity and soil permittivity on L-band microwave emission and soil moisture retrieval in the third pole environment,” Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 209, pp. 633-647, 2018.

19. Zhang, D., R. van der Velde, J. Wen, X. Wang, P. Ferrazzoli, M. Schwank, A. Colliander,

R. Bindlish, “Assessment of the SMAP Soil Emission Model and Soil Moisture Retrieval Algorithms for a Tibetan Desert Ecosystem,” IEEE Trans. Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Early Access, 2018.

20. Colliander, A., T.J. Jackson, S.K. Chan, P. O’Neill, R. Bindlish, M.H. Cosh, T. Caldwell,

J.P. Walker, A. Berg, H. McNairn, M. Thibeault, J. Martinez-Fernandez, K.H. Jensen, J. Asanuma, M.S. Seyfried, D.D. Bosch, P.J. Starks, C. Holifield Collins, J.H. Prueger, Z. Su, E. Lopez-Baeza, S.H. Yueh, “An assessment of the differences between spatial resolution and grid size for the SMAP enhanced soil moisture product over homogeneous sites,“ Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 207, pp. 65-70, 2018.

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21. Zwieback, S., A. Colliander, M. H. Cosh, J. Martinez-Fernandez, H. McNairn, P.J. Starks, M. Thibeault, A. Berg, “Estimating time-dependent vegetation biases in the SMAP soil moisture product,” Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, February 7, 2018.

22. Kolassa, J., R.H. Reichle, Q. Liu, M. Cosh, D.D. Bosch, T.G. Caldwell, A. Colliander, C.

Holifield Collins, T.J. Jackson, S.J. Livingston, M. Moghaddam and P.J. Starks, “Estimating surface soil moisture from SMAP observations using a Neural Network technique,” Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 204, pp. 43-59, 2018.

23. Chan, S.K., R. Bindlish, P. O'Neill, T. Jackson, E. Njoku, S. Dunbar, J. Chaubell, J. Piepmeier, S. Yueh, D. Entekhabi, A. Colliander, F. Chen, M.H. Cosh, T. Caldwell, J. Walker, A. Berg, H. McNairn, M. Thibeault, J. Martínez-Fernández, F. Uldall, M. Seyfried, D. Bosch, P. Starks, C. Holifield Collins, J. Prueger, R. van der Velde, J. Asanuma, M. Palecki, E.E. Small, M. Zreda, J. Calvet, W.T. Crow, Y. Kerr “Development and Assessment of the SMAP Enhanced Passive Soil Moisture Product,” Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 204, pp. 931-941, 2018.

24. Kolassa, J., R.H. Reichle, Q. Liu, M. Cosh, D.D. Bosch, T.G. Caldwell, A. Colliander, C. Holifield Collins, T.J. Jackson, S.J. Livingston, M. Moghaddam and P.J. Starks, “Data Assimilation to Extract Soil Moisture Information from SMAP Observations,” Remote Sensing, Vol. 9, No. 11, 2017.

25. Colliander, A., J.B. Fisher, G. Halverson, O. Merlin, S. Misra, R. Bindlish, T.J. Jackson, S. Yueh, “Spatial Downscaling of SMAP Soil Moisture using MODIS Land Surface Temperature and NDVI during SMAPVEX15,” IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, Vol. 14, No. 11, 2017.

26. Huang, H., T-H. Liao, L. Tsang, E.G. Njoku, A. Colliander, T.J. Jackson, M.S. Burgin, S. Yueh, “Modelling and Validation of Combined Active and Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of Agricultural Vegetation at L-Band” Progress in Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 78, pp. 91-124, 2017.

27. Jones, L.A., J.S. Kimball, R.H. Re,ichle, N. Madani, J. Glassy, J.V. Ardizzone, A. Colliander, J. Cleverly, A.R. Desai, D. Eamus, E.S. Euskirchen, L. Hutley, C. Macfarlane,

R.L. Scott, “The SMAP Level 4 Carbon Product for Monitoring Ecosystem Land-Atmosphere CO2 Exchange,” IEEE Trasn. Geosci. Remote Sens., Early Access.

28. Reichle, R.H., G. J. M. De Lannoy, Q. Liu, J.V. Ardizzone, A. Colliander, A. Conaty, W. Crow, T.J. Jackson, L.A. Jones, J.S. Kimball, R.D. Koster, S.P. Mahanama, E.B. Smith, A. Berg, S. Bircher, D. Bosch, T.G. Caldwell, M. Cosh, Á. González-Zamora, C.D. Holifield Collins, K.H. Jensen, S. Livingston, E. Lopez-Baeza, J. Martínez-Fernández, H. McNairn, M. Moghaddam, A. Pacheco, T. Pellarin, J. Prueger, T. Rowlandson, M. Seyfried, P. Starks, Z. Su, Marc Thibeault, R. van der Velde, J. Walker, X. Wu, and Y. Zeng, “Assessment of the SMAP Level-4 Surface and Root-Zone Soil Moisture Product Using In Situ Measurements”, J. Hydromet., In Press.

29. Huang, H., L. Tsang, E. G. Njoku, A. Colliander, T-H. Liao, K-H. Ding, “Propagation and Scattering by a Layer of Randomly Distributed Dielectric Cylinders using Monte Carlo Simulations of 3D Maxwell Equations with Applications in Microwave Interactions with Vegetation”, IEEE Access, Vol. 5, No. 1, December 2017.

30. Colliander, A., M.H. Cosh, S. Misra, T.J. Jackson, W.T. Crow, S. Chan, R. Bindlish, C. Chae, C. Holifield Collins, S.H. Yueh, “Validation and Scaling of Soil Moisture in a Semi-Arid Environment: SMAP Validation Experiment 2015 (SMAPVEX15),” Remote Sensing of Environment, 196, 101-112, 2017.

31. Wrona, E., T.L. Rowlandson, M. Nambiar, A.A. Berg, A. Colliander, P. Marsh, “Validation of the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Satellite Soil Moisture Retrieval in an Arctic Tundra Environment,” Geophys. Res. Lett., In Press, 2017.

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32. Derksen, C., X. Xu, R.S. Dunbar, A. Colliander, Y. Kim, J. Kimball, A. Black, E. Euskirchen, A. Langlois, M. Loranty, P. Marsh, K. Rautiainen, A. Roy, “Retrieving Landscape Freeze/Thaw State from Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Radar and Radiometer Measurements,” Remote Sensing of Environment, 194, 48-62, 2017.

33. Cai, X., M. Pan, N. Chaney, A. Colliander, S. Misra, M. Cosh, W. Crow, T. Jackson, E.J. Wood, “Validation of SMAP Soil Moisture for the SMAPVEX15 Field Campaign using a Hyper-Resolution Model,” Water Resources Research, In Press, 2017.

34. Colliander, A., J.T. Jackson, R. Bindlish, S. Chan, S.B. Kim, M.H. Cosh, R.S. Dunbar, L.

Dang, L. Pashaian, J. Asanuma, K. Aida, A. Berg, T. Rowlandson, D. Bosch, T. Caldwell, K. Caylor, D. Goodrich, H. al Jassar, E. Lopez-Baeza, J. Martinez-Fernandez, A. Gonzalez-Zamora, S. Livingston, H. McNairn, A. Pacheco, M. Moghaddam, C. Montzka, C. Notarnicola, G. Niedrist, T. Pellarin, J. Prueger, J. Pulliainen, K. Rautiainen, J. Ramos, M. Seyfried, P. Starks, Z. Su, Y. Zeng, R. van der Velde, M. Thibeault, W. Dorigo, M. Vreugdenhil, J.P. Walker, X. Wu, A. Monerris, P.E. O’Neill, D. Entekhabi, E.G. Njoku, S. Yueh, “Validation of SMAP surface soil moisture products with core validation sites,” Rem. Sens. Env., Vol. 191, pp. 215-231, 2017.

35. Kim, S.B., J. J. van Zyl, J. T. Johnson, M. Moghaddam, L. Tsang, A. Colliander, R. S. Dunbar, T. J. Jackson, S. Jaruwatanadilok, R. West, A. A. Berg, T. G. Caldwell, D. C. Goodrich, S. Livingston, E. Lopez-Baeza, T. Rowlandson, M. Thibeault, J. P. Walker, D. Entekhabi, E. G. Njoku, P. O'Neill, and S. H. Yueh, "Surface Soil Moisture Retrieval using the L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar Onboard the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Satellite and Evaluation at Core Validation Sites," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., Vol. 55, No. 4, pp. 1897-1914, 2017.

36. Ouellette, J.D., J.T. Johnson, A. Balenzano, F. Mattia, G. Satalino, S-B. Kim, R.S. Dunbar, A. Colliander, M.H. Cosh, T.G. Caldwell, J.P. Walker, A.A. Berg, “A Time-Series Approach to Estimating Soil Moisture from Vegetated Surfaces using L-band Radar Backscatter,” IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens., 2017, In Press.

37. Burgin, M.S., A. Colliander, E.G. Njoku, S.K. Chan, F. Cabot, Y. Kerr, R. Bindlish, T.

Jackson, “A Comparative Study of the SMAP Passive Soil Moisture Product with Existing Satellite-Based Soil Moisture Products,” IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens., Vol. 55, No. 5, pp. 2959-2971, 2017.

38. Chen, F., W.T. Crow, A. Colliander, et al., Application of Triple Collocation in Ground-

Based Validation of Soil Moisture Active/Passive (SMAP) Level 2 Data Products, IEEE J. Sel. Topics App. Earth Obs. Rem., Sens., Vol. 10, No. 2, 2017.

39. Leroux, D.J., N.N. Das, D. Entekhabi, A. Colliander, E.G. Njoku, R.S. Dunbar, S.H. Yueh, “Active-Passive Disaggregation of Brightness Temperature during the SMAPVEX12 Campaign,” IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens., Vol. 54, No. 12, pp. 6859-6867, 2016.

40. Shellito, P.J., E.E. Small, A. Colliander, R. Bindlish, M.H. Cosh, A.A. Berg, D.D. Bosch,

T.G. Caldwell, D.C. Goodrich, H. McNairn, J.H. Prueger, P.J. Starks, R. van der Velde, J.P. Walker, “SMAP Soil Moisture Drying More Rapid Than Observed In Situ Following Rainfall Events,” Geophys. Res. Lett., Vol. 43, pp. 8068-8075, 2016.

41. Colliander, A., E.G. Njoku, T.J. Jackson, S. Chazanoff, H. McNairn, J. Powers, M.H. Cosh,

“Retrieving soil moisture for non-forested areas using PALS radiometer measurements in SMAPVEX12 field campaign,” Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 184, pp. 86-100, 2016.

42. Chan, S.K., R. Bindlish, P.E. O’Neill, E.G. Njoku, T.J. Jackson, A. Colliander, et al., “Assessment of the SMAP Passive Soil Moisture Product,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 54, No. 8, pp. 2016.

43. Xu, X., Derksen, C., Yueh, S.H., Dunbar, R.S., Colliander, A., “Freeze/Thaw Detection and

Validation Using Aquarius’ L-Band Backscattering Data,” IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observation and Remote Sensing, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 1370-1381, 2016.

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44. Leroux, D. J., Das, N. D., Entekhabi, D., Colliander, A., Njoku, E. G., Jackson, T., Yueh, S., “Active-Passive Soil Moisture Retrievals During the SMAP Validation Experiment 2012,” IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 475-479, 2016.

45. Aksoy, M., Johnson, J. T., Misra, S., Colliander, A., O’Dwyer, I., “L-Band Radio-Frequency

Interference Observations During the SMAP Validation Experiment 2012,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Early Access, 2015.

46. Manns, H. R., Berg, A. A., Colliander, A., Soil Organic Carbon as a Factor in Passive Microwave Retrievals of Soil Water Content over Grain Fields, Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 528, pp. 643-651, 2015.

47. Colliander, A., Dinnat, E., Le Vine, D., Chae, C-S., Kainulainen, J., “Assessing Long Term

Stability of SMOS Zero-Baseline Antenna Temperature using the Aquarius Antenna Temperature Simulator”, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, Vol. 12, No. 8, August 2015.

48. Colliander, A., Jackson, T., McNairn, H., Chazanoff, S., Dinardo, S., Latham, B., O’Dwyer,

I., Chun, W., Yueh, S., Njoku, E., “Comparison of Airborne Passive and Active L-band System (PALS) Brightness Temperature Measurements to SMOS Observations during the SMAP Validation Experiment 2012 (SMAPVEX12), “ IEEE Geoscience Remote Sensing Letters, Vol. 12, No. 4, April 2015.

49. McNairn, H., Jackson, T., Wiseman, G., Belair, S., Berg, A., Bullock, P., Colliander, A., Cosh, M., Kim, S., Magagi, R., Moghaddam, M., Adams, J., Homayouni, S., Ojo, E., Rowlandson, T., Shang, J., Goita, K., Hosseini, M., “The Soil Moisture Active Passive Validation Experiment 2012 (SMAPVEX12): Pre-Launch Calibration and Validation of the SMAP Satellite”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 53, No. 5, May 2015.

50. Martens, B., Lievens, H., Colliander, A., Jackson, T., Verhoest, N. E. C., “Estimating effective roughness parameters of the L-MEB model for soil moisture retrievals from passive microwave observations”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 53, No. 7, July 2015.

51. Das, N., Entekhabi, D., Njoku, E., Shi, J., Johnson, J., Colliander, A., “Tests of the SMAP Combined Radar and Radiometer Algorithm Using Airborne Field Campaign Observations and Simulated Data”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 52, No. 4, April 2014.

52. Das, N. N., Colliander, A., Chan, S. K., Njoku, E. G., Li, L., “Intercomparisons of Brightness Temperature Observations Over Land From AMSR-E and WindSat,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 52, No. 1, January 2014.

53. Colliander, A., Xu, X., “Normalized Residual Scattering Index Applied to Aquarius L-band

Measurements”, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letter, vol. 10, no. 4, July 2013.

54. Magagi, R., Berg, A., Goïta, K., Belair, S., Jackson, T., Toth, B., Walker, A., McNairn, H., O’Neill, P., Moghaddam, M., Gherboudj, I., Colliander, A., Cosh, M., Belanger, J., Burgin, M., Fisher, J. B., Kim, S-B., B.-Rousseau, L-P., Djamaï, N., Shang, J., Merzouki A., “Canadian Experiment for Soil Moisture in 2010 (CanEX-SM10): Overview and Preliminary Results”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 51, no. 1, January 2013.

55. Colliander, A., “Analysis of Coincident L-Band Radiometer and Radar Measurements With

Respect to Soil Moisture and Vegetation Conditions”, European Journal of Remote Sensing, vol. 45, pp. 111-120, 2012.

56. Colliander, A., Chan, S., Kim, S., Das, N., Yueh, S., Cosh, M., Bindlish, R., Jackson, T., Njoku, E., “Long Term Analysis of PALS Soil Moisture Campaign Measurements for Global Soil Moisture Algorithm Development”, Remote Sensing of Environment, vol. 121, pp. 309-322, 2012.

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57. Colliander, A., McDonald, K., Zimmermann, R., Schroeder, R., Kimball, J., Njoku, E., "Application of QuikSCAT Backscatter to SMAP Validation Planning: Freeze/Thaw State over ALECTRA Sites in Alaska from 2000 to 2007", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 50, no. 2, February 2012.

58. Kainulainen, J., Colliander, A., Close, J., Martin-Neira, M., Oliva, R., Buenadicha, G., Rubiales Alcaine, P., Hakkarainen, A., Hallikainen, M. T., “Radiometric Performance of the SMOS Reference Radiometers - Assessment After One Year of Operation”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 50, no. 5, May 2012.

59. Colliander, A., Närhi, T., de Maagt, P., “Modeling and Analysis of Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Interferometric Radiometers Using Noise Waves”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 48, no. 9, September 2010.

60. Colliander, A., Martin-Neira, M., Closa, J., Benito, J., “Pre-Launch Estimation of

Radiometric Resolution and Stability of SMOS Zero-Baseline Radiometer in Anechoic Chamber”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 48, no. 3, March 2010.

61. Kainulainen, J., Lemmetyinen, J., Rautiainen, K., Colliander, A., Uusitalo, J., Lahtinen, J.,

“Error Propagation in Calibration Networks of Synthetic Aperture Radiometers”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 47, no. 9, September 2009.

62. Colliander, A., Corbella, I., Torres, F., “Correlation Denormalization in Interferometric or Polarimetric Radiometers: A Unified Approach”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 561-568, February 2009.

63. Brown, M., Corbella, I., Torres, F., Colliander, A., “SMOS Calibration”, IEEE Transactions

on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 646-658, March 2008.

64. Colliander, A., Ylä-Oijala, P., "Electromagnetic Scattering from Rough Surface Using

Single Integral Equation and Adaptive Integral Method", IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 55, no. 12, pp. 3639-3646, December 2007

65. Lemmetyinen, J., Uusitalo, J., Kainulainen, J., Rautiainen, K., Fabritius, N., Levander, M., Kangas, V., Greus, H., Pihlflyckt, J., Kontu, A., Kemppainen, S., Colliander, A.,

Hallikainen, M.T., Lahtinen, J., "SMOS Calibration Subsystem", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 45, no. 11, pp. 3691-3700, November 2007

66. Colliander, A., Ruokokoski, L., Suomela, J., Veijola, K., Kettunen, J., Kangas, V., Aalto, A., Levander, A., Greus, H., Hallikainen, M., Lahtinen, J., "Development and Calibration of SMOS Reference Radiometer", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 45, no. 7, pp. 1967-1977, July 2007

67. Colliander, A., Lahtinen, J., Tauriainen, S., Pihlflyckt, J., Lemmetyinen, J., Hallikainen, M., "Sensitivity of Airborne 36.5-GHz Polarimetric Radiometer's Wind-Speed Measurement to Incidence Angle", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 45, no. 7, pp. 2122-2129, July 2007.

68. Colliander, A., Kettunen, J., Hallikainen, M. T., "Calibration of End-to-end Phase Imbalance of Polarimetric Radiometers", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 44, no. 10, pp. 2635-2641, Oct. 2006.

69. Corbella, I., Torres, F., Camps, A., Duffo, N., Vall-llossera, M., Rautiainen, K., Martín-Neira, M., Colliander, A., "Analysis of Correlation and Total Power Radiometer Front-Ends Using Noise Waves" , IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 43, no. 11, pp. 2452-2459, Nov 2005.

70. Colliander, A., Tauriainen, S., Auer, T., Kainulainen, J., Uusitalo, J., Toikka, M.,

Hallikainen, M., "MIRAS Reference Radiometer: A Fully Polarimetric Noise Injection Radiometer", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 1135-1143, May 2005.

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71. Corbella, I., Torres, F., Camps, A., Colliander, A., Martín-Neira, M., Ribó, S., Rautiainen, K., Duffo, N., Vall-llossera, M., "MIRAS End-to-End Calibration. Application to SMOS L1 Processor", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 1126-1134, May 2005.

Other Articles:

1. Rodriguez-Fernandez, N., A. Al Bitar, A. Colliander, T. Zhao, “Soil Moisture Remote

Sensing across Scales,” Editorial, Remote Sens., Vol. 11, 2019.

2. Colliander, A., D. McKague, “The Microwave Radiometer Working Group,” IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine, September 2016.

Invited Conference Presentations:

1. “SMAP Measurements of Frozen and Thawed Soil,” URSI General Assembly and Science Symposium 2017, Montreal, Canada, August 19-26, 2017

2. “PALS Soil Moisture Measurements in SMAPVEX15,” National Radio Science Meeting 2016, Boulder, CO, January 6-9, 2016.

3. “SMAP L2/L3 Soil Moisture Product Validation using In Situ Based Core Validation Sites,” ASA, CSSA, SSSA, International Annual Meetings 2015, Minneapolis, MN, November 15-18, 2015.

4. “Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radiometers: An Overview”, IEEE International

Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, July 24-29, 2011.

5. “Calibration of Microwave Radiometers: An Overview”, IEEE International Geoscience and

Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2010, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, July 25-30, 2010.

6. “Satellite radiometer pre-launch sensitivity estimation using anechoic chamber and channel inter-comparison”, IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2009, Cape Town, South-Africa, July 12-17, 2009.

7. "Ground Calibration of SMOS: NIR and CAS", IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2007, Barcelona, Spain, July 23-27, 2007.

8. "Reference Radiometer of SMOS: Development and Calibration", IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2006, Denver, Colorado, USA, July 31-August 4, 2006.

Articles in International Conference Proceedings (up to 2017)

1. Colliander, A., T.J. Jackson, M. Cosh, S. Misra, R. Bindlish, J. Powers, H. McNairn, P. Bullock, A. Berg, R. Magagi, P. O'Neill, S. Yueh, “Soil moisture retrieval with airborne PALS instrument over agricultural areas in SMAPVEX16,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

2. O'Neill, P., S. Chan, R. Bindlish, T.J. Jackson, A. Colliander, S. Dunbar, F. Chen, J.

Piepmeier, S. Yueh, D. Entekhabi, M. Cosh, T. Caldwell, J. Walker, X. Wu, A. Berg, T. Rowlandson, A. Pacheco, H. McNairn, M. Thibeault, J. Martínez-Fernández, Á. González-Zamora, E. Lopez-Baeza, F. Udall, M. Seyfried, D. Bosch, P. Starks, C. Holifield, J. Prueger, Z. Su, R. van der Velde, J. Asanuma, M. Palecki, E. Small, M. Zreda, J-C. Calvet, W. Crow, Y. Kerr, “Assessment of version 4 of the SMAP passive soil moisture standard product,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

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3. Chakrabarti, S., P-W. Liu, J. Judge, A. Rangarajan, R. De Roo, R. Bindlish, A. Colliander, S. Misra, S. Tripp, B. Latham, R. Williamson, I. Ramos, T.J. Jackson, A. England, S. Ranka, S. Yueh, “A spatio-temporal data fusion algorithm for estimating high-resolution soil moisture in agricultural regions,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

4. Huang, H., L. Tsang, E. G. Njoku, A. Colliander, “A new vegetation model based on

numerical 3D solutions of maxwell equations,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

5. Gao, Y., A. Colliander, M.S. Burgin, J.P. Walker, C.S. Chae, E. Dinnat, M.H. Cosh, “Multi-frequency radiometer-based soil moisture retrieval algorithm parametrization using in situ validation sites,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

6. Chae, C.S., A. Colliander, M. Burgin, E.P. Dinnat, “Intercomparison of brightness temperature measurements from SMAP and SMOS radiometers,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

7. Xu, X., C. Derksen, R. Scott Dunbar, A. Colliander, J. Kimball, Y. Kim, “Landscape freeze/thaw standerd and enhanced products from soil moisture active/passive (SMAP) radiometer data,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

8. Chew, C., A. Colliander, R. Shah, C. Zuffada, M. Burgin, “The sensitivity of ground-reflected GNSS signals to near-surface soil moisture, as recorded by spaceborne receivers,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

9. Chan, S., R. Bindlish, P. O'Neill, T. Jackson, J. Chaubell, J. Piepmeier, S. Dunbar, A. Colliander, F. Chen, D. Entekhabi, S. Yueh, M. Cosh, T. Caldwell, J. Walker, X. Wu, A.

Berg, T. Rowlandson, A. Pacheco, H. McNairn, M. Thibeault, J. Martínez-Fernández, Á. González-Zamora, E. Lopez-Baeza, F. Uldall, M. Seyfried, D. Bosch, P. Starks, C. Holifield Collins, J. Prueger, Z. Su, R. van der Velde, J. Asanuma, M. Palecki, E. Small, M. Zreda, J-C. Calvet, W. Crow, Y. Kerr, “Development and validation of the SMAP enhanced passive soil moisture product,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

10. Liu, P-W., J. Judge, S. Chakrabarti, R. DeRoo, S. Steele-Dunne, B. Hornbuckle, A. Colliander, S. Misra, S. Tripp, B. Latham, R. Williamson, I. Ramos, S. Yueh, A. England,

“Spatial variability in microwave radiometric signatures of growing corn and soybean during SMAPVEX16-microwex, “Sentinel-1 high resolution soil moisture,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

11. Mattia, F., A. Balenzano, G. Satalino, F. Lovergine, A. Loew, J. Peng, U. Wegmuller, M. Santoro, O. Cartus, K. Dabrowska-Zielinska, J. Musial, M. W. J. Davidson, S. Yueh, S. Kim, N. Das, A. Colliander, J. Johnson, J. Ouellette, J. Walker, X. Wu, H. McNairn, A. Merzouki, J. Powers, T. Caldwell, D. Entekhabi, M. Cosh, T. Jackson, “Sentinel-1 high resolution soil moisture,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

12. Neelam, M., A. Colliander, B.P. Mohanty, T.J. Jackson, M.H. Cosh, S. Misra, “Multi-scale surface roughness model for soil moisture retrieval,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

13. Bindlish, R., T.J. Jackson, S. Chan, A. Colliander, Y. Kerr, Integration of SMAP and SMOS

L-band observations,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

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14. Fang, B., V. Lakshmi, R. Bindlish, T. Jackson, M. Cosh, A. Colliander, “Passive/active microwave soil moisture disaggregation using SMAP data,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

15. Das, N.N., D. Entekhabi, S. Kim, T. Jagdhuber, S. Dunbar, S. Yueh, A. Colliander, “High-resolution enhanced product based on SMAP active-passive approach using Sentinel 1 data and its applications,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

16. Das, N.N., D. Entekhabi, S. Kim, T. Jagdhuber, S, Dunbar, S. Yueh, A. Colliander, “High-resolution enhanced product based on SMAP active-passive approach using sentinel 1A and 1B SAR data,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2017, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, July 23-28, 2017.

17. Huang, H., T-H. Liao, L. Tsang, E. G. Njoku, A. Colliander, T. Jackson, and S. Yueh, “Combined Active and Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture for Vegetated Surface at L-band,” IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2016, Beijing, China, July 10-15, 2016.

18. Colliander, A., Kainulainen, J., Dinnat, E., Chae, C-S., Torres, F., Corbella, I., Oliva, R., Martin-Neira, M., “Advances in Calibration of the SMOS Zero-Baseline Radiometers,” 13th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment, Pasadena, California, March 24-27, 2014.

19. Colliander, A., et al., “Airborne Active and Passive L-band Measurements using PALS Instrument in SMAPVEX12 Soil Moisture Field Campaign”, SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing, SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing 2012, Kyoto, Japan, October 29 - November 1, 2012.

20. Colliander, A., Dinnat, E., Le Vine, D., Kainulainen, J., “Synthesizing SMOS Zero-Baseline with Aquarius Brightness Temperature Simulator”, IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2012, Munich, Germany, July 22-27, 2012.

21. Colliander, A., McDonald, K., Zimmermann, R., Podest, E., Schroeder, R. Kimball, J.,

Njoku, E., “Active and Passive Multi-Scale Microwave Remote Sensing of the Alaska Ecological Transect: Application to SMAP Freeze/Thaw State Validation Planning”, IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, July 24-20, 2011.

22. Colliander, A., McKague, D., “Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Microwave Radiometers: An Overview”, IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, July 24-20, 2011.

23. Bindlish, R., Jackson, T., Zhao, T., Cosh, M., Chan, S., O’Neill, P., Njoku, E., Colliander, A., Kerr, Y., Shi, J. C., “Evaluation of SMAP Level 2 Soil Moisture Algorithms using SMOS Data”, IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2011, Vancouver, Canada, July 24-20, 2011.

24. Colliander, A., McDonald, K., Zimmermann, R., Linke, T., Schroeder, R., Kimball, J.,

“QuikSCAT Backscatter Sensitivity to Landscape Freeze/Thaw State over ALECTRA Sites in Alaska from 2000 to 2007: Application to SMAP Validation Planning”, IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2010, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, July 25-30, 2010.

25. Colliander, A., Kim, S., Yueh, S., Cosh, M., Jackson, T., Njoku, E., “Azimuthal Signature of Coincidental Brightness Temperature and Normalized Radar Cross-section Obtained Using Airborne PALS Instrument”, Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium PIERS 2010, Cambridge, MA, USA, July 5-8, 2010.

26. Colliander, A., Chan, S., Yueh, S., Cosh, M., Bindlish, R., Jackson, T., Njoku, E., “Utilization of Airborne and In Situ Data Obtained in SGP99, SMEX02, CLASIC and

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SMAPVEX08 Field Campaigns for SMAP Soil Moisture Algorithm Development and Validation”, MicroRad 2010 - 11th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing for the Environment, Washington D.C, USA, March 1-4, 2010.

27. Kainulainen, J., Colliander, A., “In-orbit performance of the SMOS reference radiometers -

results from the early commissioning phase”, MicroRad 2010 - 11th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing for the Environment, Washington D.C, USA, March 1-4, 2010.

28. Colliander, A., Martin-Neira, M., Closa, J., Benito, J., “Satellite radiometer pre-launch

sensitivity estimation using anechoic chamber and channel inter-comparison”, IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2009, Cape Town, South-Africa, July 12-17, 2009.

29. Kangas, V., Colliander, A., “Receiver as a Radiometer Calibration Target”, IEEE

International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2009, Cape Town, South-Africa, July 12-17, 2009.

30. Kangas, V., Colliander, A., “Use of Receiver as a Calibration Target”, Microwave Technology and Techniques Workshop 2008, ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, May 5-6, 2008.

31. Colliander, A., de Maagt, P., Närhi, T., “Polarimetric Interferometric Radiometers: Analysis

of Front-end Non-idealities”, MicroRad 2008 - 10th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing for the Environment, Florence, Italy, March 11-14, 2008

32. Colliander, A., Lemmetyinen, J., Uusitalo, J., Suomela, J., Veijola, K., Kontu, A., Kemppainen, S., Pihlflyckt, J., Rautiainen, K., Hallikainen, M., Lahtinen, J., "Ground Calibration of SMOS: NIR and CAS", IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2007, Barcelona, Spain, July 23-27, 2007

33. Christensen, J., Carlström, A., Ekström, H., Emrich, A., Embretsen, J., de Maagt, P., Colliander, A., "GAS: the Geostationary Atmospheric Sounder", IEEE International

Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2007, Barcelona, Spain, July 23-27, 2007

34. Kemppainen, S., Lemmetyinen, J., Auer, T., Colliander, A., Aalto, A., Rautiainen, K., Hallikainen, M., "Thermal Stabilized Front-end PCB with Active Cold Calibration Load for L-band Radiometer", IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2007, Barcelona, Spain, July 23-27, 2007

35. Lahtinen, J., Piironen, P., Colliander, A., Martin-Neira, M., "Improved Receiver Architecture for Future L-Band Radiometer Missions", IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2007, Barcelona, Spain, July 23-27, 2007

36. Colliander, A., Ruokokoski, L., Suomela, J., Veijola, K., Kettunen, J., Kangas, V.,

Levander, M., Greus, H., Hallikainen, M., Lahtinen, J., "Reference Radiometer of SMOS: Development and Calibration", IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2006, Denver, Colorado, USA, July 31-August 4, 2006

37. Colliander, A., Suomela, J., Veijola, K., Kettunen, J., Ruokokoski, L., Kangas, V., Lahtinen,

J., Hallikainen, M., "Ground Calibration of Flight Models of Reference Radiometer of MIRAS", MicroRad 2006 - 9th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing for the Environment, San Juan, Puerto Rico, February 28-March 3, 2006

38. Colliander, A., Suomela, J., Ruokokoski, L., Kangas, V., Aalto, A., Lahtinen, J.,

Hallikainen, M., "Temperature Variation Compensation in Engineering Model of MIRAS Reference Radiometer" , IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2005, Seoul, South-Korea, July 25-29, 2005

39. Colliander, A., Lahtinen, J., Tauriainen, S., Pihlflyckt, J., Lemmetyinen, J., Hallikainen, M.,

"Airborne Ocean Wind Vector Measurement using 36.5 GHz Profiling Polarimetric

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Radiometer", IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2005, Seoul, South-Korea, July 25-29, 2005

40. Kettunen, J., Colliander, A., Hallikainen, M., "Linearly Polarized Antenna Load for Calibration of End-to-End Phase Difference of Polarimetric Radiometer Receivers", IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2005, Seoul, South-Korea, July 25-29, 2005

41. Lahtinen, J., Ruokokoski, L., Colliander, A., Kangas, V., Aalto, A., Levander, M., Greus, H., "Reference Radiometer for Interferometric Radiometry from Space", IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2005, Seoul, South-Korea, July 25-29, 2005

42. Colliander, A., Tauriainen, S., Auer, T., Uusitalo, J., Toikka, M., Hallikainen, M., "Evaluation of In-orbit Temperature Variation on Performance of MIRAS Prototype Noise Injection Radiometer", IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2004, Anchorage, Alaska, USA, September 20-24, 2004

43. Colliander, A., Ylä-Oijala, P., Pulliainen, J., "Electromagnetic Scattering from Ocean Surface Using Single Integral Equation and Adaptive Integral Method", IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2004, Anchorage, Alaska, USA, September 20-24, 2004

44. Corbella, I., Torres, F., Camps, A., Duffo N., Vall-llossera M, Rautiainen, K., Colliander, A., "Systematic Noise Analysis of a Correlation Radiometer Front-End", IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2004, Anchorage, Alaska, USA, September 20-24, 2004

45. Colliander, A., Tauriainen, S., Auer, T., Kainulainen, J., Uusitalo, J., Toikka, M., Hallikainen, M., "Calibration of Fully Polarimetric Noise Injection Radiometer of MIRAS", MicroRad 2004 - 8th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing for the Environment, Rome, Italy, February 24-27, 2004

46. Colliander, A., Tauriainen, S., Auer, T., Kainulainen, J., Uusitalo, J., Toikka, M., Hallikainen, M., "Development and Characterisation of Fully Polarimetric Noise Injection Radiometer for MIRAS", IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS 2003, Toulouse, France, July 21-25 2003