Ancient Rome and the Rise of Christianity 1. Warm up What items make up the Christian Bible? Why did...
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Ancient Rome and the Rise of Christianity
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Warm up
• What items make up the Christian Bible?
• Why did authorities arrest Jesus and sentence him to death?
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• The New Testament and the books of the Hebrew Bible.
• His popularity made them fear political uprisings.
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Christianity
- Early on in Pax Romana, a new religion, Christianity emerged in a distant corner of the Empire- Many different religions
in the empire- By 63 B.C., Romans had
conquered Judea where most Jewish people lived.
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Christianity
• Romans allowed Jewish people to worship their one god
• Many Jews reluctantly lived under Roman rule, however, some wanted a revolt against Rome and believed a messiah would come to lead their people to freedom
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Jesus
-Born in 4 B.C. in Bethlehem -worshipped God and followed Jewish law-at 30 began preaching to villagers, used parables-short stories with simple moral lessons to communicate his ideas-Recruited 12 disciples to help him spread his ideas, called apostles, in Jerusalem-Some Jews in Jerusalem welcomed Jesus, many of the priests felt he threatened their leadership-Roman authorities felt Jesus would lead the Jews in a revolt against their rule
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Death of Jesus-According to the gospels, Jesus was betrayed by one of his disciples, arrested by the Romans, and killed by crucifixion-a person was bound to a cross and left to die
-Rumors then spread that Jesus had not died but had risen from death and commanded his disciples to spread his teachings-After the disciples reported he ascended into heaven
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Christianity Spreads
-Followers called Christians-Disciples preach the messages of Christianity throughout the Roman world-Peter established Christianity in Rome itself-Paul played the most influential role in spreading Christianity
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He spread Christianity throughout the Mediterranean
-His letters became part of the New Testament in the Bible
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Christians Oppressed• Romans were not tolerant towards Christians because:
• they refused to honor the emperor with sacrifices• they refused to worship Roman gods to protect the
state• Christians were used as scapegoats, blamed for social
and economic problems
• Many Christians became martyrs- or people who suffer or die for their beliefs
• However, Christianity continued to spread due to the fact that all people were welcome
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Early Christian Church- Emperor Constantine issued the Edict of Milan in A.D.
313.
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- The Edict granted freedom of worship to all citizens of the Roman empire
- By the end of the century, Emperor Theodosius made Christianity the official religion of the Roman empire
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Structure of the ChurchThe Christian Clergy
Bishop Bishop Bishop
Pope/Patriarch
DiocesePriest
+Community
DiocesePriest
+Community
DiocesePriest
+Community
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Group work
• In groups of 2 (the person sitting next to you) you are to read the Gospel of Matthew (184-185).
• Each group will discuss and record the following: Genre, subject, author’s point of view, and the final paragraph’s main point.
• Write a paragraph evaluating the significance of this writing as documentation of this event in Jesus’s life.
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