Fibers are fine,long pieces of natural or synthetic material.They are used for making threads,yarns,and cloth.

Fibers used for making textiles are natural or synthetic.

Natural fibers are from nature while the synthetic fibers are made by mixing other substances.

Natural fibers are made from animals,plants and minerals.

Animals and plants• Animals for making fibers are :• Silk worm Angora rabbit • Cashemere goats Pashmina goats• Alpaca Llama• Sheep lamb• Plants for making cloths :• Cotton linen• Synthetic textiles are made from petroleum and other

chemicals.• *There are other animals that can be used but the process is

very expensive.

ANCIENT MACHINE FOR MAKING THREAD

ANCIENT TEXTILE PRODUCTION

WOOL

• Wool is the first fiber that man transformed in threads and cloths to make clothe. The wool is taken from lamb,sheep,llama ,alpaca,goats,rabbits and others. These animals grow in cold places and the colder the place the more fur they produce. This is cut once a year after winter.

1. Warm2. Fibers not stable- shrinks3. Burns easily4. Elastic5. Durability6. Doesn’t get dirty easily

Wool is used in quilts,coats, sweaters,gloves,hats,scarves since it is an extremely warm cloth.

Alpaca- Ecuador

SILK

SILKSilk is produced by a worm. The first ones to cultivate the silk worm were the Chinese. There are two types of silk: the natural silk and the cultivated silk. The worms of each type of silk are feed with different types of plants.

• shiny

• soft

• elastic

• doesn’t shrink

• burns easily

• changes color when ironed

Silk is used in handkerchiefs , shirts,ribbons and dresses.The most common silk cloths are crepe,chiffon,tafetan,georgette and organdi.

COTTON

COTTON• extremely resistant • can be washed easily• can be ironed at high temperatures. • too much wash , too much sun can fade its

color.• wrinkles easily

DIFFERENT COTTON CLOTHSFROM COTTON MANY CLOTHS ARE MADE .THESE ARE SOME OF THEM.• DACRON• T-SHIRT• JEAN• DANRIVER• TOWEL• FLANNEL• TROPICAL

LINEN

LINEN

This plant fiber is obtained from the stems of the linen plant .The stem is straight and measures 3 feet high. linen is one of the oldest textiles. Some pieces of linen have been found in Egyptian mummies.

It is resistent to high temperature and it can wrinkle very fast.It is very absorbent.

It is used in suits,dresses and table cloth.

SYNTHETIC FABRICS

RAYON

Its prime material is wood pulp. It is a semi- synthetic textile. It’s similar to silk.

• resistant to wear and sun

• easily affected by acids

• can be ironed at high temperatures

• burns easily

• lustruous

• Absorbent

• soft

Rayon is used in dresses and shirts. It is also used in cloths of domestic use. Has medical and surgical uses.

NYLON:

It is made up of resines mixed with carbon ,air and water.

• resistent

• doesn’t have absorbency.

• can’t resist any heat when ironed.

• excellent durability

• bleach doesn’t affect its color.

Used in shirts, dresses, panty hoses, women’s interior clothe,and in furniture.

•Study up to here

LYCRA :

• It is an elastic fiber

• not absorbent

• durability

• resists bleach and sun

• dries very fast

Used in swimming suits, sportcloth, socks and interior cloths.

POLIESTERTHIS SYNTHETIC FABRIC IS MADE FROM PETROLEUM.

• it never wrinkles • has electric statics• dries very fast• lots of durability • very resistent• burns very fast USED IN CURTAINS ,BED CLOTH ,SHIRTS,PANTS,AND DRESSES.

FLAMMABLE CLOTHSAll these synthetic cloths mentioned previously are flammable.Flammable means that these are textiles that can burn easily.Most of them are wrinkle free especially poliester.But if they need to be ironed it should be done in very low temperatures and carefully.That’s why firefighters or firemen uniforms are made of a special cloth resistant to fire .Though they are made from synthetic cloths they have some other chemicals that make them resist fire to some extent.Theaters ,audutoriums, and other places that gather large crowds have curtains made from cloths that do not burn easily. It is done this way in case a fire occurs.

DURABILITY• When we talk about durability we talk about something

lasting for a long time. The majority of cloths have durability especially when good care is given to it.

• Most of them do not fade their color even when they are exposed frequently to the sun. . Time passes by and they keep the same shape even when they are washed several times. This always happens with the synthetic cloths like poliester lycra,nylon, and rayon

TECHNOLOGY 7 th grade

• Piñata 30 pts.

• Cooking Lab 10 pts

• Partial exam 30 pts.

• QUIZ 10 PTS.

• Album 10 pts.

• Poster 10 pts.

RUBRICCloth Album 10pts.Front page 5 pages :1 page with 5 samples of cotton2 pages with 4 samples of natural cloths2 pages with 4 samples of synthetic clothes

Include names of each.Use ruler and cut nicely.

• Chart :10 pts.

• TITLE. SPELLING ,NEATNESS 6 PTS.

•

• CLOTHS 4 pts.

•

• Cooking Lab: 10 pts. Bringing cap and apron: 3 pts.

• Bringing materials : 3 pts.

• Following instructions : 4 pts.