Ancient Greek Philosophers
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Transcript of Ancient Greek Philosophers
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Ancient Greek Philosophers
Wednesday April 2nd andThursday April 3rd
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Philosophy• Philosophers are people who
believe that their knowledge and wisdom could be used to understand the world around them
• Did not believe the gods and goddesses were the causes of natural events
• There were many Ancient Greek philosophers who focused on studying:o Natureo Mathematicso Astronomyo Understanding the meaning
of Justice and Courageo Understanding the way
people think
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Philosopher #1: Thales
• Known for his work in astronomy, geometry and his study in nature
• Accurately predicted a solar eclipse
• Believed that water was the basic material of the worldo All things are made
from water
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Philosopher #2: Democritus
• Known as the ‘laughing philosopher’ due to the importance that he put on cheerfulness
• First to look at the stars and believe that there may be more universes and more worlds that sustain life
• Mostly famous for his work in science
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Philosopher #2: Democritus
• Suggested that all things in the world, living beings included, were made from very small particles
• He called these small particles ‘atoms’o Uncut able o Indestructible
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Philosopher #3: Socrates
• Known as the father of modern Philosophy
• Socrates focused on intellectual philosophy rather than physical philosophy (past philosophers)o What is true wisdomo Who is truly wise
• Was followed by Athens's youtho Convinced many to put
aside their aspirations for jobs and instead focus on increasing their wisdom
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Philosopher #3: Socrates
• Socrates taught his students to think for themselveso No longer blindly believing elders and societyo No longer believing in superstition and gods
• Did not believe in social classeso Talked openly and equally to citizens, women and slaves
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Philosopher #3: Socrates
• Angered Athens’ eliteo Not respecting their
higher statuso Not obeying social ruleso ‘corrupting’ the minds
of the youtho Dishonoring the gods
• Socrates was put on trial o Found guilty o Given the death penalty
• Socrates forced to drink Hemlock - poison
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Philosopher #4: Plato• Born into the elite class
o Expect to pursue a political career
• Was a follower and student of Socrates
• After Socrates death, put together an accurate history of Socrates and his lessons
• wrote plays about:o Socrates life, trial and deatho Socrates’ teachings on law
and how citizens should obey the law even if they disagree with it
• Started an Academy in Athens
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Philosopher #4: Plato• Wrote a book called
The Republico Plato considering what
the world would look like if it was ruled by philosophers
o Philosophers always striving for knowledge and looking inwards at who they are and what they believe (live rightly)
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Philosopher #5: Aristotle
• Known for his scientific examination of human knowledge
• Also considered a master in biology, politics, metaphysics, agriculture, literature, botany, medicine, mathematics, physics, ethics, logic and theater
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Philosopher #5: Aristotle
• Famous for being Alexander the Great’s tutoro Became close friendso Aided Alexander in
political decisionso Seen to have a huge
influence on Alexander’s rule
• Afterwards started his own school in Athens called The Lyceum