Ancient Greece

Famous Greeks

Essential Standards

• 6.H.2 Understand the political, economic and/or social significance of historical events, issues, individuals and cultural groups.

• 6.C&G.1 Understand the development of government in various civilizations, societies and regions.

Clarifying Objectives

• 6.H.2.4 Explain the role that key historical figures and cultural groups had in transforming society (e.g., Mansa Musa, Confucius, Charlemagne and Qin Shi Huangdi).

• 6.C&G.1.1 Explain the origins and structures of various governmental systems (e.g., democracy, absolute monarchy and constitutional monarchy).

Essential Questions

• How did the Greek Historical figures make contributions that affected everyone?

• What is an OLIGARCHY?

Important Greeks

• Ancient Greece is known as the place where the Western World got their Ideologies

• The Western World has many Ancient Greeks to thank for that

• In this lesson we will cover 12 of the most influential Historical Figures (Greeks)

Important Greeks

• These 12 Greeks were important to both Ancient Greece & the rest of the world for different reasons① Philosophy② Play Write③ Historian④ Mathematician⑤ Government Figure⑥ Leadership

Important Greeks• The 12 important Greeks we

will cover include….① Socrates② Plato③ Aristotle④ Homer⑤ Herodotus⑥ Archimedes⑦ Euclid⑧ Hippocrates⑨ Pythagoras⑩ Cleisthenes⑪ Pericles⑫ Alexander the Great

Ancient Greek Philosophers• Ancient Greek philosophers

were masters of the problems of Ancient Greece

• Philosophers studied reason, values, knowledge, existence, etc

• The 3 most famous philosophers of Ancient Greece were…① Socrates② Plato③ Aristotle

Socrates• Socrates was the first great Greek

philosophers

• Socrates was famous for promoting CRITICAL THINKING

• He would stand out in the Agora and ask a series of very tough questions (interview) about why they believed they existed

• He was eventually put to death (Death of Socrates) famous painting

• http://www.biography.com/people/socrates-9488126

Plato

• Plato was the second great philosopher of Ancient Greece

• He was one of the students of Socrates

• He taught about JUSTICE to the individual vs. JUSTICE to the country of Greece

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Xoi873zOWw

Aristotle• Aristotle was the 3rd great

Greek Philosopher

• He was a student of Plato

• He laid the groundwork for the spread of Christianity by teaching of living a MORAL life

• He was the personal teacher to Alexander the Great

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BeJJpbDrVRM

Ancient Greek Play Writes

• A play write is someone who was the author of plays and poetry

• The most famous Ancient Greek Play write was Homer

Homer • Homer was the most famous

writer of poetry in history

• His two most famous works were the ① Iliad (story about the Troy)② Odyssey (story of Odysseus

journey home to Ithaca

• Ancient city of Troy described in the Iliad has now been unearthed & discovered

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hnxVv1JDUuA

Ancient Greek Historians

• There is one Greek Historian that stands out from the rest

• The Greek Historian’s job was to write down key events as they happened in Ancient Greece

• Herodotus was the most famous Greek Historian by far

Herodotus

• Herodotus is known as the “Father of History”

• He was the first person that we know of to write historical events down

• Because of Herodotus we know of the different wars throughout Greek history & why they occurred

Ancient Greek Mathematician

• There were many great Greek Mathematicians

• 4 of these Math Geeks standout among the rest….① Archimedes② Euclid③ Hippocrates④ Pythagoras

Archimedes • Archimedes was very influential

in Math & Science

• He developed the first form of Calculus

• He discovered the mathematical reasoning behind buoyancy (sinkers & floaters)

• Developed the value of Pi & square roots

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9sdxiHyRrCs

Euclid

• Euclid was the Father of Geometry

• His most famous work was a book called ELEMENTS

• It was a book that taught how to write Geometric Proofs

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AxAqvBZrbMY

Hippocrates

• “Father of Medicine”

• He was the first to believe that diseases were caused naturally & not as a punishment from god

• He was the first to set up a medical school to train doctors as a profession

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QbU61uO3Vdw

Pythagoras

• Pythagoras was a mathematician that proved the Pythagorean Theorem

• This is the Mathematical Law that states (A squared + B squared = C squared

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FdMXjJunb1o

Ancient Greek Government Figure• Ancient Greece is known for

shaping the Government of the whole modern Western World

• In other words they developed DEMOCRACY

• Democracy is the government system where the people make their own decisions by voting

• This system was highly influenced by Cleisthenes

Cleisthenes • An Aristocrat Oligarchy

controlled Athens early in Greek History

• Cleisthenes thought this was wrong

• Cleisthenes believed that even the common Greek citizens should have the freedom to make their own decisions

• DEMOCRACY was born

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Gqee176VIk&list=TLhah5H-d6Ac1h2PleRERH1r7_GX7fD60V

• 0:00-1:12

Essential Question

• Get with a partner and answer…

• What is an OLIGARCHY?

Ancient Greek Leaders

• There were many, many great leaders of Ancient Greece but two stand out….① Pericles② Alexander the Great

Pericles

• Pericles was the great leader that rebuilt Athens

• He rebuilt all the temples of Athens

• Gave power to the Philosophers which led to a period in Ancient Greece of great learning and understanding

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yXnEewb4GE4

Alexander the Great

• Great King & Military Leader

• He believed he was the Great Greek Warrior Achilles second coming

• He defeated the great Persian Empire once & for all

• http://www.biography.com/people/alexander-the-great-9180468

Essential Question

• Get with a partner and answer…

• How did the Greek Historical figures make contributions that affected everyone?

EOG Questions • Order of Ruling Powers in Ancient Greece• 1. Monarchy • 2. Oligarchy • 3. Tyranny • 4. Democracy• Which statement explains the list above?

• A) Some city-states of Ancient Greece went from being governed by their citizens to being ruled by a king.

• B) Some city-states of Ancient Greece went from being ruled by nobility to being governed by their citizens.

• C) Some city-states of Ancient Greece went from being ruled by military leaders to being governed by the upper class.

• D) Some city-states of Ancient Greece went from being ruled by rich merchants to being governed by men of nobility.

EOG Questions

• An absolute monarchy is a type of government structure. Which of the statements describes this type of structure?

• A) The citizens have an equal say in their government.

• B) The citizens elect representatives to run the government.

• C) The ruler has complete power over the citizens or inhabitants.

• D) The ruler has control of the government, but citizens have rights

Important Points

• 6.H.2.4 (Key Historical Figure) All these people were key historical figures that made Greece so important in history

• 6.C&G.1.1 (Government Structure) An OLIGARCHY is when a few people have control of EVERYONE