Ancient Greece
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Transcript of Ancient Greece
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Ancient Greece
500-323 B.C.E.
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Geography Greece is a peninsula about the size of Louisiana in the Mediterranean Sea.
It’s very close to Egypt, the Persian empire (includes Turkey) and Rome.
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Greek geography
Greece is mountainous Greek communities
often times developed independently because of the mountains, thus they were diverse
As a result, they fought each other a lot.
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Technology results from necessity
Since Greek coastal cities were sandwiched between the ocean and the mountains, they developed an awesome navy for trading and fighting.
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Technology results from scarcity All cities need fresh
water. This is a Greek aqueduct, basically a brick water pipe.
The first aqueduct was Assyrian, but most ancient societies had them.
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Terracing saves water and soil in mountainous environments
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Greek Inventions The Greeks
invented dice.
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The Greeks were the original Olympiads. Their scientists studied the best way to perform sports
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Greek Invention The Greeks
invented the crane.
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Greek Architecture Greeks invented
arches and columns.
This obviously took advanced mathematics.
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More Greek Architecture
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Greek Military This is a catapult, a
Greek invention. It could throw 300
pound stones at walls and buildings
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Greek Military This is a hoplite, a
Greek infantry soldier.
Hoplites were middle-class freemen who had to pay for their own weapon and shield.
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Greek Military This is a phalanx. Soldiers get in a
tight box. They each have a large shield and a 9 foot long spear.
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Flamethrower!!!!!
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Greek religion was polytheistic.
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Political: Athens was the first democracy. Democracy: type of government where
people vote. Well, actually, Athens was a direct
democracy where people vote on everything.
The U.S. today is a representative democracy, where we vote for people to make decisions for us.
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Direct participation was the key to Athenian democracy. In the Assembly, every male citizen was not only entitled to attend as often as he pleased but also had the right to debate, offer amendments, and vote on proposals. Every man had a say in whether to declare war or stay in peace. Basically any thing that required a government decision, all male citizens were allowed to participate in.
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Remember! If you think the U.S. is so much better. . .
Some southern states did not let African Americans vote until the 1960s (Voting Rights Act 1965)
Women could not vote in the U.S. until 1920 (19th Amendment)
Eighteen year olds could not vote until the late 1970s.
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Political terms
All of Greece wasn’t a democracy.
Most of Greece was a monarchy a type of government ruled by a king or queen.
At right is Pericles, a good king of Athens.
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Sparta
Sparta was an isolated city-state that was culturally and politically different from Athens.
Sparta was an oligarchy, government ruled by a few. They had 2 kings.
During the Peloponnesian Sparta sacked Athens.
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Sparta
Spartan society was obsessed with war.
Boys were sent to military school at a young age.
Boys who are born deformed are left to die on mountainsides
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Key Ideas of Plato Reason(thinking) not emotions leads to
knowledge Rational thought can lead people to
discover key life principles, recognize beauty, and learn how to organize society
Ideal societies are divided into three classes: workers, soldiers, and philosopher kings
Ideal societies are based on meritocracy
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Key ideas about Aristotle Preferred oligarchy Suspicions of democracy, thought it
could lead to mob rule Favored a constitutional gov’t ruled by
the middle class Thought the city-state represented the
best form of human community Believed even rulers must be subjected
to the law, to avoid tyrants Believed in reaching a compromise
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Athens
Athenians were tough but were encouraged to engage in activities like art, philosophy, music.
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Alexander the Great Alexander was not
from Athens, but Macedonia.
Alexander was a brilliant military strategist.
His favorite book was Homer’s Iliad
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Alexander conquered the Persian empire and controlled the largest empire the world has ever seen.
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What happens when cultures collide?
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Alexander spread Hellenistic culture throughout Asia.
Hellenistic is a fancy word for Greek.
Alexander spread Greek technology and ideas throughout his empire
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The Roman Coliseum has a strong Hellenistic influence.
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What buildings in the USA have a Hellenistic influence?
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Lincoln Memorial
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Any questions before the quiz?
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Greece Quiz 1. What is one of Greece’s contribution to the
world (especially the United States)? 2. How did geography influence how city-
states formed`? 3. What are some Greek inventions we still
use today ? 4. Define democracy. 5. Define monarchy. 6. Define oligarchy.
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Frayer Vocab. Model
Definitions: political document drafted in England in 1215 guaranteeing basic political rights in England
Characteristics: -Like the 12 Tables from Rome-Had written laws-Took away some of the king’s power
Examples-Twelve Tables-Ten Commandments-U.S. Constitution
Non-Examples-King’s rules-Anarchy-monarchy
MagnaCarta
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Definitions: 1. get the definition from the reading. 2. Go to the glossary in the back of your textbook 3. use a dictionary.
Characteristics: When dealing with people, list their accomplishments, successes, or failures. With words, find words to describe them.
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