1. Pamela Camille C. Selma

2. Pamela Camille C. SelmaHISTORY Civilization that thrived along the Nile River in northeastern Africa for more than 3,000 years, from about 3300 BC to 30 BC. It was the longestlived civilization of the ancient world. They possessed a sophisticated understanding of mathematics and the principles of architecture, enabling them to introduce to the world large stone buildings before 2500 BC. They devised a calendar on the basis of their observations of the Sun and the stars. Although the ancient Egyptians worshiped many gods, Egypt is also often recognized as the origin of the first recorded monotheist (worshiper of one god), the king who called himself Akhenaton. 3. Pamela Camille C. SelmaPYRAMIDS AND MONUMENTS The pyramids are the best-known examples of Egyptian architecture. These huge tombs have four triangular sides that meet in a point at the top. To the ancient Egyptians they might have represented the primeval mound that was the origin of life in their creation myths or they might have represented the solidified rays of the Sun. The Egyptians built more than 100 pyramids as final resting places for their rulers. 4. Pamela Camille C. Selma 5. Pamela Camille C. SelmaMUMMIFICATION comes from the Persian word "mummya" meaning bitumen or pitch. In the Arabic language mummification means tahneet and it comes from the word "hanoot", meaning the substances that are used to aromatize the body of the deceased.Mummification was a process performed by an embalmer, who would carefully remove the internal organs, subject the body to different ointments and resins, dry it out with salts, and then wrap it with linen. Amulets, or charms, were often interspersed among the layers of linen, and other amulets might be placed in the coffin along with the mummy. Magical texts were sometimes written on the wrappings themselves, and they could also be written on papyri or inscribed on the walls of the coffin or of the tomb. These texts served as protection and as a guide for the deceased on the way to and in the afterlife. 6. Pamela Camille C. SelmaGODS AND GODDESSES Household Gods Bes-god of marriage, love, and dancing. Tauert-goddess of fertility and child birth.State and Local Gods Re- sun god Amun-father of the gods. God of air, war, and fertility. Sobek- the crocodile god Hathor-goddess of love and laughterNational Gods Thoth-patron god of scribes and writing. 7. Pamela Camille C. SelmaDAILY LIFE In ancient Egypt the family was important. As the head of the household, the father worked outside the home. Although unequal to men in other areas, in the eyes of the law, women were treated the same and could, for example, own property, conduct business, and file lawsuits. Children were expected to care properly for and support their parents during old age. The houses of the ancient Egyptians varied in style, shape, and size, depending on factors such as the wealth of the owner and the location of the house.They wore linen garments, woven from flax, and occasionally crafted some clothing from animal skins. For sport, the ancient Egyptians apparently went fishing and hunted birds. 8. Pamela Camille C. SelmaHIEROGLYPHICS Ancient Egyptian writing uses more than 2,000 hieroglyphic characters. Each hieroglyph represents a common object in ancient Egypt. Hieroglyphs could represent the sound of the object or they could represent an idea associated with the object. 9. Pamela Camille C. SelmaFASCINATING FACTS: In order to deter flies from landing on him, Pepi II of Egypt always kept several naked slaves nearby whose bodies were smeared with honey. The first pyramid (The Step Pyramid of Djoser built around 2600 BC seen above) was originally surrounded by a 34 ft tall wall which had 15 doors in it. Only one of the doors opened. Ramses the Great had 8 official wives and nearly 100 concubines. He was over 90 years old when he died in 1212 BC.Egyptians believed that the earth was flat and round (like a pancake) and that the Nile flowed through the center of it. 10. Pamela Camille C. Selma