ANCHORS TESTING STANDARDSHow to test post-installed anchors onsite according

to the international standard

Taoufik Khelloufi

Technical Marketing Manager

Hilti Emirates LLC.

AGENDA

Anchors On-site Testing Standard | May 2017 2

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Purpose of anchors on-site testing

Different challenges of anchors on-site testing

Recommendations of British standard BS8539

- British Standard BS8539 Annex B.2.3.2

- British Standard BS8539 Annex B.2.3.1

- British Standard BS8539 9.3 & Annex B.3

Anchors on-site testing evaluation report

ANCHORS ARE TESTED ON-SITE FOR DIFFERENT REASONS

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DETERMINE

RESISTANCE

VERIFY

SETTING

QUALITY

Purpose of

on-site test

Destructive

[ Pull-out ]simplified 1) or

statistical 2) evaluation

Non-destructive

[ Proof-load ]simplified evaluation

Basics for

on-site testType of

on-site test

Base

material

Masonry

standard

Masonry

non-standard

Concrete

standard

Concrete

non-standard

Anchor

type

Chemical

Mechanical

PlasticNon-destructive

[ Test-load ]

assessment

Anchors On-site Testing Standard | May 2017

THE TESTING OF ANCHORS ON-SITE USUALLY FACES SEVERAL CHALLENGES

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How many specimen should

be tested ?

This criteria will vary based on:

- The base material

- The type of the post-installed

anchor

- The purpose of the test.

What is the load to be

applied on the anchor ?

This criteria will vary based on:

- The safety factors

- The purpose of the test

How long the load should be

applied on the anchor ?

This criteria will vary based on:

- The base material

- The type of the post-installed

anchor

- The purpose of the test

Anchors On-site Testing Standard | May 2017

BRITISH STANDARD BS8539 COVERS ALL THE ANCHORING TESTING SCENARIOS

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Base material

Masonry

standard

Masonry

non-standard

&

Concrete

non-standard

Concrete

standard

Purpose

Resistance

determination

Quality verification

Chemical anchor Mech. anchor

Destructive

[Pull-out]

Typology

Non-destructive

[Proof-load]

Non-destructive

[Test-load]

Resistance

determination

Quality verification

Destructive

[Pull-out]

Non-destructive

[Proof-load]

Non-destructive

[Test-load]

Resistance

determination

Quality verificationNon-destructive

[Test-load]

On-site tests to determine resistance in standard concrete

not needed and not recommended to be carried out

(data available in ETA / FTM)

BS 8539 Annex B.2.3.1

BS 8539 9.3 and Annex B.3

BS 8539 Annex B.2.3.1

BS 8539 9.3 and Annex B.3

BS 8539 9.3 and Annex B.3

BS 8539 Annex B.2.3.2

BS 8539 Annex B.2.3.2

Plastic ETICS

Anchors On-site Testing Standard | May 2017

BRITISH STANDARD BS8539 ANNEX B.2.3.2 FOR DESTRUCTIVE TESTS

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• Number of test specimens: nTest = 5 to 15 • Characteristic resistance:

NRk1 = NRu,m ∙ (1- K(n) ∙ v(n)) • Ω

NRu,m Mean value of the ultimate load of the n tests

K(n) Tolerance factor based on a confidence level of 90%

v(n) Standard deviation of the ultimate load v(n) ≤ 30%

Ω Adjustment factor based on conditions pertaining to the application

• Design resistance:

NR,all = NRk / ν

ν = 2.5 factor recommended in BS 8539 for static and quasi static actions

for anchors other than those of plastic

ν = 5.0 factor recommended in BS 8539 for plastic anchors

Anchors On-site Testing Standard | May 2017

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BRITISH STANDARD BS8539 ANNEX B.2.3.1

Base material

Masonry

standard

Masonry

non-standard

&

Concrete

non-standard

Concrete

standard

Purpose

Resistance

determination

Quality verification

Chemical anchor Mech. anchor

Destructive

[Pull-out]

Typology

Non-destructive

[Proof-load]

Non-destructive

[Test-load]

Resistance

determination

Quality verification

Destructive

[Pull-out]

Non-destructive

[Proof-load]

Non-destructive

[Test-load]

Resistance

determination

Quality verificationNon-destructive

[Test-load]

On-site tests to determine resistance in standard concrete

not needed and not recommended to be carried out

(data available in ETA / FTM)

BS 8539 Annex B.2.3.1

BS 8539 9.3 and Annex B.3

BS 8539 Annex B.2.3.1

BS 8539 9.3 and Annex B.3

BS 8539 9.3 and Annex B.3

BS 8539 Annex B.2.3.2

BS 8539 Annex B.2.3.2

Plastic ETICS

Anchors On-site Testing Standard | May 2017

BRITISH STANDARD BS8539 ANNEX B.2.3.1 FOR NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTS

Number of test specimens: nTest = 5 to 15

Test procedure

Apply the test load to 5 fastenings: Ntest = NSk • test

NTest Load for the “preliminary test” (to be applied on the jobsite)

NSk Characteristic value of tensile action

test Factor depending on the application and the typology of the fastening

At the end of the test, the load should be maintained on the anchor for 1 minute.

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Application Fastening type νtest

General Plastic anchors 5

Other fastenings 3

Temporary fastenings, e.g.

scaffolds…

Plastic anchors 3

Other fastenings 2

Anchors On-site Testing Standard | May 2017

BRITISH STANDARD (BS) 8539 ANNEX B.2.3.1 FOR NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTS

If the test load is achieved in all 5 tests, it can be assumed:

Characteristic value of action = design resistance:

NSk = NR,all

NSk Characteristic value of tensile action

NR,all Design resistance

If measurement of displacement is required, check also: NR,all ≤ N1st,m

N1st,m Load at first movement (lowest load at first movement)

e.g. load at 1st,m = 0.1mm (to be determined by the specifier)

9Anchors On-site Testing Standard | May 2017

BRITISH STANDARD (BS) 8539 ANNEX B.2.3.1 FOR NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTS

If 1 test fails, the client has the following options

1. Select a different type of fastener – with a higher expected resistance

2. Use the same type of fastener, but with a larger diameter

3. Use the same type of fastener, but set at greater depth

4. Continue the test and determine the resistance.

This option is available in case the following two conditions are fulfilled

1. Only 1 fastener fails the test load

2. Failure load ≥ 80% of the test load

10Anchors On-site Testing Standard | May 2017

BRITISH STANDARD BS8539 9.3 & ANNEX B.3

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Base material

Masonry

standard

Masonry

non-standard

&

Concrete

non-standard

Concrete

standard

Purpose

Resistance

determination

Quality verification

Chemical anchor Mech. anchor

Destructive

[Pull-out]

Typology

Non-destructive

[Proof-load]

Non-destructive

[Test-load]

Resistance

determination

Quality verification

Destructive

[Pull-out]

Non-destructive

[Proof-load]

Non-destructive

[Test-load]

Resistance

determination

Quality verificationNon-destructive

[Test-load]

On-site tests to determine resistance in standard concrete

not needed and not recommended to be carried out

(data available in ETA / FTM)

BS 8539 Annex B.2.3.1

BS 8539 9.3 and Annex B.3

BS 8539 Annex B.2.3.1

BS 8539 9.3 and Annex B.3

BS 8539 9.3 and Annex B.3

BS 8539 Annex B.2.3.2

BS 8539 Annex B.2.3.2

Plastic ETICS

Anchors On-site Testing Standard | May 2017

BRITISH STANDARD BS8539 9.3 & ANNEX B.3 TO VALIDATE THE INSTALLATION QUALITY

Option 1:

nTest ≥ 2,5% of all fastenings but ≥ 3 pcs.

Load = 1.50 x characteristic value of action load

FP = 1.5 x Sk

Option 2:

nTest ≥ 5% of all fastenings but ≥ 3 pcs.

Load = 1.25 x characteristic value of action load

FP = 1.25 x Sk

At the end of the test, the load should be maintained on the anchor for 1 minute.

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Sk: Characteristic value of action

FP: Proof load (to be applied on the jobsite)

Anchors On-site Testing Standard | May 2017

Sk: Characteristic value of action

FP: Proof load (to be applied on the jobsite)

BRITISH STANDARD BS8539 9.3 & ANNEX B.3 TO VALIDATE THE INSTALLATION QUALITY

Actions to be considered in case of failure during the tests:

Keep a record of the failures on the test record form

The consultant/project manager must decide what the consequences are to be:

• 1 fastener fails in a specific area

(after investigation of failure and discussion with the client):

Double the number of tested fasteners.

• More then 1 fastener fails the test in a specific area

(after investigation of failure and discussion with the client):

All fasteners have to be tested

The specification has to be reconsidered

13Anchors On-site Testing Standard | May 2017

AN EVALUATION REPORT SHOULD BE REQUIRED AFTER EACH ANCHOR ON-SITE TESTING

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Minimum number of test we need

to conduct according to the

standard

Calculated characteristic

resistance, design resistance and

displacement according the the

standard safety factors.

Anchors On-site Testing Standard | May 2017

THANK YOU