The Collaboration between Anatomists and Mathematicians in the ...
Anatomists and their art
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Transcript of Anatomists and their art
Anatomists and Their Art
Charleen M. Moore, Ph.D.
Distinguished Teaching Professor
Department of
Cellular and Structural Biology
Anatomists and Their Art
Artists Who Dissected
Anatomists Who Drew
Anatomist and Artist Teams
Salerno – 10th c.
Bologna – 11th c.
Padua – 13th c.
Medieval Medical Centers
Five Picture Seriesbones, nerves, muscles, veins, and arteries
Five Picture Seriesbones, nerves, muscles, veins, and arteries
Johannes de KethamFasciculo di medicina (1493)
Wound Man
The Dissection woodcut illustrations
Zodiac Man
The Dissection colored (either with stencils or by hand-pressed color blocks) in four colors
Johannes de KethamFasciculo di medicina (1493)
Archiginnasio, BolognaAnatomical Theatre
(1637)
Johannes de KethamFasciculo di medicina (1493)
Jacopo Berengario da Carpi (1460-1530) Isagoge Breves (1522-1535)
(A Short Introduction to Anatomy)Artist? Hugo da Carpi (1455-1523)
Jacopo Berengario da Carpi (1460-1530) Isagoge Breves (1522-1535)
Jacopo Berengario da Carpi (1460-1530) Isagoge Breves (1522-1535)
Artists Who Dissected
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528)
Michelangelo (1475-1564)
Raphael (1483-1521)
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Leonardo da Vinci: The Mechanics of ManMartin Clayton and Dr. Ron Philo
Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528)
Vier Bücher von menschlicher Proportion (1528)
Adam and Eve(1507) Oil on panel
Michelangelo (1475-1564)
Raphael (1483-1521)La Fornarina (1518-19) Oil on wood
Anatomists Who Drew
Robert Hooke (1635 - 1703)
Antonio Scarpa (1747 - 1832)
John Bell (1763-1820)
Sir Charles Bell (1774 – 1842)
Robert Hooke (1635 – 1703)
“. . . I could exceedingly plainly perceive it [cork] to be all perforated and porous, much like a Honey-comb, but that the pores of it were not regular. . . . these pores, or cells, . . . were indeed the first microscopical pores I ever saw, . . . “
Thin Slices of Cork
Robert Hooke (1635 - 1703)Micrographia (1665)
Hernias
Scarpa’s Triangle(Femoral Triangle)
Bracing for Clubfoot
Nerve Supply to Heart
Antonio Scarpa (1747 - 1832)
Saggio di osservazioni e d’esperienze sulle principali mallatti degli occhi first edition copper plate illustration
Antonio Scarpa (1747 - 1832)
John Bell (1763-1820)
John Bell (1763-1820)
Anatomy of the Human Body. 2d ed. Vol. I (1804) Etching
Bell’s drawing reprinted in Charles Darwin’sThe Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872)
Nerves of the head
Sir Charles Bell (1774 – 1842)
A System of Dissections, 1798
An Exposition of the Natural System of the Nerves of the Human Body, 1824
Sir Charles Bell (1774 – 1842)
Bell was a surgeon at Battle of Waterloo in 1815 Watercolor paintings of wounded soldiers
Sir Charles Bell (1774 – 1842)
Anatomist and Artist Teams
Andreas Vesalius (1514 – 1564) and Jan Stephan van Calcar (1499 - ca. 1546)
Giulio Casseri (ca.1552-1616) and Odoardo Fialetti
Bernhard Siegfried Albinus (1697-1770) and Jan Wanderlaar (1690-1759)
William Hunter (1718-1783) and Jan van Riemsdyk (fl. 1750-1788)
Andreas Vesalius (1514 – 1564) and Jan Stephan van Calcar (1499 - ca. 1546)
De humani corporis fabrica, 1543
De humani corporis fabrica, 1543
Andreas Vesalius (1514 – 1564) and Jan Stephan van Calcar (1499 - ca. 1546)
De humani corporis fabrica, 1543
Historiated Initials
Andreas Vesalius (1514 – 1564) and Jan Stephan van Calcar (1499 - ca. 1546)
De humani corporis fabrica, 1543
Giulio Casseri (ca.1552-1616) and Odoardo Fialetti
Tabulae Anatomicae (1627) Copperplate engraving
Tables of the skeleton and muscles of the human body (London, 1749)
Bernhard Siegfried Albinus (1697-1770) and Jan Wanderlaar (1690-1759)
Used a net with square webbing between artist and specimen
that increased the scientific accuracy of the illustration
Rhinoceros, circle of Pietro Longhi, c.1751
Map from Clara’s Grand Tour by Glynis Ridley, 2004
Clara, the rhinoceros, toured Europe from 1741 – 1758
Tabulae sceleti et musculorum corporis humani (Leiden, 1747)Tables of the skeleton and muscles of the human body (London, 1749)
Bernhard Siegfried Albinus (1697-1770) and Jan Wanderlaar (1690-1759)
John Hunter (1728 - 1793)
William Hunter (1718 - 1783)
William Hunter (1718-1783) and Jan van Riemsdyk (fl. 1750-1788)The Anatomy of the Gravid Uterus (1774)
Plate XX Plate VI
P.I. Nixon Medical Historical LibraryEstablished 1970
Pat Ireland Nixon, M.D., (1883-1965)
Dr. Pat at his writing desk at home
Friends of the P.I. Nixon Medical Historical Library
(1971 – Present)
First Gift to the P.I. Nixon Collection on Behalf of the Friends, 1971
William Smellie: A Sett of Anatomical Tables, 1754Less than one hundred copies are known.
Sir Charles Bell (1774 – 1842)Engravings from specimens of morbid parts (1813)
15 copies world-wide
Sir Charles Bell (1774 – 1842)Series of engravings explaining the course of the nerves
London 1803
Latest Gift to the P.I. Nixon Collection on Behalf of the Friends, 2011
Friends of the P.I. Nixon Medical Historical Library
Annual Dinner, November 7, 2011
Doctors and Dollars May Not Always Be Enough
Fernando Guerra, M.D.
Director of Health for the San Antonio Metropolitan Health District