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ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY 1MID 1143
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TOPIC 2:BASIC ANATOMICAL
TERMINOLOGY
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BASIC ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY
• Anatomical position• Anatomical description • Anatomical planes and sections• Body cavities
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ANATOMICAL POSITION
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ANATOMICAL POSITION
• Standardized method of observing or imaging the body that allows precise and consistent anatomical references.
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ANATOMICAL POSITION
• Upright, facing the observer – erect• Head level & eyes facing directly
forward• Upper limbs at sides• Palms turned forward
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Arms at side, palms turned
forward2
Standing upright,ERECT
Head level,Face forward
CENSORED!
Legs at side,Toes turned forward
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ANATOMICAL DESCRIPTION
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ANATOMICAL DESCRIPTION
• Using Greek/Latin words • E.g:–Nasal = nose–Mental = chin
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REGIONAL TERMS
• 2 fundamental region:– Axial• Head• Neck• Trunk
– Appendicular• Upper limb• Lower limb
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DIRECTIONAL TERMS
• Describe the position of one body part relative to another.
• e.g:– Elbow is inferior to shoulder– Knee is superior to ankle– The heart and spleen are ipsilateral
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DIRECTIONAL TERMS
• Describe the definition below and give ONE example how each is used:– Superior/Cranial - Intermediate– Inferior/Caudal - Ipsilateral– Anterior/Ventral - Contralateral– Posterior/Dorsal - Proximal–Medial - Distal– Lateral
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