Analyzing and Predicting Task Reminders
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Transcript of Analyzing and Predicting Task Reminders
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersDavid Graus, Paul N. Bennett, Ryen W. White, Eric Horvitz
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 2
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 3
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 3
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 3
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 3
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 3
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 3
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 3
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
When would you like to be reminded?
Alright, remind you to do the laundryat 12:00pm on Sunday, is that right?
Great, I’ll remind you!
Sunday at noon.
Remind me to do the laundry.
Yes.
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 4
Research questions
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 4
Research questions
1. Is there a body of common tasks that underlie the reminder creation process?
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 4
Research questions
1. Is there a body of common tasks that underlie the reminder creation process?
2. Can we identify patterns in the times at which people create reminders, and, via notification times, when the associated tasks are to be executed?
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 4
Research questions
1. Is there a body of common tasks that underlie the reminder creation process?
2. Can we identify patterns in the times at which people create reminders, and, via notification times, when the associated tasks are to be executed?
3. Can we predict when certain tasks are most likely to happen?
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 5
Is there a body of common tasks that underlie the reminder creation process?
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 5
Is there a body of common tasks that underlie the reminder creation process?
• Common reminder structure: • “Remind me to <verb> <object>” • take out laundry • call mom • pay bills
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 5
Is there a body of common tasks that underlie the reminder creation process?
• Common reminder structure: • “Remind me to <verb> <object>” • take out laundry • call mom • pay bills
• Identify frequent verb/object-pairs in 2-month sample (~950k reminders)
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 5
Is there a body of common tasks that underlie the reminder creation process?
• Common reminder structure: • “Remind me to <verb> <object>” • take out laundry • call mom • pay bills
• Identify frequent verb/object-pairs in 2-month sample (~950k reminders)
• Manually group them into tasks
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 6
~60% of reminders start with one of these (52) verbs
take eathave send email textcall tell setmake scheduleturn on turn off
checkleave come be go tostop by take out feed clean wash charge do write
change cancel order renew book mail submit fill out print pay wake set
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 7
Manual labeling
Ò Dimensions; Ò Interruption vs. continuation of user activity Ò Context of task (home, work, on the go) Ò (Expected) duration of task Ò Impact on user “availability” Ò …
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 8
common tasks that underlie the reminder creation process
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 8
Go somewhere Switch context Run errand
common tasks that underlie the reminder creation process
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 8
Go somewhere Switch context Run errand
common tasks that underlie the reminder creation process
Go somewhere
Chores
Switch context Run errand
Recurring Standalone
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 8
Go somewhere Switch context Run errand
common tasks that underlie the reminder creation process
Go somewhere
Chores
Switch context Run errand
Recurring Standalone
Go somewhere
Chores
Communicate
Switch context Run errand
Recurring Standalone
General Coordinate
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 8
Go somewhere Switch context Run errand
common tasks that underlie the reminder creation process
Go somewhere
Chores
Switch context Run errand
Recurring Standalone
Go somewhere
Chores
Communicate
Switch context Run errand
Recurring Standalone
General Coordinate
Go somewhere
Chores
Communicate
Manage Ongoing
External Process
Manage Ongoing
User Activity
Eat/Consume
Switch context Run errand
Recurring Standalone
General Coordinate
StartPrepare Stop
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 8
Go somewhere Switch context Run errand
common tasks that underlie the reminder creation process
Go somewhere
Chores
Switch context Run errand
Recurring Standalone
Go somewhere
Chores
Communicate
Switch context Run errand
Recurring Standalone
General Coordinate
Go somewhere
Chores
Communicate
Manage Ongoing
External Process
Manage Ongoing
User Activity
Eat/Consume
Switch context Run errand
Recurring Standalone
General Coordinate
StartPrepare Stop
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 9
RQ2: Can we identify patterns in the reminder creation process?
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 9
RQ2: Can we identify patterns in the reminder creation process?
Ò Creation time (CT) Ò When user creates the reminder (remembers task)
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 9
RQ2: Can we identify patterns in the reminder creation process?
Ò Creation time (CT) Ò When user creates the reminder (remembers task)
Ò Notification time (NT) Ò When reminder is set to trigger (executes task)
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 9
RQ2: Can we identify patterns in the reminder creation process?
Ò Creation time (CT) Ò When user creates the reminder (remembers task)
Ò Notification time (NT) Ò When reminder is set to trigger (executes task)
Ò Time delta (NT – CT) Ò How far task is planned in advance
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 9
RQ2: Can we identify patterns in the reminder creation process?
Ò Creation time (CT) Ò When user creates the reminder (remembers task)
Ò Notification time (NT) Ò When reminder is set to trigger (executes task)
Ò Time delta (NT – CT) Ò How far task is planned in advance
Ò Text/task description
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 10
00:00am–04:00am
04:00am–08:00am
08:00am–12:00pm
12:00pm–4:00pm
4:00pm–8:00pm
8:00pm–0:00am
SunMonTueWedThuFriSat
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 11
RQ2: Can we identify patterns in the reminder creation process?
1. Aggregate 2. Per task type 3. By Creation Time and Terms (in task description)
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 12
Creation times Notification times
1: Aggregate patterns (across all tasks)
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 12
Creation times Notification times
1: Aggregate patterns (across all tasks)
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 12
Creation times Notification times
1: Aggregate patterns (across all tasks)
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 12
Creation times Notification times
1: Aggregate patterns (across all tasks)
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 13
Findings: Aggregate patterns
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 13
Findings: Aggregate patterns
Ò Creation/Notification Ò People create reminders in evenings (end of day), w/
notifications set in mornings (start of day).
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 13
Findings: Aggregate patterns
Ò Creation/Notification Ò People create reminders in evenings (end of day), w/
notifications set in mornings (start of day).
Ò (not shown) Time deltas Ò Most reminders are for “short-term tasks”
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 14
2: Per task type patterns
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 15
All rem
inders
Chore (re
curri
ng)
Chore (st
andalone)
Comm. (coordinate)
Comm. (gen
eral)
Eat/Consu
me
Go (switc
h contex
t)
Go (erra
nd)
Manage acti
vity
Manage proce
ss
Del
ay (h
ours
)
72
60
48
36
24
12
0
Time deltas per task typeTime deltas per task type
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 15
All rem
inders
Chore (re
curri
ng)
Chore (st
andalone)
Comm. (coordinate)
Comm. (gen
eral)
Eat/Consu
me
Go (switc
h contex
t)
Go (erra
nd)
Manage acti
vity
Manage proce
ss
Del
ay (h
ours
)
72
60
48
36
24
12
0
Time deltas per task typeTime deltas per task type
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 15
All rem
inders
Chore (re
curri
ng)
Chore (st
andalone)
Comm. (coordinate)
Comm. (gen
eral)
Eat/Consu
me
Go (switc
h contex
t)
Go (erra
nd)
Manage acti
vity
Manage proce
ss
Del
ay (h
ours
)
72
60
48
36
24
12
0
Time deltas per task typeTime deltas per task type
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 15
All rem
inders
Chore (re
curri
ng)
Chore (st
andalone)
Comm. (coordinate)
Comm. (gen
eral)
Eat/Consu
me
Go (switc
h contex
t)
Go (erra
nd)
Manage acti
vity
Manage proce
ss
Del
ay (h
ours
)
72
60
48
36
24
12
0
Time deltas per task typeTime deltas per task type
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 16
Findings: per task type patterns
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 16
Findings: per task type patterns
Ò Time deltas Ò Differ between task type.
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 16
Findings: per task type patterns
Ò Time deltas Ò Differ between task type.
Ò (not shown) Creation/Notification Ò broadly two types of tasks:
Ò Created/set to notify during office hours Ò e.g., communicate, go somewhere
Ò Created/set to notify outside of office hours Ò e.g., manage ongoing process, chores
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 17
Patterns 3: By creation time
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 17
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
Patterns 3: By creation time
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 17
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
Patterns 3: By creation time
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 17
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
Patterns 3: By creation time
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 17
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
Patterns 3: By creation time
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 17
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
Patterns 3: By creation time
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 17
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
Patterns 3: By creation time
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 17
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
Patterns 3: By creation time
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 18
“call”
Patterns 3: By terms
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 18
“call”
Patterns 3: By terms
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 18
“call”
Patterns 3: By terms
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 18
“call”
Patterns 3: By terms
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 19
“kids”
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 19
“kids”
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
What is the relation between creation and notification time?
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 20
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 20
“church”
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 21
RQ2: Can we identify patterns in the reminder creation process?
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 21
RQ2: Can we identify patterns in the reminder creation process?
Ò On average people tend to set plans in the evening.
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 21
RQ2: Can we identify patterns in the reminder creation process?
Ò On average people tend to set plans in the evening. Ò Most tasks that drive reminder setting are for short-term
tasks to be executed in the next 24 hours.
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 21
RQ2: Can we identify patterns in the reminder creation process?
Ò On average people tend to set plans in the evening. Ò Most tasks that drive reminder setting are for short-term
tasks to be executed in the next 24 hours.Ò Patterns differ between task types (suggesting the
distinctions are meaningful).
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 21
RQ2: Can we identify patterns in the reminder creation process?
Ò On average people tend to set plans in the evening. Ò Most tasks that drive reminder setting are for short-term
tasks to be executed in the next 24 hours.Ò Patterns differ between task types (suggesting the
distinctions are meaningful).Ò Terms and creation times are informative w.r.t.
notification time.
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 22
RQ3: Can we predict when certain tasks are most likely to happen?
Ò Motivation: Ò See if patterns are informative.
Ò Applications: Ò improve resource scheduling, Ò detect collisions Ò tailored advertising, Ò developing systems to automatically terminate
ongoing tasks/allocate time for task completion
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 23
Findings
Ò Predict notification day with ~70% accuracy. Ò Creation time provides the most information. Ò Terms provides significant additional information.
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 24
In summary
1.Studied frequent reminders, developed task type taxonomy.
2.Shown reminders’ temporal patterns
3.Demonstrated a direction in harnessing patterns; predicting notification times.
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 25
Future work
Ò User studies? Ò assumptions w.r.t. “wrapping up day, planning ahead” Ò validate/check task type taxonomy
Ò Classify task types for improved predictions? Ò More sophisticated predictive models Ò Look at additional reminder types (e.g., location-based)
Analyzing and Predicting Task RemindersWed 13 July 2016, UMAP 2016 26
Thanks!
Ò Questions?
[email protected] @dvdgrs
www.graus.co