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Transcript of Analyze the following graph!. Cummulative Relative Frequency Plot 4 A Frequency is the number of...
![Page 1: Analyze the following graph!. Cummulative Relative Frequency Plot 4 A Frequency is the number of times a given datum occurs in a data set 4 A Relative.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649eb45503460f94bbb6f4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Analyze the following graph!
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Frequency
Frequency
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Cummulative Relative Frequency Plot
A Frequency is the number of times a given datum occurs in a data set
A Relative Frequency is the fraction of times an answer occurs.
A Cummulative Relative Frequency is the accumulation of the relative frequencies.
![Page 3: Analyze the following graph!. Cummulative Relative Frequency Plot 4 A Frequency is the number of times a given datum occurs in a data set 4 A Relative.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649eb45503460f94bbb6f4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Example: Twenty students were asked how many
hours they worked per day. Their responses, in hours, are listed below:
5, 6, 3, 3, 2, 4, 7, 5, 2, 3, 5, 6, 5, 4, 4, 3, 5, 2, 5, 3
![Page 4: Analyze the following graph!. Cummulative Relative Frequency Plot 4 A Frequency is the number of times a given datum occurs in a data set 4 A Relative.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649eb45503460f94bbb6f4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Relative Frequencies
![Page 5: Analyze the following graph!. Cummulative Relative Frequency Plot 4 A Frequency is the number of times a given datum occurs in a data set 4 A Relative.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649eb45503460f94bbb6f4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Chapter 1 & 3
The Role of Statistics&
Graphical Methods for Describing Data
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Descriptive statistics the methods of organizing &
summarizing data
• Create a graph
If the sample of high school GPAs contained 10,000 numbers, how could the data be described or summarized?
• State the range of GPAs• Calculate the average GPA
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Inferential statistics involves making generalizations
from a sample to a populationBased on the sample, if the average GPA for high school graduates was 3.0, what generalization could be made?
The average national GPA for this year’s high school graduate is approximately 3.0.
Could someone claim that the average GPA for PISD graduates is 3.0?
No. Generalizations based on the results of a sample can only be made back to the population from which the sample came from.
Be sure to sample from the population of interest!!
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Types of variables
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Discrete (numerical)
listable set of valuesusually counts of items
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Continuous (numerical)
data can take on any values in the domain of the variable
usually measurements of something
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Classifying variables by the number of variables in a data set
Suppose that the PE coach records the height of each student in his class.
Univariate - data that describes a single characteristic of the population
This is an example of a univariate data
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Classifying variables by the number of variables in a data set
Suppose that the PE coach records the height and weight of each student in his class.
Bivariate - data that describes two characteristics of the population
This is an example of a bivariate data
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Classifying variables by the number
of variables in a data setSuppose that the PE coach records the height, weight, number of sit-ups, and number of push-ups for each student in his class.
Multivariate - data that describes more than two characteristics (beyond the scope of this course)
This is an example of a multivariate data
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Identify the following variables:1. the appraised value of homes in Plano
2. the color of cars in the teacher’s lot
3. the number of calculators owned by students at your school
4. the zip code of an individual
5. the amount of time it takes students to drive to school
Discrete numerical
Discrete numerical
Continuous numerical
Categorical
Categorical
Is money a measurement or a count?
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Types (shapes)of Distributions
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Symmetricalrefers to data in which both sides
are (more or less) the same when the graph is folded vertically down the middle
bell-shaped is a special type–has a center mound with two
sloping tails
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Uniformrefers to data in which every
class has equal or approximately equal frequency
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Skewed (left or right)refers to data in which one
side (tail) is longer than the other side
the direction of skewness is on the side of the longer tail
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Bimodal (multi-modal)refers to data in which two
(or more) classes have the largest frequency & are separated by at least one other class
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How to describe a numerical,
univariate graph
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What strikes you as the most distinctive difference among the distributions of exam scores in classes A, B, & C ?
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Scatter Plots Time Plots
Scatter Plots – Start by placing the explanatory variable on the x-axis, and the response variable on the y-axis. Then plot each point, and look for tendencies. Positive linear correlation, Negative quadratic correlation, ect.
Time Plots – Place the time on the x-axis, and the amount of the y-axis. Plot each point and then connect them. We utilize these to analyze trends as well.