Analytical Devices Made Out of Patterned Paper€¦ · Equipment‐free. Deliverable to end ......

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Analytical Devices Made Out of Patterned Paper Andres W. Martinez Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry California Polytechnic State University

Transcript of Analytical Devices Made Out of Patterned Paper€¦ · Equipment‐free. Deliverable to end ......

Page 1: Analytical Devices Made Out of Patterned Paper€¦ · Equipment‐free. Deliverable to end ... Paper‐Based ELISA vs. Bench‐Top ELISA. Conclusions. MicroPADs are a new platform

Analytical Devices Made Out of Patterned Paper

Andres W. Martinez

Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryCalifornia Polytechnic State University

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Microfluidic Paper‐Based Analytical Devices (MicroPADs)

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• Millions of people die every year from preventable disease.

• Effective diagnosis of disease is the first step towards an appropriate treatment.

• 1st world diagnostic technologies are not always useful in developing countries.

A Global Problem

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ASSURED Diagnostic Tests 

AffordableSensitiveSpecificUser‐friendlyRapid and robustEquipment‐freeDeliverable to end‐users

—World Health Organization

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Current Diagnostic Technologies microfluidic devices dipstick assayslateral‐flow assays

(pregnancy test)

MicroPADs

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large‐scalemanufacturing

easy to stackand transport

disposable

versatilefunctionality

aldehydes, acids, amines, cations, anions, etc.

1)

3)

4)

Paperlow cost ($0.15/m2

for paper towel),widely available in many types

2)

wicks fluids

5)

6)

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Why isn’t everybody making paper-based diagnostic devices?

1 cmurinalysis dipstick lateral-flow immunoassay

(pregnancy test)

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Channels in Paper

1 cm

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Fabrication by Photolithography

i. apply photoresist

ii. pre‐bakeiii. align under a mask

iv. expose to UV lightv. post‐bake

vi. develop

paper

mask1 cm SU‐8 photoresist

chromatographypaper

oblique view cross‐section

Martinez, A.W. et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 1318‐1320

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Fabrication by Wax Printing

1 cm

wax hydrophobic barriercross‐section:

Carrilho, E. et al. Anal. Chem. 2009, 81, 7091‐7095

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Assays on microPADs: Detection of Glucose and BSA

BSA assayreagents

1 cm

exposed to an artificial urine solution containing

glucose and BSA

glucose assay

reagents

[BSA](μM)

500

50

10

5.0

2.5

0

[glucose] (mM)

75

7.5

1.5

0.75

0.38

0

0.5 cm

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Quantitative Paper‐Based Assays

1 cm

Mean: 130.12

Dip device into sample 

Device wicks sample into test zones

Color develops for each assay

Scan or photograph the device

Select test zonesand record mean intensity using Adobe®Photoshop®

Martinez, A.W. et al. Anal. Chem. 2008, 80, 3699‐3707

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[Glucose], mM

Known Concentration

Observed Concentration

2.5 2.3 ± 0.5

3.5 3.9 ± 0.7

4.5 4.5 ± 0.7

[BSA], μM

Known Concentration

Observed Concentration

25 27 ± 7

35 36 ± 8

45 44 ± 7

Telemedicine: Quantitative Assays Using a microPAD and a Camera Phone

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Three‐Dimensional microPADs

Martinez, A.W. et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2008, 105, 19606‐19611

0.2 min 2 min 4 min

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• 4 samples distributed into 64 detection zones.3‐D μPADs for Sample Distribution

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Paper‐Based ELISA

Cheng, C.M. et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 4771‐4774

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Paper‐Based ELISA vs. Bench‐Top ELISA

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ConclusionsMicroPADs are a new platform for ASSURED 

diagnostic tests.

MicroPADs:   1. are simple to use2. detect multiple analytes3. are portable4. are inexpensive5. use small volumes of sample

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AcknowledgmentsGeorge WhitesidesManish ButteEmanuel CarrilhoChao‐Min ChengAudrey EllerbeeMalancha GuptaNina JainJustin KohMonica Mascareñas

Katherine MiricaZhihong NieScott PhillipsAdam SiegelHayat SindiSam ThomasSarah VellaBen WileyThe Whitesides group

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Questions?