Raw Data

Qualitative Data During the experiment, the CuSO4 changes colour from blue to grey. Also the powder of CuSO4 slightly melted together.

Processed Data Average=(sum of all given data)/(the number of data)Ex) (0.72+0.73)/2= 0.725 >>rounded down to 0.72 *Except, (1.03+1.04)/2=1.035 >>rounded up to 104.*Since all average except for the average of 2.8g of mass of hydrate was rounded down, we can assume that the precision of the data is still closer to being accurate(?)

Amount of hydrate (mol)=(mass of hydrate)/(molar mass of CuSO4)Ex) 2.0/250= 0.008

Moles of Water Lost=(mass of water lost)/(molar mass of H20)Ex) 0.72/18= 0.040

% uncertainty of mass of hydrate: (0.001/2.00)x100= 0.5

Absolute uncertainty of mass of hydrate in (mol)= 0.008 x 0.005= 0.00004>> 0.00004 is too small of a number and therefore it is insignificant. Therefore, we consider the absolute uncertainty of mass of hydrate as +/-0.

% uncertainty of water: (0.02/0.72) x 100= 3%Absolute uncertainty of mass of water lost: 0.04 x 0.03=0.0012>>round down 0.0012 to 0.001

Mass (g) ± uncertaintymass of crucible 29.29+/- 0.02gmass of crucible + hydrate 31.5mass of hydrate (subtract from above) 2.21mass of crucible + anhydrous compound(once cooled)

30.69

mass of water lost (subtract from above)

0.81

Mass of Hydrate(g ±0.01)

Trial 1Mass of Water Lost(g ±0.02)

Trial 2Mass of Water Lost(g ±0.02)

2.0 0.72 0.732.2 0.76 0.812.4 0.86 0.912.6 0.94 X2.8 1.03 1.04

%of propagate uncertainty error(?): 5.05/0.09=(divide the number of H20 in CuSO4 by the number of uncertainty)

Uncertainty of mass of water lost:When we get the mass of water lost, we subtract the mass of CuSO4 after combustion from the first mass of CuSO4. To calculate the uncertainty of the result, we subtract the smallest possible number of uncertainty from the biggest uncertainty. >>(+/-0.01)+(+/-0.01)= +/- 0.02=the uncertainty of the mass of water lost

Mass of Hydrate(g+/-0.001)

Amount of Hydrate (mol)

Average mass of water lost(g+/-0.002)

Moles of Water lost (mol+/-0.01)

2.0 0.008 0.72 0.0402.2 0.009 0.78 0.0432.4 0.010 0.88 0.0492.6 0.010 0.94 0.0522.8 0.011 1.04 0.058

First, from the collected data, we calculated each of the average of water lost from 5 different experiments. In order to express the amount of hydrate in moles, we take the 5 different mass of hydrate and divided by 250, the molar mass of CuSO4. From the measured loss of water, we converted the amount of water into unit of mols. With the data of the amount of water lost in units of mol, and the amount of hydrate in mols, we created a propagated graph. From the graph

created, we can figure out an approximate number of H20 contained in a CuSO4 hydrate from the slope.