ANALYSIS OF THERMO -PLAST COATING PROCESSzoomin.idt.mdh.se/course/kpp319/HT2012/Report... · KPP319...

A SIMULATION-BASED STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF

THERMO-PLAST COATING PROCESS

IN

ALVENIUS COMPANY

KPP319 INDUSTRIAL EXCELLENCE

Authors

Group 8

(Zeinab Sayahi, Umer shafique)

School of Innovation, Design and Engineering – IDT

Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna, Sweden

KPP319 Industrial Excellence

ABSTRACT This paper represents a simulation based study of “Thermo-Plast Coating process” in Alvenius

Company. Alvenius is a swedish leading manufacturer of steel and aluminum pipes. It was

founded in 1951 in Eskilstuna while they started the production with steel pipe systems used in

mining industry. Today, products of this company, based on their usages, are divided into five

main categories including: fire protection, industry, mining and tunneling, snowmaking and

Miscellaneous.

This project concentrates on the production line of the newest product from Alvenius, the inside

and outside thermoplastic coated pipe, called TP-pipe system. This system has within several

applications outperformed stainless steel, when it comes to corrosion protection and service life.

The aim of the project is to perform a deep study on the manufacturing process, visualize and

analyze the current process flow by the help of simulation softwares, find probable problems in

the process and finally come up with some recommendation for production improvement and

efficiency enhancement. It has been tried to provide the readers with a clear view of the

production line, a precise analysis on process flow and introduce potential areas of

improvement.

The process flow undergoes some major bottlenecks which decrease the efficiency in the entire

production line. In this project, by the help of two simulation softawres, Extendsim 7 and 3D-

Create, an accurate analysis has been done on the current process flow. Furthermore, extra

scenarios of potential improvements have been simulated to investigate the effects of changes in

the production line.


Contents

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................... 1

BACKGROUND AND DESCRIPTION OF SIMULATION CASE..................................................................................................................... 1

OBJECTIVES AND GOALS ........................................................................................................................................................................... 1

Project plan ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 2

EXPECTED RESULTS.................................................................................................................................................................................. 2

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................................ 3

SIMULATION AS A TOOL WITHIN PRODUCTION AND LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT .............................................................................. 3

DISCRETE EVENT SIMULATION ............................................................................................................................................................... 3

PROCESS DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................................... 4

PROBLEM AND REASON FOR SIMULATION ............................................................................................................................................ 7

DATA COLLECTION ................................................................................................................................................................................... 8

MODEL ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 8

SIMULATION MODEL CONSTRUCTION................................................................................................................................................... 8

LOGICAL MODEL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................................................... 14

3D MODEL DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................................................................................... 19

VALIDITY AND RELEVANCE OF THE MODEL ....................................................................................................................................... 23

SIMULATION ...................................................................................................................................................................... 23

DESCRIPTION OF SIMULATION ............................................................................................................................................................. 23

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS ....................................................................................................................................... 26

REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................................................... 27


1

INTRODUCTION

This project is an academic study on the thermo-plasctic coating process which is currently

performing in Alvenius Company, a leading manufacturer of steel pipes in Sweden. The aim of

the project is to analyze the current production flow by simulation softwares, introduce

potential areas of improvement, propose practical solutions and schemes for improvement and

finally perform the simulation for suggested solutions to investigate the outcome.

BACKGROUND AND DESCRIPTION OF SIMULATION CASE

This study has been performed in the production line of “Thermo-plast Coating” in Alvenius

Company. In this process, steel pipes enter the production line as raw material; in order to get

prepared to receive coating material, they pass through several steps of operation; then by the

use of heat, they are covered by the thermoplastic substance. The output of this process is an

inside and outside coated pipe with thermoplastic, which combines the strength of steel and

resistance of thermoplastic to cope with a wide variety of corrosive media. The Tp pipes are

used in applications such as heap leaching for copper, gold and zink, dewatering, process water,

firefighting and for media with acid water, high content of chloride or salt. Tp pipes have

superior resistance to pitting corrosion and have a significantly longer service life than for

example stainless steel 316L. Pipes have pressure resistance up to 70 bar (1000 psi) and

diameter range is from 89mm to 508mm. The pipe which we perused it in our study has a

diameter of 114mm, thickness of 2mm and a length of 6000 mm.

OBJECTIVES AND GOALS

The project goal is to study the current production process, analyze the flow of materials, find

existing problems and bottlenecks in the process flow. And then lay out suggestions for

improvement and finally investigate the effects of improvements in the production system.

Apparently, there is a queue before oven. Due to the heat transfer that occurs during doors

opening, oven needs to have a shut down after removing 8 pipes. Also, with losing a large

amount of heat, it takes more time for the oven to warm up the pipes to 250 ᵒC. But there is no

estimation in the company of the result when oven`s system is improved. So, we go on with

simulating the process to observe the current flow and then implement possible verifications of

improvements, find the effects of changes in the process and give a documented comparison

between current and revised production process.

This project includes several performed tasks, but the main part of the project is process

simulation which is implemented in Extendsim and 3D-Create. Project objectives in simulating

the process line of the Thermoplast-coating are:

• Simulate the current process of production in Extendsim and 3D-Create softwares


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• Specify where there are bottlenecks in the process and find how to eliminate them

• Find which parts of the production can be improved and try to come up with some

solutions to improve those parts and consequently improve the whole production line

• Define an efficient production by minimizing bottle necks, cost and waste

• implement the improvements in the simulation softwares and get the result

• compare the verified model with the current one

Project plan

Project Plan has been as the chart below.

PROJECT PLAN Project name: A Simulation-based study and Analysis of Thermo-Plast Coating Process in Alvenius Company

Prepared by : Zeinab Sayahi

Week

Activity 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

Project start

Company Contact

First visit of the Company

Practicing with Extendsim

Modeling with Extendsim

Report Preparation

Second visit of the Company

Practicing with 3D-Create

Modeling with 3D-Create

Evaluation & Improvements

Presentation

EXPECTED RESULTS

The project aims is to investigate the flow of materials in one of the production units in Alvenius

Company and come up with suggestion to improve the production system.

By using Extendsim and 3D-Create simulation softwares, two models of current existing process

are prepared. The aim is to answer the question “Which parts of material flow have problem?”.

These models visualize the materials flow in production line. So, all fluctuations and bottlenecks

are clearly illustrated by running the models. Then we try to answer “How to remove problems

and bottlenecks?”. Several solutions are analyzed to smoothen the material flow and remove

bottlenecks. Solutions need some changes in the production line. New simulation models are

prepared to investigate the role of changes in the process flow. So, not only it is possible to

observe the effect of each and every change in the process, but also in the simulation models, we

can apply all improvements which are required to remove all bottlenecks. New models give a

logical comparison between current situation and improved one. With a firm proof based on

simulation of process, we can explain which parts need to be improved and what will be the

consequence of modifications in production system.


3

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

SIMULATION AS A TOOL WITHIN PRODUCTION AND LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT

Simulation is a technology that enables analyzing production systems by using accurate data and

statistics. It can be used for design, development, analysis and optimization of various

production processes. Process simulation softwares provide a representing model of a process

which the impact, value and cost of changes for optimization can be investigated in a quick and

cost-effective way. Proposed improvements can be analyzed and then implemented in the real

system with more confidence of their efficiency.

Simulation softwares can improve lean manufacturing in the achievement of its goal in

elimination of wastes; by analyzing a simulation model, non value-added activities can be

recognized and investigated within the system. Simulation softwares are particularly useful for

large and complex production systems which include several effecting factors and parameters.

By creating a computerized version of the process, various decision-making scenarios can be

tried. Another advantage of simulation softwares is that the system can be run in short time;

because simulation softwares are able to compress the time. So it is much cheaper and easier to

extract data from simulation model in comparison with real process. Simulation softwares can

be employed to analyze and manage logistics systems as well. Alternative scenarios can be

derived and evaluated very quickly. The impact of different factors and changes can be

visualized easily, and the most cost-effective reaction can be chosen.

In addition, the communication between people who work on a same plan is much easier by

using simulation models.

DISCRETE EVENT SIMULATION

In discrete-event simulation, the operation of a system is represented as a

chronological sequence of events. Each event occurs at an instant in time and marks a change of

state in the system. For example, if an elevator is simulated, an event could be "level 6 button

pressed", with the resulting system state of "lift moving" and eventually (unless one chooses to

simulate the failure of the lift) "lift at level 6". (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete_event_simulation)

In constructing a manufacturing discrete event model, in addition to blocks which represent

events in a process, discrete event simulation model usually includes Clock, Event List, Random-

Number Generator, Statistics and Ending Condition.

Discrete event simulation is a tool which helps to identify problems in a process. It also helps to

recognize best solutions for those problems. So, less cost and effort is required in material flow

optimization.


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PROCESS DESCRIPTION

Figure 1: Process line “Pipe Coating“

The Pipe coating process is main task of our simulation project. The input materials for this

production line are steel pipes which are produced in other section of the factory. Those steel

pipes are made of sheet metals bought from Alvenius´s suppliers.

As shown in figure 1, after loading from a resource, uncoated pipes run though several

processing steps. To prepare the surface of the pipes there is first an outside blasting followed

by an inside blasting of the pipes. When the pipes are stored outside, rust can be formed on the

surface of pipes, due to the humidity. The pipes can´t be processed further this way. So they have

to be purified before. For the blasting, Alvenius uses metal grenols. With high air pressure this

material is grated along the pipe´s surface so that a rust- and dirt-free surface is created. The

outside blasting can be done for one pipe at a time. After that the pipes are stored in a queue,

waiting for the inside blasting. Inside blasting works basically the same way as outside blasting.

A thinner pipe is inserted in the pipe to be processed. This pipe rotates and spreads under air

pressure the blasting material into the pipe. In this step two pipes are processed parallel. After

this step the pipes are stored again in a queue in front of the oven.


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Figure 2: Outside Blasting Figure 3: Inside Blasting

Subsequently the pipes are heated in the oven, because they have to be hot, when they are

dipped into the Thermoplasting powder. Otherwise this powder wouldn´t melt on the surface

correctly. The oven has a temperature about 250°C to 300°C. The capacity in the oven depends

on the size of pipes. It can vary between 8 and 18 pipes. For the diameter of 114,3mm the

capacity is 18 pipes. Inside the oven, pipes are fixed on a conveyor belt without rotating them.

The heat in the oven is distributed by two fans, so that the pipes are heated evenly.

Figure 4: Oven Entrance and Exit doors

After heating, one pipe comes out of the oven and it is picked by a robot. First, pipe receives

coating substance on its internal surface. Same robot runs the pipe through the Thermoplast-

coating. Pipe is dipped into the coating material which is floating as powder in the bath. The

material melts on the pipe´s external surface because of the heat. In the coating section of the

process, first, pipes are coated inside. Afterwards, the pipe is completely submerged into the

coating powder bath for the external coating. The robot, which holds pipe, rotates the pipe

during this process. Because of the fixture in robot, only one pipe at a time can run through this

step.


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Figure 5: External Coating Bath

In the next steps, pipes run through a manual repair. At the fixture points, pipes are not covered

with powder. So two workers cover the pipes at both ends with powder again and reheat the

pipe ends.

Figure 6: Manual Repair

Then the pipes are cooled down in a waiting queue and then tested on defects. With proof

equipment they generate a voltage. One clip is connected to metallic material. With the other end

they investigate the surface of the pipe. If there is any failure in the coating material a current

will flow and a sound signal will give a warning.

Figure 7: Test stage


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Followed by another manual repair step, where the touch-points with the conveyor belt during

the cooling process are fixed, pipes` ends are closed by a plastic cap. Also a label is set on the

pipe which includes the manufacturer name and part name, sizes and ID number. At last they are

packed in groups of fourteen and loaded.

Figure 8: Packed Pipes, ready to leave

PROBLEM AND REASON FOR SIMULATION

By studying the production unit, it is obvious that there are some bottlenecks in material flow.

By using some inefficient machines, there are waste of time and energy. One of main problems in

the production process is the step between oven and Thermoplastic coating. The oven can hold

18 pipes at one time. After the heating, which lasts for 62,1 minutes for one pipe, the oven door

opens and three pipes come out, but only one pipe is picked up by the robot. During this time the

other two pipes lose some of their heat and have to go back to the oven to be heated again.

Beside this problem which pipes become colder, there are two other major disadvantages. The

first big disadvantage of this step is that a lot of heating energy gets lost, because the oven door

is opened for quite a long time. So the oven has to be reheated after every 8th pipe for about 15

minutes. Secondly the reheating takes not only energy and time in the production line, but also

turns the oven into a bottleneck in the process. A big amount of pipes accumulates in front of the

oven and has to wait. It makes the entire production inefficient and increases the costs.

Simulation is done to study current circumstance of production and investigate influencing

factors on material flow.

The objectives of simulating the process line of the Thermoplast-coating are:

• Simulate the current process of production in Extendsim and 3D-Create softwares

• Specify where there are bottlenecks in the process and find how to eliminate them

• Find which parts of the production can be improved and try to come up with some

solutions to improve those parts and consequently improve the whole production line

• Define an efficient production by minimizing bottle necks, cost and waste

• implement the improvements in the simulation softwares and get the result

• compare the verified model with the current one


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DATA COLLECTION

Data related to production process are gathered directly from the production line. At the first

visit, the technical manager prepared the group by a comprehensive explanation about the

company, as well as thermo-plastic coating process, its material flow, layout of the production

facilities, and product specification. After first visit of the factory, a primary model of process

was prepared. And within the second visit, with the cooperation of production manager, more

data related to details of production line was collected. All involved equipments in the

production were investigated. Cycle time for all operations in the process, were collected.

Furthermore, details about machines and their characteristics were studied. Also, some data

related to company, its activities and products were extracted from Alvenius webpage.

MODEL

SIMULATION MODEL CONSTRUCTION

The entire simulation has been implemented with the Simulation Software ExtendSim7. The

production of the pipes can be described in a serial manufacturing process. Discrete event model

is used to simulate the process. Figure 9 illustrates the final simulation model.

Figure 9: final simulation model

For the Modeling we used blocks from Item, Value and Plotter libraries. Because a working day

last for 8 hours a day the running time (End Time) for our simulation is set to 8 hours.

As shown in figure 10, at the beginning, we prepared a simple simulation of the whole process

without going through the details. After model completion, we started to pay more attention to

details and make the process as it is in the real life.


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Figure 10: Initial simulation model

The first version of Simulation is a good working but very abstract version of the production line

of TP-pipes. To adapt the simulation more to the real process, we had to do some improvements.

The simulation model starts with the outdoor storage which contains a large number of steel

pipes. Pipes are carried into indoor storage which includes 30 pipes. In the rout between

Outdoor and indoor storages, there is a Gate block beside a Decision block. During the process,

whenever the number of pipes in the Queue block, after the “Select Item In” block, falls under a

minimum of 5, the gate opens and more pipes are transferred from outdoor to fill the capacity of

30 pipes.

From this block, items are lead to the first processing step- the outside blasting. A simple

“Activity” blocks is suitable for this step. The outside blasting only takes 2.5 minutes. One item at

a time can pass through this activity block.

After the outside blasting, pipes go to the inside blasting. But we put a queue block before Inside

Blasting to observe the queue length before this step. Since inside blasting takes about 7


10

minutes, much more than outside blasting, it is a probable bottleneck in the process. Even

though two pipes are handled parallel in this step, pipes can be accumulated in front of this

machine due to its long cycle time. The same queue block should be between inside blasting and

the oven, because heating the pipes in the oven takes about 62 minutes. So we placed a queue in

front of the oven as well. A “Plotter” block will show us a record of queue length before inside

blasting and oven. Pipes enter inside-blasting machine 2 by 2.

To simulate the fact that inside blasting is done parallel for two pipes, we inserted a batch block

before inside blasting and an unbatch block after this activity, so that both pipes go inside the

activity exactly at the same time.

Oven is warmed up before the production is started and is only switched on when there are

enough pipes to fill the oven full – otherwise this would be waste of energy. In the real

production line, just in the beginning of the day, there are a lot of pipes stored as the queue

before the oven; which are produced the day before. To simulate same matter, we added an

extra “Resource item” block to fill the oven at the beginning of the production. Now we pretend

that the simulation starts in this moment the oven is switched on. In other words, when the

process starts, oven has a full capacity for 18 pipes. The oven is represented by a queue block

and the oven door is the actual activity block.

When the oven door opens a lot of heat comes out and heating energy gets lost, because the oven

door stays opened for quite a long time. Therefore the oven has to be reheated after every 8th

pipe. Reheating takes about 15min. For a shutdown of 15 minutes, for each 8-pipes, we have

used scheduled shutdown for the activity block of oven to adjust the time for every 8 pipes. After

27,6 minutes (the time for 8 pipes) a Create block creates an item that initiate a shutdown so

that no pipe can pass this activity during the next 15 minutes.

When the oven is under shutdown, there are no pipes go in or out. The model which we have

used in our simulation makes it possible to close the doors. It also enables the oven to release

only one pipe in every 3.45 minutes. The whole time for a pipe which stays inside the oven is

(18*3,45= )62.1 minutes.


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The “information” block, beside the oven, records released pipes from oven with the time of

their exit. The table below, is a part of its record witch is reported by “Plotter, Discrete Event”

block. As highlighted in the table, between pipe no. 8 and 9 there is a shutdown.

Time No.

0 0

3,45 1

6,9 2

10,35 3

13,8 4

17,25 5

20,7 6

24,15 7

27,6 8

42,6 9

46,05 10

49,5 11

52,95 12

56,4 13

Table 1: released pipes from oven

The heating in the oven is followed by three short steps –inside Thermoplasting, outside

Thermoplasting and manual repair of the pipes. Both inside Thermoplasting and outside

Thermoplasting take not more time than one minute. The manual repair of the pipes is

necessary because the Thermoplasting material can´t reach the pipe´s surface at the fixtures

touch-points. So two workers have to cover the pipes at this point again with Thermoplasting

powder and reheat the pipe ends to melt the material.


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Thereafter the pipes are stored to cool down. We implemented this part with another Queue,

because in the reality it is like a queue. Pipes stay in the queue until operators come to them for

testing, usually in the oven shutdown time.

One in ten pipes is tested for any probable failures in the coating. So in our model, we have used

a ”set” block with a “Random Number” block, to divide pipes by 0.9 and o.1 probabilities. Then

by using “Select Item Out” and “Select Item In” blocks we defined the Rout for pipes with the

probabilities of 90% and 10%. There is an activity block in the testing rout which will do testing

on the passing pipes. So, 90% of items pass the first line and go right to the next step and 10%

(one in ten) are leaded to the other line and pass test Activity block that has 1 minute delay.

This step is followed by two other Activity blocks- one for another manual repair and one for

equip the pipes with caps at the ends and a label introducing the manufacturer and pipe ID

number. Both steps take only ca. 1 minute. As the final step the pipes are packed in groups of 14

and loaded to a storage place. For packing the pipes together we used a Batch block in the

simulation. The process ends with the Exit block which represents the storing.

To measure the important information for our simulation we added also two Plotter blocks. One

measures the amount of items in the two queue blocks in front of the inside blasting and the

oven and compares both values. So we can observe which part of the production turns into a

bottleneck, when we change different parameters.


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The other plotter measures the numbers and time of items passing the oven, the time and

numbers of shutdowns in the oven and also counts the produced packages of pipes at the end of

production line.

After running the simulation, we have following results from two plotters.

Figure 11: Queue Lengths before Inside Blasting and Oven

After Oven shut down Packages Products

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3,45 1 27,6 1 71,95 1 12,1 1

6,9 2 42,6 0 150,25 2 15,55 2

10,35 3 70,2 1 236,25 3 19 3

13,8 4 85,2 0 320,25 4 22,45 4

17,25 5 112,8 1 405,25 5 25,9 5

20,7 6 127,8 0 471,9 6 30,35 6

24,15 7 155,3 1 480 6 32,8 7

27,6 8 170,3 0 51,25 8

42,6 9 197,8 1 55,7 9

46,05 10 212,8 0 58,15 10

49,5 11 240,3 1 61,6 11

Table 2: data from running the simulation

Queue before

Inside Blasting

Queue before Oven


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LOGICAL MODEL DESCRIPTION

Description of used blocks in the model (Extendsim)

Resource <Item>: This item stores and prepares items which are used as product in the

production process. It is like a storage room which the user can define the initial numbers of

items.

Decision <Value>: This block makes a decision based on the inputs and defined logic between

two parameters A and B. The block lets the user to select a comparison between A and B values.

A is an input parameter; there is a connection on the top of block which can be connected to

another block to define the parameter of A. Parameter of B can be either defined by the user

within the block or be as input (if the B connection is connected to another block). It has two

outputs N and Y. If the condition is satisfied, output in Y is 1 and in N is 0.


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Gate <Item>: It controls the passing of items through a portion of the model. The function of

this block can be defined under 3 types of condition: Conditional gating with items, conditional

gating with values, area gating. In this model “conditional gating with values” is used. In the

conditional gating with values, items will pass through gate, as long as the value at demand is

greater than 0.5. The value enters the block from “output Y” in “Decision” block. So, as long as the

condition in block decision is satisfied, it sends a value of 1 to the Gate Block. Since gate block

receives a value more than 0.5, it opens and lets the items to pass through.

Queue <Item>: It queues and releases items based on the conditions that are defined by the

user. In the “Queue Blocks” used in the model of this project, “minimum queue length” and

“minimum wait time” are defined in accordance with production specifications.


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Activity <Item>: Holds a number of items and passes them out in accordance with the

parameters specified in Process tab. On the process tab user defines the capacity of the block

which is the number of items under operation in the block at once; and also how long each item

will take to process. In addition, shutdown can be defined for every activity block, by using

shutdown tab in this block. In the prepared model for this project, shutdown schedule is

received from an “Activity Block”. As shown in the picture below, “SD (shutdown) input from” is

adjusted to “value connection”. So when Activity block receives a value of 0 from Create block,

shutdown starts. And when it receives a value of 1 from create block, shut down finishes.

Create <Item>: In this model, create block prepares and sends values of 1 and 0 to SD

connection of Oven activity block, in accordance with a defined schedule. The schedule is

specified so that there is a 15-minutes shutdown after every 8 pipes in the oven.


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Batch <Item>: This block joins several items as a single item. In this model it is used to

facilitate the “Inside Blasting” machine to process 2pipes at once.

Unbatch <Item>: Produces several items from a single input item. In this model, it is used

after Inside Blasting activity, to unbatch the 2-pipe batch which was created before.

Set <Item>: Assigns the properties of items passing through the block. In our prepared model,

the property values are input from “Random Number” block connector.

Random Number <Value>: As shown in the below figure, the first column values are defined

and in the second column the probability of that value is specified. The value column contains

“with test” and “without test” values that will be output. Probability describes the chance that

value will occur. In current project, 1 pipe in every 10 pipes will be tested. So, the probability for

“with test” is 0.1.


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Select Item Out <Item>: This block determines the routs for input items with different

identities of “with test” and “without test”. It defines different values of 0 and 1 for “Select

Output”. And then allocates top output to items with “Select Output” value of 0.

Select Item In <Item>: In here, it merges all items together, either with test or without test.

Exit <Item>: Passes items out of the simulation. By the connection to a plotter, produced

packages in the model are recorded.

Plotter: In this simulation model, plotters record and illustrate following factors:

• Queue length before “Oven“ and “Inside Blasting“

• Time and Qty. of produced pipes and finished packages

• Time and Qty. of Shut-downs


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3D MODEL DESCRIPTION

Following figures illustrate a view of components which are used in creating 3D-create simulation model. Components act as different operation steps. Figures also show the related

tables with used data within the components.

Inserting Pipes: Creator

The model starts to work with Creator component which inserts one pipe to the system every

150 seconds. 150 seconds is adjusted in accordance with outside blasting machine.

As explained in Extendsim model, in order to simulate the process as real as possible, and

considering that the oven is full in its capacity just when the process starts, a second creator is

used before oven to full fill this requirement.


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Outside Blasting: manual Work Station

Inside Blasting: manual Work Station

Since Inside Blasting machine has a capacity of 2pipes, components Bundler and Debundler are

used to facilitate this purpose.

Oven: Process Point conveyor


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Inside Coating: Component wrapper

Outside Coating: Process Machine Worktable and Robot “MD400N” with Machine Tending Robot

Manager

Manual Repair: Manual Work Station


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Test: Modular Testing machine

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