analysis of end of recycling · 2020. 12. 17. · VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd Net...

The project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 642231

The Near‐Zero European Waste Innovation NetworkBottleneck analysis of end‐of‐

life waste recycling

14.02.2017 Berlin, 3rd PROMETIA Scientiffic Seminar

3rd PROMETIA Scientiffic Seminar14.12.2016, Berlin

John Bachér ‐VTT

14/02/2017 2

VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd

Net turnover and other operating income 272 M€ for VTT Group in 2015(VTT Group’s turnover 185 M€ in 2015)

Personnel 2,470 (VTT Group 31.12.2015 )

Unique research and testing infrastructure

Wide national and international cooperation network

We use4 million

hours of brainpower a year to develop

new technological solutions

36% of Finnish

innovationsinclude VTT

expertise

TOP 2VTT is second

most active patenting

organisation in Finland (2014) A leading R&D organisation

in Nordic countries We provide expert services

for our domestic and international customers and partners, both in private and public sectors

The project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 64223114.02.2017 Berlin, 3rd PROMETIA Scientiffic Seminar

Content of the presentation

• Background of New_InnoNet project• Bottleneck analysis method• Bottleneck analysis example on end‐of‐life vehicle

(ELV)• Crosslinking results from all three analysis


New_InnoNet project

• Set‐up and maintain near zero waste stakeholders platform• Analyse selected waste streams and develop innovation

roadmaps per waste stream• Automotive – End‐of‐Life Vehicles• ICT –WEEE • Plastic packaging

• Develop an integrated near zero waste strategic research and innovation agenda

• Facilitate interaction among mobilized stakeholders


4 lines of action in New_InnoNet

ACTION LINE 3 Shared vision and roadmaps

create an industry‐supported common vision as a basis for the shift towards the near‐zero waste economy,

develop Roadmaps for three selected value chains

ACTION LINE 2 Bottlenecks and best practices

identify and analyse existing bottlenecks on transition from linear to circular approach in value chains,

gather and cluster existing and in the pipeline solutions to overcome them

ACTION LINE 1 Value chains and stakeholders

identify and involve relevant stakeholders in shaping our future's economy,

analyze their position, roles, interests and attitude to the circular economy concept

ACTION LINE 4 Strategic R& I Agenda

develop a Strategic R&I Agenda for waste reduction targets in value chains

propose policy recommendations to foster the near‐zero waste economy


Bottleneck analysis methodology


Bottleneck analysis – target

Objectives• To identify, analyse and prioritize existing bottlenecks of transition

towards near zero waste value chains• WEEE • ELV • plastics packaging

• To define commonalities between value chains and bottlenecks


Bottleneck analysis – approach

Task 1. Development of a common methodology for bottleneck analysis Tasks 2, 3 and 4. Analysis of the WEEE, ELV and plastics packaging waste value chains using the methodology

Step 1Description of value chains• Operations, actors and products• Covering whole the product cycle,

main focus on waste value chain

Step 2Identification of the bottlenecks of transition towards near zero waste value chains


Bottleneck analysis – approach

Step 3 Analysis of the effects of removing of the bottlenecks

• Analysis criteria: Economic value, improval of material and environmental efficiency

Step 4Prioritisation of the bottlenecks by sector experts using Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods

• Performed by sector experts in a workshop• Giving weights to the criteria and calculation

of weighed values of the bottlenecks

Objective

Criteria 1 Criteria 3Criteria 2

Alternative A Alternative B

Definition ScaleEqually important 1‐ 2Moderately more important 3‐ 4Strongly more important 5‐ 6Very stronglymore important 7‐ 8Extremely more important 9


ELV bottleneck analysis


ELV value chain

Production chain

Waste supply chain


Car composition now and in future

2013

Steel Alumimium Iron Copper Other Metals Non Metallics

2025

Steel Alumimium Iron Copper Other Metals Non Metallics

Source: Automotive Aluminum Growth and Joining Trends, 2014


ELV mass balance – best practice example

Source: van der Have et al. 2016

Material mass balance Recycling realization

SLF: Shredder light fractionSHF: Shredder heavy fraction(includes non‐ferrous metals)


Identified bottlenecks

Altogether 15 bottlenecks were identified in ELV value chain• 5 bottlenecks with quantifiable background data were selected

for the MCDM process (sector experts workshop)• 10 additional bottlenecks were identified however not analyzed

with MCDM due to the lack of data

Performance of separation, technology

Performance of

dismantling/ reuse

Limited and low quality application outlet for

non‐metallicsPerformance of collection

and monitoring

Low‐cost of energy

recovery and landfilling alternatives


Criteria weights and bottleneck analysis

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

0.5

Losses ofplastics

Losses of Fe‐metals

Losses of nonFe‐metals

Cost of recycling

Weights of ELV criteria

0.000

0.050

0.100

0.150

0.200

0.250

0.300

Inadequateperformance

of theseparation,sorting andrefining

technology

Inadequateperformanceof vehicledismantlingand reuseapplication

Limited andlow qualityapplicationoutlets of

non‐metallicELV

materials

Inadequateperformance

of ELVcollection

andmonitoring

Low‐cost ofenergy

recovery andlandfillingalternativescompared tomaterialrecovery

ELV bottlenecks

Losses of plastics Losses of Fe‐metals

Losses of non Fe‐metals Cost of recycling


Sensitivity of criteria weights


Conclusions

• The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) highlighted • Inadequate performance of vehicle dismantling and reuse application as the

most valued decision alternative of the analysed five bottlenecks. • Inadequate performance of the separation, sorting and refining technology as

well as Inadequate performance of ELV collection and monitoring were valued nearly as strongly as the first one.

• The remaining two qualitative nature bearing bottlenecks gained clearly lower importance than the three technical ones.

• The “Cost of recycling criteria” dominated in nearly all bottlenecks and was seen as one of the most determining criteria in all bottlenecks

• “Losses of non‐Fe metals” criteria played significant role especially in the technical nature bearing bottlenecks.

• The sensitivity of results to individual criterion weights revealed that all criteria except “Losses of plastics” could change the most valuable bottleneck between the three technical ones.


Cross‐linking the results per value chain


Objectives and findings

• Main aim to identify commonalities between bottlenecks • To enhance development of unified or interlinked solutions

applicable for several value chains• To enhance transfer of knowledge between value chains

• Many similarities in the operational environment, value chains and materials identifies

• Many similarities in bottlenecks, although differences in detail and weighing

• High‐priority bottlenecks were linked to the following categories:

• Inefficient collection and monitoring of the collection systems• Sorting, recycling and recovery technologies• Product design/composition of the input material


Findings and exploitation

• Bottlenecks/challenges are interlinked, several different types of actions needed to remove/ reduce the impact of the bottlenecks

• Legislative, economic, etc. incentives can be seen as key enablers of the solutions

Exploitation of the results• Report available for stakeholders on

project web pages• Can be exploited both by actors of

the WEEE, ELV and Plastic packaging sector• Also widely for other sectors and actors

of the society• In New_InnoNet the analysis provided

input to innovation roadmaps and strategic research and innovation agenda


Further information

All Value chain analysis reports and bottleneck commonalities report (D2.5 Bottleneck_analysis_key_findings_and_commonalities.pdf) are public and free for download from http://www.newinnonet.eu/


TheConsortiumPNO CONSULTANTS, Netherland

Van Gansewinkel Groep, Netherlands

Tecnalia Research & Innovation ‐Construction Unit, Spain

VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland

STIFTELSEN SINTEF, Norway

Swedish Environmental Research Institute IVL, Sweden

Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas (IETU), Poland

ARN HOLDING, Netherlands

Plastics Recyclers Europe, Belgium

European Plastics Converters, Belgium

Environmental Performance Agency IHOBE, Spain

VITO, Belgium


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analysis of end of recycling · 2020. 12. 17. · VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd Net...

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