International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)

Volume 4 Issue 6, September-October 2020 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470

@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD33392 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 6 | September-October 2020 Page 347

Analysis and Design of a Multistory Reinforced Concrete Frame in Different Seismic Zone

Vikash Kumar1, Juhi Nigam2, Barun Kumar2

1Research Scholar, 2Assistant Professor, 1,2Department of Civil Engineering, 1,2Lakshmi Narain College of Technology (LNCT), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

ABSTRACT This study work focuses on the analysis of a structural system of a basic framework to decide the distortions and correlation of steel amount of seismic zones. In this examination, we have taken G+12 multi-celebrated RC second opposing surrounded structure working with the shear divider by investigating the structure for gravity load, wind load and seismic burdens for various urban areas. By selecting four distinct urban communities based on seismic zones (zone II, zone III, zone IV and zone V) and furthermore thinking about that the fundamental breeze speed. We have predominantly center around the basic framework to decide the distortions and furthermore powers instigated by applied loads or ground excitation is a basic advance in the plan of a structure to oppose seismic tremor. The examination and plan for all the urban areas are completed utilizing 'STAAD Pro' and 'STAAD Foundation' programming which are industry standard programming the world over. The breeze safe structure is done according to IS 875: (Part 3) 1987 and the tremor safe plan is done according to IS 1893: (Part 1) 2002. Investigation and structure of bars, segments and shear divider have been done in STAAD Pro and the establishment is done in STAAD Foundation. We have additionally checked the structure of certain shafts, sections, and footings physically and find right. Structure of RCC chunks is completed physically for which an exceed expectations sheet is produced for working out second coefficients for various edge conditions according to IS code. In this investigation work, we plan and examine a strengthened solid casing structure in different seismic zones and we watching the variety in the conduct of the structure in various loading conditions.

KEYWORDS: Seismic analysis, comparison, Reinforced concrete frame, Seismic design, Seismic Zone, Staad pro

How to cite this paper: Vikash Kumar | Juhi Nigam | Barun Kumar "Analysis and Design of a Multistory Reinforced Concrete Frame in Different Seismic Zone" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6, October 2020, pp.347-353, URL: www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33392.pdf Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Journal. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)

INTRODUCTION Earth creates and releases essentialness. Right when this occurs, we have a shudder, which is the shaking of the ground when shake underneath Earth's surface breaks. In the current situation seismic tremor designing draws in significant consideration of researcher since this is the occasion which can't be precisely anticipated it is the dishearten occasion which occurs because of different reasons, for example, 1. Movement of tectonic plates. 2. Sudden slips at the faults. 3. The building of dams. 4. Volcanic earthquakes. 5. Due to explosive. 6. Due to mining etc.

Figure1: Details of the earth crust

Many reaches have been conducted on this theme and still it is proceeding, since more we attempt to learn more we can limit the harms and spare the lives. As indicated by contemplates that have been made on the seismology about 90% tremor occurs because of tectonics. In the event that we come to structural building an architect's responsibility is to give greatest wellbeing in the structures planned and keep up the economy. At whatever point a structure is intended for common episode, for example, seismic tremor we plan it as far as possible conditions of usefulness, damageability and breakdown.

IJTSRD33392

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Because of these reasons tremor building picking up prominence. In the event that we present the fortification in the structure we can build the malleability of the structure yet consolidation of support in the structure chiefly influences the economy of the structure. In this undertaking we have taken G+12 multi-celebrated RC second opposing encircled structure working with shear divider. We have examined the structure for gravity load, wind load and seismic burdens for various urban communities. In choosing the urban communities, we have select four unique urban communities based on seismic zones and furthermore thinking about that the essential breeze speed ought to appear as something else. We have select Bhopal for seismic zone II, Mumbai for seismic zone III, Delhi for seismic zone IV and Guwahati for Zone V. After the investigation and structure we found that breeze load is administering when contrasted with gravity load yet it isn't overseeing when contrasted with tremor load. We have looked at the volume of cement and weight of support for all the heaps in all urban communities and found the rate variety in them concerning gravity load. We have then determined the expense of RCC of the entire structure and contrasted with the gravity load in every seismic zone. Since the expense of the RCC isn't the expense of entire structure so we have accepted that it is half of all out expense of the structure. The principle explanation for the cost correlations is the eliminating of the fantasy that quake safe structure is excessively expensive. For cost examinations we have taken the pace of everything from D.S.R. distributed by CPWD New Delhi. Among the regular hazards, seismic quakes have the potential for making the best damages planned structures. Since tremor powers are discretionary in nature and unpredictable, the planning instruments ought to be sharpened for examining structures under the action of these forces. India has a portion of the world's most significant quakes in the latest century. As a matter of fact, over half zone in the country is seen as slanted to hurting seismic quakes. The north eastern region of the country and furthermore the entire Himalayan belt is frail to unprecedented seismic quakes of significance more than 8.0. Present analyze includes (G+12) fortified solid edge structure symmetric in plan with settled build resting different soil sorts. Since shakes are the delayed consequence of plate limit correspondences, it's nothing startling that most seismic quakes occur in just a few specific locales on Earth. In all honesty, these zones are known for shakes and volcanoes, which moreover tend to happen where plates meet. Components affecting seismic Design 1. Natural recurrence of the structure 2. Damping element of the structure 3. Type of establishment of the structure 4. Importance of the structure 5. Ductility of the structure EARTHQUAKE TERMINOLOGY: Elastic wave:- A wave that is proliferated by some sort of flexible misshapening, prompting changes fit as a fiddle that

vanishes when the powers are eliminated. A seismic wave is a sort of versatile wave. Epicenter:- It is the point on the outside of the Earth, vertically over the spot of root (Hypocenter or Focus) of a tremor. This point is communicated by its topographical directions regarding scope and longitude. Fault:- A break or crack zone (a powerless plane) in the Earth‟s hull or upper mantle, along which the different sides have been uprooted comparative with each other. Flaws are brought about by quakes and seismic tremors are probably going to repeat on prior issues, where stresses are collected. Far-field Observations made everywhere separates from the hypocentre, contrasted with the frequency or potentially the source measurement. Fault slip: - The general dislodging of focuses on inverse sides of a deficiency, estimated on the flaw surface. Focal component:- A depiction of the direction and feeling of slip on the causative deficiency plane got from examination of seismic waves. Focus (Hypocentre) Focal Depth:- A point inside the Earth, where the break of the stones happens during a quake and seismic waves start to transmit. Its position is normally decided from appearance seasons of seismic waves recorded by seismographs. Foreshock:- A generally little quake (or a seismic tremor) that usually goes before a moderately huge extent seismic tremor (called the „main shock‟), by seconds to weeks or months and starts in or close to the burst zone of the principle stun. Hazard (Earthquake/Seismic):- Earthquake peril, H (X,t,T,I) in a district, region or site is spoken to by the rate likelihood figured at the current age (t) with which the recommended qualities (I) of ground movement (dislodging, speed, quickening, ghastly amplitudes) at the site (X), emerging from any (or all) foreseen quakes in the area, won't surpass over a given time stretch (T) of state 20, 50, 100, 500 years later. These are normally communicated as guides, indicating forms of a predetermined ground-movement boundary, called "seismic risk map". Intensity:- An abstract proportion of the impacts of a seismic tremor at a specific spot on people, structures as well as the land itself. The force at a point depends not just upon the quality of the quake (greatness) yet additionally on the good ways from the tremor forthright and the neighborhood geography by then. Force grades are ordinarily given in Roman numerals (on account of the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale, from I for "not noticeable" to XII for "all out demolition"). (See Modified Marcella Intensity Scale.) 4 Inter-plate and Intra-plate tremors. Focal Depth:- It is the vertical separation between the concentration and the focal point the figure clarifies the related wording use in the quake building

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Figure 2. Defining different terminology in earthquake

Seismic waves:- They are the floods of vitality brought about by the abrupt breaking of rock inside the earth or by a blast. They bring the delivered vitality and travel through the earth and are recorded on seismographs. There are numerous kinds of seismic waves, viz., body waves, surface waves, coda waves, and so on. Seismic Zone:- A district wherein tremors are known to happen. Authority of Indian Standards [IS-1893 (Part-1): 2002], in view of different logical contributions from various offices, has gathered the nation into four seismic zones viz. Zone-II, - III, - IV and – V. Of these, Zone V is the most seismically dynamic area, while zone II is the least. The Modified Mercalli (MM) force, which gauges the effect of the seismic tremors on the outside of the earth, comprehensively connected with different zones is as per the following: I Seismic Zone Intensity II (Low power zone) III (Moderate power zone) IV (Severe power zone) V (Very extreme power zone) IX (or more) Seismicity Earthquake activity Seismogram is a consistent set up account of a quake recorded by a seismograph.

Figure 3Collapse of the earthquake related failure

Figure 4. A total Collapse of a Building

Fig. 5. Apartment collapse in bhuj (2001)

Source: www.news.cn

Figure: 6 Seismic Map of India

List of earthquakes in India The Indian subcontinent has a past filled with quakes. The purpose behind the force and high recurrence of seismic tremors is the Indian plate crashing into Asia at a pace of roughly 47 mm/year.[1] coming up next is a rundown of serious quakes which have happened in India.

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Table: 1. List of earthquake in India

Date Location M I Deaths Injuries Total damage /

notes

2017-01-03 India, Bangladesh 5.7 Mw V 3 8

2016-01-04 India, Myanmar,

Bangladesh 6.7 Mw VII 11 200

2015-10-26 Afghanistan, India

, Pakistan

7.7 Mw VII 399 2,536

2015-05-12 Nepal, India 7.3 Mw VIII 218 3,500+

2015-04-25 Nepal, India 7.8 Mw IX 8,964 21,952 $10 billion

2013-05-01 Kashmir 5.7 Mw 3 90 $19.5 million NGDC

2011-09-18 Gangtok, Sikkim 6.9 Mw VII >111

2009-08-10 Andaman Islands 7.5 Mw VIII Tsunami warning

issued

2008-02-06 West Bengal 4.3 Mb 1 50 Buildings damaged NGDC

2007-11-06 Gujarat 5.1 Mw V 1 5 Buildings damaged [2]

2006-03-07 Gujarat 5.5 Mw VI 7 Buildings damaged [3]

2006-02-14 Sikkim 5.3 Mw V 2 2 Landslide [4]

2005-12-14 Uttarakhand 5.1 Mw VI 1 3 Building destroyed [5]

2005-10-08 Kashmir 7.6 Mw VIII 86,000–87,351

69,000–75,266

2.8 million displaced

2005-03-15 Maharashtra 4.9 Mw VII 45 Buildings damaged [6]

2004-12-26 off northern

Sumatra 9.1–9.3

Mw IX 230,000

–280,000

Destructive

tsunami

2002-09-13 Andaman Islands 6.5 Mw 2 Destructive

tsunami NGDC

2001-01-26 Gujarat 7.7 Mw X 13,805–20,023

~166,800 Republic Day

(India)

1999-03-29 Chamoli district-

Uttarakhand 6.8 Mw VIII ~103

1997-11-21 Bangladesh, India 6.1 Mw 23 200

1997-05-22 Jabalpur, Madhya

Pradesh 5.8 Mw VIII 38–56

1,000–1,500

$37–143 million

1993-09-30 Latur, Maharashtr

a 6.2 Mw VIII 9,748 30,000

1991-10-20 Uttarkashi, Uttara

khand 6.8 Mw IX

768–2,000

1,383–1,800

1988-08-21 Udayapur, Nepal 6.9 Mw VIII 709–1,450

1988-08-06 Myannmar, India 7.3 Mw VII 3 12 [7]

1988-02-06 Bangladesh, India 5.9 Mw 2 100 [8]

1986-04-26 India, Pakistan 5.3 Ms 6 30 Severe damage NGDC

1984-12-30 Cachar district 5.6 Mb 20 100 Severe damage NGDC

1982-01-20 Little Nicobar 6.3 Ms Some Moderate damage NGDC

1980-08-23 Kashmir 4.8 Ms Few Limited damage /

doublet NGDC

1980-08-23 Kashmir 4.9 Ms 15 40 Moderate damage

/ doublet NGDC

1980-07-29 Nepal, Pithoragar

h district 6.5 Ms 200 Many $245 million NGDC

1975-01-19 Himachal Pradesh 6.8 Ms IX 47

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1970-03-23 Bharuch district 5.4 Mb 26 200 Moderate damage NGDC

1967-12-11 Maharashtra 6.6 Mw VIII 177–180 2,272 $400,000

1966-08-15 North India 5.6 Unknown 15 Limited damage NGDC

1966-06-27 Nepal, India 5.3 Ms VIII 80 100 $1 million NGDC

1963-09-02 Kashmir 5.3 Unknown 80 Moderate damage NGDC

1960-08-27 North India Moderate damage NGDC

1956-07-21 Gujarat 6.1 Ms IX 115 254

1954-03-21 India, Myannmar 7.4 Ms Moderate damage NGDC

1950-08-15 Assam, Tibet 8.6 Mw XI 1,500–3,300

1947-07-29 India, China 7.3 Mw

1941-06-26 Andaman Islands 7.7–8.1

Mw 8,000 Destructive

tsunami

1935-05-31 Quetta, Baluchista

n 7.7 Mw X

30,000–60,000

1934-01-15 Nepal 8.0 Mw XI 6,000–10,700

1932-08-14 Assam, Myannmar 7.0 Ms Moderate damage NGDC

1905-04-04 Kangra 7.8 Ms IX >20,000

1897-06-12 Shillong, India 8.0 Mw X 1,542

1885-06-06 Kashmir Severe damage NGDC

1885-05-30 Srinagar 3,000 Extreme damage NGDC

1881-12-31 Andaman Islands 7.9 Mw VII Significant in seismology

1869-01-10 Assam, Cachar 7.4 Mw VII 2 Severe damage

1845-06-19 Rann of Kutch 6.3 Ms VIII Few Limited damage /

tsunami NGDC

1843-04-01 Deccan Plateau Moderate damage NGDC

1833-08-26 Bihar, Kathmandu 8.0 Ms Severe damage NGDC

1828-06-06 Kashmir 1,000 Severe damage NGDC

1819-06-16 Gujarat 7.7–8.2

Mw XI >1,543 Formed the Allah

Bund

1618-05-26 Bombay IX 2,000 Severe damage NGDC

1505-06-06 Saldang, Karnali

zone 8.2–8.8

6,000

Note: The inclusion criteria for adding events are based on Wiki Project Earthquakes' notability guideline that was developed for standalone articles. The principles described also apply to lists. In summary, only damaging, injurious, or

deadly events should be recorded. LITERATURE REVIEW PurnachandraSaha, P. PrabhuTeja & P Vijay Kumar this exploration is chiefly centers around variety in level of steel when building is intended for seismic zones. According to their exploration work they inferred that rate variety of steel in radiates are not shifting much when contrasted with segments. Variety is around 0.07% in sections and in general variety is around 0.91% from Zone II to Zone V. PerlaKarunakar the creator put his endeavors to discover the presentation and variety in steel rate and solid amounts in different seismic zones and effect on in general expense of development. As per his examination work the amount of cement are expanded in outside and edge segments because of increment in help responses anyway variety is exceptionally little in inside section footings. Support variety for the entire Rc outline structure among gravity and seismic burdens are 12.96, 18.35, 41.39, 89.05%.the cost variety for pliable versus non bendable enumerating are 4.06%. G Papa Rao and Kiran Kumar the creator's investigates on the adjustments in the level of steel and volume of cement for the RCC surrounded structure for different seismic zones of India. They have planned the structure for gravity load and seismic powers which may be impact on building. As per him that the variety in help responses for outside sections expanded from

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11.59% to 41.71% and if there should arise an occurrence of edge segments it is 17.72% to 63.7% from Zone II to Zone V, and as on account of inside segments it is less. In the event of absolute solid amounts, volume of cement has been higher for outside and edge segments from Zone III to Zone V as a result of higher estimations of help responses with the impact of parallel powers and variety is tiny in inside sections. MdZubair Ahmed, Arshad, and Abdul Khadeer, the examination was led to think about level of steel amounts for structures exposed to gravity loads, seismic powers. After the investigation of the entire edge structure they got to the end that Percentage of steel is more in peripheral and edge sections in contrast with the inside segments and if there should arise an occurrence of bar outer bars require less level of support contrast with inner bars. J. C. Wason, V. Thiruvegadam, K. I. Prakash the examination shows the cost displaying and amount of a structure establishment for RC multi-storeyed structure intended for tremor powers for different seismic zones of India. In this investigation three kinds of establishments have been chosen for example detached establishment, heap establishment and pontoon establishment for different benefits of bearing weights of the dirts. The report gives the possibility of establishment cost and auxiliary amounts for unit floor region of structure situated in different quake locales. As indicated by this examination following outcomes are accomplished. For disconnected establishment, varieties in solid amounts are between 0.05 to 0.10 m3/m2 as a result of changes in admissible soil bearing weight. The fortification changes from 3 to 9 kg/m2. Thinking about the instance of heap establishment, measure of cement is 0.16m3/m2 and need of fortification changes between 10 to 13 kg/m2 as a result of variety in tremor zones. In pontoon establishment, amount of cement is additionally changes. METHODOLOGY

Figure: 3.1 Seismic Map of India

Literature review on previous

researches

weight

Modeling

Design of Column

Creation of nodal

points

Representation of

beams and columns

Assigning supports and

properties

3D rendering view

Assigning dead loads

as per IS 875 Part 1

Assigning live load as

per IS875 Part 2

Assigning seismic load

as per IS1893 Part 1

Adding of load

combination

reinforcement weight

Analysis of the structure

Design of the RCC member

Design of staircase

Comparing reinforcement

weight

Cost comparison

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MODELING In the examination work four models of fortified solid casing. Tall structure G+12 floors are made to know the sensible direct of working in the midst of quake. The length of the structure is 26m and width is 16m. Height of the individual story is 3m. Building is arranged in zone II, III, IV and V. Building is made by IS 456-2000. Solid material of evaluation M25 is utilized, while steel Fe 415 and Fe 415 are used. Block stone work having thickness 20 KN/m3 is used. Direct properties of material are thought of. For the examination work staad professional. Programming is used. The segment segments are believed to be settled at the ground level.

Table 2.Details of the structure

S. no. Particulars values 1 Size of beam .6mx.5m 2 Size of column .7mx.5m 3 Plan size 26mx16m 4 Height of structure 39m 5 Height of individual story 3m 6 Density of brick masonry 20kn/m3 7 Density of concrete 25kn/m3 8 Grade of concrete M 25 9 Grade of steel 415

10 Soil condition Medium soil 11 Thickness of outer wall .2m 12 Thickness of inner wall .1m 13 Seismic zones ii, iii, iv, v 14 Thickness of slab .15m 15 Importance factor 1

CONCLUSIONS To comprehend the conduct of the strengthened solid casing structure under the different sort of seismic burden applied in various seismic zones. The developer and constructors' ought to embrace the codal arrangements in all the future developments, as avoidance is superior to fix. On the light of dodging the danger, this may not be an inconceivable undertaking as seismic tremor safe measures in building include just 8%-10% extra expense contingent on the kind of the structure. The greatest story dislodging, upsetting second got from the reaction range technique is lesser than those gotten by the equal static sidelong power strategy. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We might want to communicate our Special Thanks to Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research Bhopal under MHRD Government of India for offering the backings for the work. REFERENCES [1] IIT Kanpur, Learning Earthquake Resistant Design and

Construction, Earthquake Tips.

[2] SK Duggal, "Seismic tremor Resistance Design of Structure".

[3] IS 456-2000 - Code of Practice for plain and strengthened solid it is an Indian Standard code of training for general auxiliary utilization of plain and fortified cement. The most recent modification of this standard was done in year 2000, reaffirmed 2005. This code utilizes the breaking point state plan approach as well working stress configuration approach. It gives broad data on the different parts of cement.

[4] IS 875 : Part 1 : 1987 Code for configuration loads

(other than earthquake)for structures and structures It manages the dead loads, Unit loads of building material and put away materials

[5] IS 875: Part 2: 1987 Code for configuration loads (other than quake) for structures and structures. It manages the different kinds of forced burden that can come on various sorts of structures.

[6] IS 1893 (Part 1):2002 Code of models for seismic tremor safe plan of structures.

[7] It manages the Earthquake load that can come on various sorts of structures in various seismic zone.

[8] "M 5.1, "M 5.5-Gujarat,", "M 5.3 - Sikkim". "M 5.1 - Uttaranchal, India" "M 4.9 - Maharashtra, India" "M 7.3 - Myanmar"."M 7.3 - Myanmar" "M 5.9 - India-Bangladesh outskirt district". US Geological Survey.

[9] "Dynamics of Structures: Applications to Earthquake Engineering" by A. K. Chopra This book is entirely appropriate elements of structures and quake designing. The book contains numerous themes that identify with the hypothesis of basic elements and its application relating to the quake investigation, reaction and plan of structures.

[10] "Dynamics of Structures" by R.W. Clough and J. Penzien This book shows elements of structures to cutting edge in the field of structural building. The book shows the condition of workmanship strategies that are utilized to evaluate the seismic exhibition of establishment frameworks and contains data on quake designing.