Anaerobic Glycolysis Energy System. Alternative Name: Lactic acid, Lactacid Type of...
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Transcript of Anaerobic Glycolysis Energy System. Alternative Name: Lactic acid, Lactacid Type of...
![Page 1: Anaerobic Glycolysis Energy System. Alternative Name: Lactic acid, Lactacid Type of ActivitiesSustained sprints/power Event Examples:200m, 400m, Sprint.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649ce55503460f949b31a2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Anaerobic Glycolysis Energy System
![Page 2: Anaerobic Glycolysis Energy System. Alternative Name: Lactic acid, Lactacid Type of ActivitiesSustained sprints/power Event Examples:200m, 400m, Sprint.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649ce55503460f949b31a2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Anaerobic Glycolysis Energy
System Alternative Name: Lactic acid, LactacidType of Activities Sustained sprints/powerEvent Examples: 200m, 400m, Sprint cycling,
200m swimmingPredominant: 6-30 secs (approx.)Main Advantage: Rapid supply of energy (fast rate)Main Disadvantage: Lasts for relatively short
amount of timeLimiting Factor: Accumulation of metabolic
by products (Hydrogen ions)
Fuels Used: Glycogen (from muscles and liver)
![Page 3: Anaerobic Glycolysis Energy System. Alternative Name: Lactic acid, Lactacid Type of ActivitiesSustained sprints/power Event Examples:200m, 400m, Sprint.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649ce55503460f949b31a2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Anaerobic Glycolysis Energy System
Byproducts: Hydrogen ions (H+)Lactate
Number of ATP made: 2 (low yield)Located where: Cytoplasm of muscle (in
organelle called cytosol)Used when:• High intensity, submaximal efforts• Repeated maximal efforts (when not enough
time to replenish PC stores)• Exercising at levels greater than VO2
maximum
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Incomplete Breakdown Of
Glucose • The Anaerobic Glycolysis system uses
muscle and liver glycogen (converted to glucose) to synthesize (make) ATP.
• The breakdown of glucose is incomplete and this is the reason why it does not produce as many ATP as when glucose is broken down in the Aerobic energy system.
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Byproducts
• The chemical reaction produces pyruvic acid and hydrogen ions and because oxygen is not used, is converted into lactic acid. The lactic acid splits into lactate and hydrogen ions.
• The build up of hydrogen ions interferes with muscular contractions.
• Lactate is in itself ‘good’ because it is the result of a fast rate of energy production.
• In fact the aerobic system converts some of the lactate back into pyruvic acid before it leaves the muscles then creates more ATP for the body to use (oxidisation).
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Lactate Inflection Point (LIP)
• “Reflects the balance between lactate entry into and removal from the blood (it is the absolute final point before concentration in the blood increases)
• At exercise intensities beyond LIP, blood lactate concentration and fatigue increases
• Measured in: – millimol/litre (mM/l or mmol/l). or sometimes
mg/ml
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How Lactic Acid Interfere With Muscular Contractions
• It inhibits enzymes that break down glucose (an enzyme accelerates a chemical reaction)
• It inhibits calcium ions (calcium ions enable myosin cross bridges to attach to the actin)
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How Hydrogen (H+) Ions Interfere With Muscular
Contractions
• Makes muscles acidic – pH levels in cytoplasm decrease which
decreases enzyme activity that break down glucose therefore slower rate of ATP production
• Also increases the irritation of the central nervous system therefore slows rate of messages sent and slows ATP production
![Page 9: Anaerobic Glycolysis Energy System. Alternative Name: Lactic acid, Lactacid Type of ActivitiesSustained sprints/power Event Examples:200m, 400m, Sprint.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649ce55503460f949b31a2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Lactate Accumulation
• Lactate is localised in that it accumulates in high concentrations in the working muscles – (eg legs of 400m runner and arms/shoulders of
100m freestyle swimmer)
• The net accumulation of blood lactate depends on – the ratio of lactate producing muscle fibres
relative to muscle fibres able to oxidise lactic acid and
– the blood flow distribution to lactate removal sites.
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Best Recovery Method from Metabolic By Product Accumulation (Active)
An active recovery (light jogging, swimming, cycling, rowing etc) removes lactate fastest. Twice as fast as a passive recovery.– Active recovery: 50% LA removed in 15 minutes– Passive recovery: 50% removed in 30 minutes
An active recovery fastest because it…• Increases the Oxygen inhaled (more breaths)
– to increase oxidation of lactate in mitochondria• Increases the speed of blood flow
– to disperse lactate to lactate removal sites of the body (heart, kidney, non exercising muscles and in liver Cori cycle converts small amount of LA back to glycogen)
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Benefits Of an Active Recovery
• Fastest method for removal of metabolic by product
• Prevents venous pooling
• Decreases the severity of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)