27 th Voorburg Group Meeting Warsaw, Poland Country Progress Report: 2012
ANA AGÊNCIA NACIONAL DE ÁGUAS SESSION 5 - WATER GOVERNANCE IN BRAZIL Gisela Forattini Voorburg,...
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Transcript of ANA AGÊNCIA NACIONAL DE ÁGUAS SESSION 5 - WATER GOVERNANCE IN BRAZIL Gisela Forattini Voorburg,...
ANA
AGÊNCIA NACIONAL DE ÁGUAS
SESSION 5 - WATER GOVERNANCE IN BRAZIL
Gisela Forattini
Voorburg, the Netherlands
22-24 May 2006
USER-PRODUCER CONFERENCE: WATER ACCOUNTING FOR INTEGRATED
WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
BRAZIL
Federative Republic
8.5 million Km2
186 million inhabitants
source: IBGE - 2006
26 States
01 Federal District
5,561 Municipalities
5 Geopolitical Regions
N, NE, SE, Midwest, S
• 13% of the freshwater of the planet
• Relation with South America – 74 transboundary basins
• The great amount of water created the habit of abusive utilization of rivers and lakes
• Unbalance between water availability and demand
Pantanal
Semi Arid Region
12 HYDROLOGICAL REGIONS
0,64 millions km2
2.000 m3/s
0,9 millions km2
11.200 m3/s
3,9 millions km2
133.000 m3/s
0,75 millions km2
11.300 m3/s
Average discharge182.900 m3/s
WATER USE
BRAZIL – Intense Urbanization Process
POPULATION IN 2000: 169 Million
URBAN AREAS: 137 MillionRURAL AREAS: 32 Million
SOURCE: IBGE - Census 2000
POPULATION IN 1950: 52 Million
URBAN AREAS: 19 MillionRURAL AREAS : 33 Million
Service Coverage
DOMESTICDOMESTIC
WATER SUPPLYWATER SUPPLY
• 90 % Urban Areas
• 18 % Rural Areas
• 78 % Brazil
Service Coverage
SEWAGE COLLECTION
•56% Urban Areas
•3% Rural Areas •47% Brazil
Service Coverage
SEWAGE TREATMENT
Approximately 20% of collected sewage
is treated
HYDROPOWER
87% of total energy generation
Installed capacity of 70,000 MW
50% of installed capacity in Southeast region
Annual demand Increase of 15% until year 2010
FEDERAL CONSTITUTION - 1988
“Art 21. The Union shall: ...
XIX – implement a National Water Resources Management System
and define criteria for authorization of water use”
LEGAL INSTRUMENTS
• Law 9.433/1997 “WATER LAW”Establishes the National Water
Resource Policy and the National Water Resources Management System
• Law 9.984/2000 “ANA’S LAW”
Regulates the establishment of the National Water Agency (ANA), a federal entity to implement the National Water Resources Policy and to coordinate the National Water Resources Management System
Water is public good Water is a limited natural resource, which has economic
value Priority in the use of water resources is given to human
consumption and the watering of animals; Water resources management must always allow the
multiple use of water The river basin is the territorial unit for the implementation
of the National Water Resources Policy Water resources management shall be decentralized and
shall involve participation of Government, users, and communities.
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES POLICY
Basic Principles
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES POLICY
Instruments
• Water resources plan• Classification of water bodies
according to predominant uses• Granting of water use rights• Charging for water use • Compensation to municipalities• Water resources information system
NationalCouncil
StateCouncil
Ministry ofEnvironment
Water Resources Secretariat
StateGovernment
ANA
StateAgency
River Basin
Committee
River Basin Agency
Basin
State
National
Council Government AuthorityWater Board
Technical
Office
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
FEDERAL BASIN COMMITTEES
MISSIONMISSION
WATER USE IN FEDERAL RIVERS
WATER USE IN FEDERAL RIVERS
WATER USE IN FEDERAL RIVERS
WATER USE IN FEDERAL RIVERS
ARBITRATE CONFLICT AMONG USERS CONFLICT AMONG USERS
AUTHORIZE
CONTROLRE
GU
LA
TO
RY
RE
GU
LA
TO
RY
EX
EC
UT
IVE
EX
EC
UT
IVE
Nat. Water Res. Management System (SINGRH)
RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENTRIVER BASIN
MANAGEMENT
PRACTICAL RESULTS HAVE BEEN OBTAINED IN THE FIRST YEARS OF ANA
• Full implementation of the new water management instruments in the Paraiba River basin;
• Reduction of river pollution levels in the industrial southeast and
• Improvement of water supply coverage in the poor semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil
Water Governance refers to the various levels of political, social and
administrative mechanisms that must be in place to develop and manage
water resources.
(GWP 2000)
• THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE NATIONAL WATER AGENCY - ANA • STRENGTHENING THE CIVIL SOCIETY PARTICIPATION• FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR THE PARTICIPATION OF CIVIL
SOCIETY• ACCESS TO INFORMATION ON WATER QUALITY
STRENGTHENING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL WATERPOLICY AND THE NWRMS
• TRANSPARENCY IN THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS• PARTICIPATORY DECISION-MAKING PROCESS AS IWRM KEY
PRINCIPLE • WATER BASIN COMMITTEES, STATE WATER RESOURCES
COUNCILS AND MUNICIPALITIES• ECONOMIC VALUATION OF WATER AND APLICATION OF THE
USER/PAYER PRINCIPLE• IWRM CAPACITY BUILDING: PROGRAMME AND NETWORKS• GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN THE IWRM
• NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES PLAN
ACHIEVEMENTS FOR THE IWRM PROCESS IN BRAZIL
Approved by the National Water Resources Council, on Jan, 2006.
Governance - the participative and decentralized nature of this process made it possible to establish, for the 2020 time horizon, guidelines, programs, and goals, with ample social and political consensus, by means of a comprehensive process of public discussion.
The general aim of the National Water Resources Plan is:
“ establish a national pact for the definition of guidelines and public policies targeted at improving the supply of water, in quality and quantity, and managing demands, considering water as an essential element for implementation of sector specific policies, from a sustainable-development and social-inclusion standpoint “
http://pnrh.cnrh-srh.gov.br/
NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES PLAN
• WATER AND SANITATION ISSUES
• MDGs IMPLEMENTATION TARGETS
• BALANCING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND FISCAL CONSTRAINTS
• REGIONAL INTEGRATION THROUGH WATERS
• BUILDING CAPACITY AND FOSTER EMPOWERMENT
• SETTING UP THE CULTURE OF WATER SECURITY
SOME CHALLENGES
REFORM OF THE WATER RESOURCES SECTOR IN BRAZIL INVOLVED: DECENTRALIZATION OF DECISIONS; PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT AT THE RIVER BASIN LEVEL; INDEPENDENT REGULATION OF WATER USE AND UTILIZATION OF THE USER-PAYS AND POLLUTER-PAYS PRINCIPLE
APPROPRIATE LEGISLATION IS A NECESSARY CONDITION, BUT IS NOT ENOUGH. POLITICAL WILL AND ADEQUATE INSTITUTIONS ARE FUNDAMENTAL FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF WATER REFORM
IWRM CONCEPT IS FULLY INCORPORATED IN THE BRAZILIAN WATER RESOURCES LEGISLATION
INTENSE PARTICIPATION OF ORGANIZED CIVIL SOCIETY PROVIDED INNOVATIVE THINKING AND A SUSTAINABLE FRAMEWORK FOR ACTION