Organizational Culture and Counterculture - An Uneasy Symbiosis
An Uneasy Peace Objective… Explain the difficulties President Wilson encountered in trying to...
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An Uneasy Peace
Objective… Explain the difficulties
President Wilson encountered in trying to project his progressive ideas to the world and to his own constituents.
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Making peace
Three stages…• The armistice…• The Paris Peace Conference…• The Treaty of Versailles…
U.S. ratification…
Wilson’s political mistake prior to the Paris Peace Conference…
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42) What were the 14 Points?In general terms…
– Wilson’s blue print for peace– Moral vision for the world
In specific terms…- Freedom of the seas
- Open covenants – No secret treaties
- Free trade
- Reduce military armaments
- Mediation of competing colonial claims
- Establish a League of Nations
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The article…
1) To what extent did Wilson’s personality and
upbringing shape the controversy over the Treaty of Versailles?
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The article…
2) Explain the significance of the term
Wilson’s “holy crusade”.
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The article…
3) Relate the causes of World War I to Wilson’s
response in his 14 Points.
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The article…
4) What were Wilson’s hopes for the League of
Nations?
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The League of Nations
• Implement the principles• Resolve disputes
• Article X - Collective security– “The members of the League undertake to respect
and preserve as against external aggression the territorial integrity and existing political
independence of all Members.”
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5) Contrast the mood of the country at the
beginning of American
involvement to the end of the war.
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Wilson in Paris 43) How successful was Wilson
in applying his Fourteen Points?
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6) What forces outside of the U.S. helped
derail Wilson’s ideal?
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7) What forces inside the U.S. helped derail
Wilson’s ideal?
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8) In what ways did Wilson’s handling and
management of the peace negotiations
ultimately undermine the ratification process?
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9) If you had been a Senator in 1919, would you have
supported the Treaty? Explain your answer.
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10) What would it have taken to get the
deal done?
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The Big Four…
Great BritainHidden motive: Revenge
FranceHidden motive: Security from Germany
ItalyHidden motive: Additional land
United States
Germany feels betrayed - Why?
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Allied motives?...
FRANCE -Security from Germany
ENGLAND -Revenge
ITALY-Additional land
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The Treaty of Versailles• Germany became financially responsible for ALL
damage caused during the war. (REPARATIONS)• Reduced their army & navy• Lost territories... Lost Alsace-Lorraine (ceded to the
French) provided much of its coal for manufacturing.• Lost with its African colonies… trade markets & raw
materials.• Germany is severely weakened & no longer a world
power• Germany’s economy & morale decline, giving rise to
Nazi Party.
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Objective… Identify the reasons for
Senator Lodge & others objecting to the League of Nations.
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The Treaty Fight
44) Why was there a fight about ratifying the Treaty of Versailles in the U.S. Senate?
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Wilson’s opposition at home?• The
Irreconcilables…
• The Reservationists…
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The Treaty Fight45) Why did
Wilson resist Lodge’s actions & what did he try to do instead? The end result?...
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How did Wilson respond to his opposition?
• Took the fight to the American people
• 8,000 mile speaking tour • 23 days / 36 speeches• Sept. 25 – collapsed in CO.• Suffered stroke –paralyzed
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52) What did the results of the 1920 election reflect about
American society?
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The Election of 1920
• Rep.– Senator Warren Harding – Called for a retreat from idealism & a “return to normalcy”
• Rejection of the Treaty of Versailles and the League
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What message is being
conveyed?...
Who might have published this
cartoon?...
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What message is
being conveyed?...
![Page 30: An Uneasy Peace Objective… Explain the difficulties President Wilson encountered in trying to project his progressive ideas to the world and to his own.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2b5503460f94c467dd/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
What message is being
conveyed?...
![Page 31: An Uneasy Peace Objective… Explain the difficulties President Wilson encountered in trying to project his progressive ideas to the world and to his own.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2b5503460f94c467dd/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
What message is being
conveyed?...
![Page 32: An Uneasy Peace Objective… Explain the difficulties President Wilson encountered in trying to project his progressive ideas to the world and to his own.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2b5503460f94c467dd/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
World War I TEST
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What message is being conveyed?...