An overview on Education in India

7/27/2019 An overview on Education in India

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ANURAG BAGADE

NIKHIL PAWAR

DEMOGRAPHY AND STATISTICS


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In India the Guru or the teacher is held inhigh esteem.

Indeed, there is an understanding that if thedevotee were presented with the guru andGod, first he would pay respect to the guru,since the guru had been instrumental inleading him to God


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Gurukul system ofeducation

The gurudakshina is a

traditional gesture of

acknowledgment,

respect and thanks


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REMAINS OF TAXILA UNIVERSITY

NALANDA UNIVERSITY

There were universities like Taxila, Ujjain, Kanchi etc. for medicine and

learning including mathematics and astronomy.


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Education of Indians hadbecome a topic of interestamong East India Companyofficials. The policys goalwas

to advance knowledge ofIndians and

to employ that knowledge inthe East India Company

The British Parliament formed apetition in support of bothestablishing and adequatelyfunding university education inIndia which helped in shaping theeducation system of India.


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GRANT MEDICAL COLLEGE,1844UNIVERSITY OF BOMBAY
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b5/Grant_medical_college1844.jpghttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b5/Grant_medical_college1844.jpg


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THE INDIAN

EDUCATION SYSTEM

Following independence in1947, MAULANA AZAD,India's first educationminister recommended strongcentral government controlover education throughoutthe country, with a uniformeducational system

POST INDEPENDENCE


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The Indian government lays great

emphasis to primary education up to the

age of fourteen years (referred to as

Elementary Education in India.)

The Indian government has also banned

child labour in order to ensure that the

children do not enter unsafe workingconditions.

Education has also been made free for

children for six to 16 years of age.

The District Primary Education

Programme (DPEP) was launched in1994 with an aim to universalize primary

education in India by reforming and

vitalizing the existing primary education

system

The Mid-day Meal Scheme is the

popular name for school meal

programme in India. It involves

provision of lunch free of cost to

school-children on all working

days with an objective to:

increase school enrolment andattendance, improve socialisation

among children belonging to all

castes and addressing

malnutrition.


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The current scheme foruniversalization of Education

for All is the SARVA

SHIKSHA ABHIYAN which is

one of the largest education

initiatives in the world.

RIGHT TO EDUCATION

Every child between the

ages of 6 to 14 years has

the right to free and

compulsory education. The

government schools shall

provide free education to all

the children. Private

schools shall admit at least25% of the children in their

schools without any fee.


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In our national perception,

Education refines sensitivities

and perceptions that contribute

to national cohesion, a scientific

temper and independence of

mind and spirit - thus

furthering the goals of

socialism, secularism and

democracy enshrined in our

Constitution.


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The government is committed to

providing education through

mainstream schools for children

with disabilities.

The need for inclusive education

arises precisely because it is now

well understood that most

children with disabilities can, with

motivation and effort on the part

of teaching institutions, become

an integral part of those

institutions.


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Significant feature of India's

secondary school system is the

emphasis on inclusion of the

disadvantaged sections of the

society.

Another feature of India's

secondary school system is its

emphasis on profession based

vocational training to help

students attain skills for finding a

vocation of his/her choosing.

The Secondary education is supported

by the following organizations under

the administrative control of theUnion Department of Education:

National Council of EducationalResearch and Training (NCERT)

Central Board of Secondary

Education (CBSE)

National Institute of Open Schooling

(NIOS)


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The CBSE was set up by a special

resolution of the Government of

India in 1929 at Ajmer with a

view to play a useful role in the

field of Secondary Education and

to raise its standard.

The CBSE has constantly been

engaged in process of curriculum

design, in-service teacher

empowerment programmes and

development of textual material.

CBSE has introduced

CONTINUOUS AND

COMPREHENSIVE

EVALUATION (CCE) at the

secondary level.

The scheme of CCE discourages mechanical

testing. It envisages employment of variety of

tools and techniques for assessment in

informal and formal settings which are more

interesting, relevant and meaningful and

involve learners for greater participation and

learning


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Levelwise Education in Different Years


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150 100 50 0 50 100

Primary (I-V)

Upper Primary (VI-VIII)

Secondary/Senior Senior(XI-XII)

Higher Educaton

No. of Students

LevelOfEducation

1950-51

Female

Male

-300 -200 -100 0 100 200

Primary (I-V)

Upper Primary (VI-

VIII)

Secondary/SeniorSenior(XI-XII)

Higher Educaton

No. of Students

LevelOfEducation

1960-61

Female

Male

-400 -200 0 200 400

Primary (I-V)


Secondary/Senior Senior(XI-

XII)

Higher Educaton

No. of Students

LevelOfEducatio

n

1970-71

Female

Male

-600 -400 -200 0 200 400

Primary (I-V)



XII)

Higher Educaton

No. of Students

LevelOfEducatio

n

1980-81

Female

Male


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800 600 400 200 0 200 400 600

Primary (I-V)



Higher Educaton

No. of Students

LevelOfEducation

2000-01

Female

Male

1,000.00 500.00 0.00 500.00 1,000.00

Primary (I-V)



XII)

Higher Educaton

No. of Students

LevelOfEd

ucation

2005-06

Female

Male

1,000.00 500.00 0.00 500.00 1,000.00

Primary (I-V)



Higher Educaton

No. of Students

LevelOfEducation

2006-07

Female

Male

1,000.00 500.00 0.00 500.00 1,000.00

Primary (I-V)



XII)

Higher Educaton

No. of Students

LevelOfEdu

cation

2007-08

Femal

Male


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NCERT is an autonomous bodyfully funded by the Ministry ofHuman Resource and Development(MHRD)

The NCERT was established in

1961. It functions as a resourcecentre in the field of schooleducation and teacher education.Publication of school textbooks andother educational material liketeachers guides/manuals etc. are its

major functions. It aims at making environmental

education an integral part ofcurriculum in school education.

India's higher education system is the third

largest in the world, after China and the

United States.


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Higher education in India hasevolved in divergent streams witheach stream monitored by an apex

body UNIVERSITY GRANTSCOMMISION- organisation set up

by Union government in 1956, for the

coordination, determination andmaintenance of standards of universityeducation, indirectly controlled bythe Ministry of Human ResourceDevelopment.

Most universities are administeredby the States, but there are 18

important universities calledCentral Universities, which aremaintained by the UnionGovernment.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Main(Administrative)Building_IIT-Roorkee.JPG


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Delhi Chief Minister Ms.SheilaDikshit launched the Ladli. Underthe scheme, the state governmentintends to deposit Rs.100,000 in theaccount of every girl child(belonging to a particular incomegroup) by the time she attains theage of 18.

As per the scheme, thegovernment will depositRs.10,000 in the name of a girl

child at the time of her birth andRs.5,000 each at the time ofadmission to Class I, VI, IX, Xand XII to encourage hereducation.


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Maths labs are a part of the infrastructure

along with physics, chemistry, biology ,

psychology, home science and computers.


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27.20

40.40

46.00

56.40

64.10

75.30

82.10

8.9

15.4

22

29.8

39.3

53.7

65.5

1951

1961

1971

1981

1991

2000

2011

Indias Male Female Literacy Rate (Year wise)

Male Female

Literacy Rate is a number of literates in the age group of 7 year and above

expressed as percentage of total corresponding population


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100 75 50 25 0 25 50 75

1-5

6-8

9-10

11-12

Polytechnics

Graduate

Post graduate

Ph.D

Level-wise Enrolment in School in 2009-10

Female

Male

No. of Students (in thousands)

Pyramid Showing the Level-wise enrolment in schools/colleges by students in

the year of 2009-2010


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2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 500 1,000 1,500

1950-51

1960-61

1970-71

1980-81

1990-91

2000-01

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09P

2009-10P

No. of Teachers (in Thousands)

Year

Teachers in Primary School I - V

Male

Female

T h i U P i S h l VI VIII


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1,500 1,000 500 0 500 1,000

1950-51

1960-61

1970-71

1980-81

1990-91

2000-01

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09P

2009-10P


Year

Teachers in Upper Primary School VI - VIII

Male

Female

Teachers in Secondary IX X


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2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 500 1,000 1,500

1950-51

1960-61

1970-71

1980-81

1990-91

2000-01

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09P

2009-10P


Year

Teachers in Secondary IX - X

Male

Female


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80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80

1960-61

1970-71

1980-81

1990-91

2000-01

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09P

2009-10P

Students (in %)

Year

DROPOUT from I-V

Female

Male


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100 50 0 50 100

1960-61

1970-71

1980-81

1990-91

2000-01

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09P

2009-10P

Students (in %)

Year

DROPOUT from I-VIII

Female

Male

DROPOUT from IX X


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100 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100

1960-61

1970-71

1980-81

1990-91

2000-01

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09P

2009-10P

Students (in %)

Year

DROPOUT from IX-X

Female

Male

Rural Urban Statewise Literacy


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-1E+08 -80000000 -60000000 -40000000 -20000000 0 20000000 40000000 60000000

India/

UTTAR PRADESH

BIHAR

MAHARASHTRA

WEST BENGAL

ANDHRA PRADESH

MADHYA PRADESH

RAJASTHAN

TAMIL NADU

KARNATAKA

GUJARAT

ORISSA

ASSAM

KERALA

JHARKHAND

PUNJAB

CHHATTISGARH

HARYANA

JAMMU & KASHMIR

UTTARAKHAND

HIMACHAL PRADESH

TRIPURA

MEGHALAYA

MANIPUR

NAGALAND

ARUNACHAL PRADESH

GOA

MIZORAM

SIKKIM

NCT OF DELHI #

PUDUCHERRY #

A & N ISLANDS #

DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI #

DAMAN & DIU #

CHANDIGARH #

LAKSHADWEEP #

Population

State

Rural-Urban Statewise Literacy

Urban

Rural

Statewise Literacy Rate


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-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150

LAKSHADWEEP #

KERALA

MIZORAM

GOA

TRIPURA

PUDUCHERRY #

DAMAN & DIU #

NCT OF DELHI #HIMACHAL PRADESH

CHANDIGARH #

A & N ISLANDS #

MAHARASHTRA

UTTARAKHAND

SIKKIM

GUJARAT

TAMIL NADU

MANIPUR

DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI #HARYANA

NAGALAND

KARNATAKA

WEST BENGAL

ORISSA

PUNJAB

CHHATTISGARH

MADHYA PRADESH

RAJASTHAN

UTTAR PRADESH

ASSAM

JHARKHAND

JAMMU & KASHMIR

MEGHALAYA

ANDHRA PRADESH

ARUNACHAL PRADESH

BIHAR

Literacy rate

State

Statewise Literacy Rate

Literacy Rate

(Females)

Literacy Rate

(Males)


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We give them roots, we give them wingsAnd great joys from, little things,A hope that they will soar ,A hope that they will try,We are sure that one day ,Our children will learn to fly.

An overview on Education in India

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