'An overview of Smart TVs' slide deck from Fall Technology ... · PDF fileAspirational...

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Transcript of 'An overview of Smart TVs' slide deck from Fall Technology ... · PDF fileAspirational...

Page 1: 'An overview of Smart TVs' slide deck from Fall Technology ... · PDF fileAspirational Lumascape for Smart TVs. 14. 15. ... web or mobile – One app we looked at connected to more
Page 2: 'An overview of Smart TVs' slide deck from Fall Technology ... · PDF fileAspirational Lumascape for Smart TVs. 14. 15. ... web or mobile – One app we looked at connected to more

An  overview  of  Smart  TVs 

Justin  Brookman,  OTECH Ian  Klein,  Stevens  Institute  of  Technology

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What we’re going to cover

• Description of smart TV functionality and the smart TV ecosystem

• Highlight some of the consumer protection issues around smart TVs

• OTECH look at smart entertainment devices in the lab

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What  is  a  smart  entertainment  device?

• Something  that  enables  internet  connectivity  on  a  large  screen  format – Over‐the‐top  (“OTT”)  content – Interactivity

• Widespread  streaming  video  content  over  internet  available  at  least  since  mid‐2000s – Gaming  consoles  among  first  to  bring  to  TV

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Page 5: 'An overview of Smart TVs' slide deck from Fall Technology ... · PDF fileAspirational Lumascape for Smart TVs. 14. 15. ... web or mobile – One app we looked at connected to more

Potential  benefits  of  smart  TVs

• Access  to  more  and  more  diverse  content  on  a  big  screen

• Interactive  programming

• Personalized  recommendations • Alternatively:

– Fewer  commercials – If  ecosystem  becomes  more  ad‐supported,  potential  for  lower  prices

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Data  collection  on  smart  TVs

• Delivery

• Research  and  product  improvement • Measurement  and  ratings • Advertising

• Cross‐device  tracking

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Tracking  on  smart  devices

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Smart  TVs

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Smart  TVs

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“ACR”

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Cable  providers

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Cable  providers

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“Addressable  TV”

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Smart  peripherals

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Applications

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Aspirational  Lumascape for  Smart  TVs

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What  can  be  collected?

• How  to  keep  state  on  users? – Cookies?  Device  IDs?  IP  address?

• Viewing  habits • Voice/camera • Other  nearby  devices • Tie  TV  viewing  to  offline  data

– Demographic  targeting – Attribution

• Data  minimization  efforts – Deidentification/aggregation  techniques – Data  retention  limitations – User  controls

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Cross‐device  tracking

• Also  interest  in  linking  smart  TVs  with  other networked  devices

• Useful  for: – Seamless  experience – Retargeting – Purchase  attribution – Broader  behavioral  profile

• Can  use  probabilistic  or  deterministic  methods – Probabilistic  based  on  likely  shared  characteristics  (IP) – Deterministic  based  on  real‐world  identifier  (email,  ultrasonic  code)

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Transparency  and  controls

• What  are  consumer  expectations  for  smart  TV  privacy?

• How  message  to  consumers? – Privacy  policy?

– Stand‐alone  notice?

– Standardized  notice  like  AdChoices icon?

• Are  there  consistent  cross‐app  (or  cross‐platform)  controls?

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Security

• Do  smart  devices  get  security  updates?   How  regularly?   For  how  long?

• Threat  models – Can  attack  the  TV/device  (Is  traffic  encrypted?) – Can  attack  other  networked  devices – Can  be  leveraged  to  attack  others  (e.g.,  DDoS)

• Long‐standing  area  of  interest  to  FTC – IoT report – 6(b)  study  of  security  updates  to  mobile  phones

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How  long  are  applications  supported?

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Legal  framework

• Section  5  of  the  FTC  Act • COPPA

• Cable  Act and  Communications  Act • VPPA

• ECPA

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Our  study

• Looked  at  disclosures,  data  flows,  and  controls  for  three  different  smart  TVs

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Transparency  and  control

• All  platforms  reserved  broad  rights  to  monitor  viewing  habits

• Defaults  always  in  favor  of  collection  for  targeting,  but  interfaces  varied

• All  offered  controls  for  device‐level  targeting,  but  we  didn’t  always  see  a  mechanism  for  controlling  third‐party  apps  (and  their  third  parties)

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Data  collection

• Third‐party  data  sharing  not  as  widespread  as  on  web  or  mobile

• On  two  of  the  three  TVs,  regular  encrypted  communication  with  manufacturer’s  servers

• The  other  TV  reserved  broad  rights,  but  manufacturer  did  not  appear  to  engage  in  regular  data  collection

• Available  controls  seemed  robust – One  TV  ceased  all  regular  communication,  other  reduced  to  minimal  traffic

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Our  findings

• Communications  between  Smart  TV  and  “acr”  server  during  DVD  play

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Data  collection

• Apps  did  communicate  with  third  parties  on  the  smart TVs – But  typically  considerably  fewer  third  parties  than  see  on web  or  mobile

– One  app  we  looked  at  connected  to  more  third  parties  on the  TV  than  either  web  or  mobile

• Did  not  see  controls  on  how  to  limit  app data  collection  and  sharing  practices

• Most  app  and  third  party  traffic  was  encrypted • Often  used  cookies  to  keep  state  on  users

– Possibly  because  less  standardization  of  device  identifiers than  on  mobile

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The  future

• Still  early  days • May  see  more  data  collection  if  more standardization,  more  viewing  over  IP

• Will  robust  cross‐app  (or  cross‐platform)  controls  emerge?   What  self‐regulatory  models  will  develop?

• Will  consumer  expectations  evolve?   Will  privacy add‐on  tools  emerge  (like  we’ve  seen  with  ad‐and  tracker‐blockers)?

• Pay‐for‐content  or  ad‐supported?

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   Panel  1:  New  Frontiers  in  Media  Measurement and Targeting

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   Panel  2:  Consumer  Understanding 

and Regulatory Framework